CHEMICALS IN THE BRAIN

NERVOUS SYSTEM ( MS SOCKY)

CHEMICALS IN THE BRAIN THAT CAN AFFECT YOUR BODY AND EMOTIONS

Chemicals in brain are known as

neurotransmitter. Neurotransmitter came in
several different types that have their own
function and characteristics.
NEUROTRANSMITTERS
Neurotransmitter is the method of
communication between neurons. These
chemicals can cause change of neuron cell
permeability so that the neuron can distribute
impulse depend on the neuron and the
transmitter. There are several types of
neurotransmitter that can be found in human
brain
THE FUNCTIONS OF CHEMICALS IN
BRAIN

Each type of chemical in brain has its own function.

1. Acetylcholine
Acetylcholine can send responds from one cell to another. This
chemical has major role in the movements of skeletal muscles.
Acetylcholine also has role in controlling heart muscles and soft
muscles.
Acetylcholine has excitation effects. However, acetylcholine is
also known has inhibition effects as well on several ends of
peripheral parasympathetic nerves such as heart inhibition by
vagus nerve.
DOPAMINE

Dopamine is neurotransmitter that is similar to

adrenaline. Dopamine can affect brain process that
controls motion, emotional respond, and the ability
to feel happiness and pain. Dopamine is very
important to control balance in movements. If your
brain lacks of dopamine, it will cause lack of
movement control such as the case in Parkinson
disease.
DOPAMINE

Lack of dopamine or problems in dopamine distribution also

might cause people to lose their ability to think straight as
well like what being showed in people with schizophrenia.
The lack of dopamine in tegmental area that contains many
limbic systems might cause a person always be suspicious and
might cause that person has paranoia personality. If the lack
of dopamine occurs in mesocortical pathway from tegmental
to neocortex, especially in prefrontal area, it might cause the
deficit of memories.
NOREPINEPHRINE
Norepinephrine is one of the chemicals in the brain that
effect to body functions. Norepinephrine is produced by most
neurons that their soma is located on the brain stem and
hypothalamus. Neurons that located on locus coeruleus
inside the pons that produce norepinephrine will typically
send the wide nerve fibers inside the brain and will help the
regulation of all activities and feels such as the enhancement
of alertness.
SEROTONIN

In central nervous system, serotonin plays important role as

neurotransmitter that involves in processes that are related
with anger, aggressiveness, change of body temperature,
mood, sleep, human sexuality, appetite, metabolism, and the
stimulus to vomit.
Drugs that affect the process of serotonin formation are
usually used as the part of therapy in many psychiatric
defects. Besides, serotonin is also one of the focuses of study
about the generic effect in the modification of psychiatric
genetic.
SEROTONIN

In some studies that have been conducted report that

some people with anxiety disorder have abnormal
serotonin transporter and the effects of this
modification is that there is higher possibilities of
depression that might occur compared to normal
people. From the latest studies are also reported that
serotonin together with acetylcholine and
norepinephrine will act as neurotransmitter that are
released on the end of enteric nerves.
GABA

This is one of the important chemicals in the brain, γ-

aminobutyric acid (GABA) is main inhibition neurotransmitter
in central nervous system. GABA has major role in controlling
the neuron excitability through nervous system. In human,
GABA is also responsible directly in controlling the muscle
tonus. GABA is formed from glutamate decarboxylation that
is catalyzed by glutamate decarboxylase (GAD). Generally,
GAD can be found in the end of nervous system. The activity
of GAD needs pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) as cofactor.
EPINEPHRINE

Epinephrine is one of the hormones that play role in

short term stress reaction. Epinephrine is produced
by adrenal glands when there is critical situation or
dangerous situation. In blood stream, epinephrine
will quickly maintain the body’s requirements when
there are tensions or critical situation by providing
more supplies of oxygen and glucose to brain and
muscles.
EPINEPHRINE

Besides that, epinephrine also will increase heart beat, stroke

volume, dilatation, and arteriole contraction on
gastrointestinal and skeleton muscles. Epinephrine will
increase blood sugar level by improving catabolism of
glycogen into glucose in liver and at the same time will lower
the formation of lipid from fat cells.
EPINEPHRINE

Epinephrine has so many functions in almost every

part of your body such as controlling fatty acid
concentration, controlling blood glucose
concentration, controlling blood stream on kidney,
controlling metabolism rate, controlling smooth
muscles contraction, chemical thermogenesis,
vasodilatation, and vasoconstriction.
GLUTAMATE

Glutamate is the neurotransmitter that is most

common in central nervous system. The amount of
glutamate is about a half of all neurons in the brain.
Glutamate plays major role in memory activity. The
excess of glutamate will kill neurons in the brain.
Sometimes brain damage or stroke might cause the
excessive production of glutamate which will lead to
the excess of glutamate and might cause many brain
cells became die.
GLUTAMATE

The excessive production of glutamate might

cause AIS or also known as the Lou Gehrig’s
disease. There are many scientists that believe
the excess of glutamate is responsible for
various diseases in nervous system and try to
find the ways to minimize the effects of this
condition.
TYPES OF FOOD THAT CAN IMPROVE CHEMICALS IN
BRAIN

There are various types of food that can help

improving the activity of chemicals in your brain.
Certain types of food might improve certain types of
chemical in your brain. For example, there are foods
that can improve the activities of dopamine in your
brain. Foods such as fruits or foods that are rich of
antioxidant and vitamin B6 can improve the
dopamine in your brain
TYPES OF FOOD THAT CAN IMPROVE CHEMICALS IN
BRAIN

You can also improve serotonin in your brain by consuming

certain types of foods as well. Foods that can improve serotonin
in your brain are including seafood such as salmon and sardines,
whey protein, banana, and chocolate. If you consume these
foods, the amount of serotonin in your brain might increase.
Other types of food might increase the amount of nitric oxide in
your brain. Watermelon is considered as one of the best types of
food that can improve the amount of nitric oxide in your brain.
Yolk and lentils are also good for nitric oxide in your brain as
well. Other types of food that are good for nitric oxide in your
brain are tuna and pistachio.
TYPES OF FOOD THAT CAN IMPROVE
CHEMICALS IN BRAIN
If you want to improve glycine in your brain, you can
consume certain types of foods such as foods that
contain high amount of protein. There are so many
types of food that came with high amount of protein.
Fish, meat, nuts, milk, and cheese are several types of
food that are good for glycine in your brain.
NEROTRANSMITTERS
THANK YOU
ADD A SLIDE TITLE - 3
ADD A SLIDE TITLE - 4
ADD A SLIDE
TITLE - 5
Click icon to add picture

ADD A SLIDE
TITLE - 6