MALE REPRODCTION

SYSTEM
Dr.IQBAL TARIQ
 OBJECTIVES
• To know the hypothalamic control of male
sex hormones.
• To know about the male sexual disorders.
MALE SEX HORMONES

• GONADOTROPIN RELEASING
HORMONE from Hypothalamus acts on
Pituitary to release LEUTINIZING
HORMONE & FOLLICLE STIMULATING
HORMONETESTES release
TESTOSTERONE.
•
 PATTERN OF SECRETION
• GnRH pulsatile fashion for a few
minutes after every 1-3 hours.
• LH follow the pattern of GnRH.
• FSH changes slowly over a periods of
many hours.
 MECHANISM OF ACTION
• LH & FSH
• Target tissue: Testes
• cAMP second messanger system.
• Activates enzymes in the target cells.
 REGULATION OF
TESTOSTERONE
• By LH
• Quantity of testosterone increases in direct
proportion to quantity of LH.
 NEGATIVE FEEDBACK
CONTROL OF TESTOSTERONE
• TESTOSTERONE inhibits anterior Pitutary
Secretion of LH .Most of this results from
effect on Hypothalamus.Increase amount
decreases LH & vice versa,.
 NEGATIVE FEEDBACK
CONTROL OF
SPERMATOGENESIS
• Decrease spermatogenesisincrease
secretion of FSH by anterior Pituitary &
vice versa.
• Cause:INHIBIN ,produced by sertoli
cells.Strong effect on anterior
Pituitary.Slight effect on Hypothalamus.
 PSYCHIC FACTORS
• Effect Hypothalamus through Limbic
system.

• Limbic system. a complex system of nerves and networks in the

brain, involving several areas near the edge of the cortex concerned with
instinct and mood. It controls the basic emotions (fear, pleasure, anger) and
drives (hunger, sex, dominance, care of offspring).
 FETAL PRODUCTION OF
TESTOSTERONE
• Placental HUMAN CHORIONIC
GONADOTROPIN acts similar to LH on
sex organs.
 PUBERTY
• Inhibitory effects of steroids on
Hypothalamus are realeased.
 MALE CLIMACTERIC
• Decrease in male sexual function releated
to decrease in testosterone.
• Age:40-50----68 years.
 ABNORMALITIESOF MALE
SEXUAL FUNCTION
• PROSTATIC FIBROADENOMA: In old
age, due to abnormal growth of prostate
tissue itself.Not due to increase in
testosterone.
• CANCER:common cause of death.cancer
cells grow under effect of testosterone.
Treatment is removal of testes & estrogen
administration.
 HYPOGONADISM IN MALES
• No fetal testosteronefemale genital
organs.
• Loss of testes before
pubertyeunuchism,infantile sex organs
& characters, child like voice ,increased
height (greater than normal man),thin
bones, weak muscles, normal male
distribution of hair does not occur.
• Castrated testes after puberty: some of
characters revert to child like others
remain those of adult.Sexual organs
slightly regress in size. ,also voice
regresses slightly.Loss of masculine hair,
bone & muscle production.
 ADIPOSOGENITAL SYNDROME
• FROHLICH’S SYNDROME
• HYPOTHALAMIC EUNUCHISM
• Genetic inability of Hypothalamus to
secrete normal amount of
GnRH.Simultaneous abnormality of
Hypothalamic feeding center.
• Obesity & eunuchism.
 TESTICULAR TUMORS
• INTERSTITIAL LEYDIG CELL TUMORS:
– RARE
– YOUNG CHILDREN
– INCEASE PRODUCTION OF
TESTOSTERONE.
– Rapid growth of muscles & bones, increased
height,excessive development of sex
organs,male sexual characteristics.
• TERATOMA:
– MORE COMMON
– CAPABLE OF DIFFERENTIATING TO
ALMOST TO ANY TYPE OF CELL.
– PLACENTAL TISSUEhCG
– INCREASE ESTROGENGYNECOMASTIA(
overgrowth of breast)