World Geography

Topography, Climate, Natural Resources, Population, and Culture.

Asia
Topography
The topography of Asia can be divided into five major physical
regions:
• Mountain Systems
• Plateaus
• Steppes
• Deserts
• Freshwater Environments
• Saltwater Environments

(7 CONTINENTS Topography and their Natural Resources)

Topography:
Physical Characteristics
• Chinais the largest country in Asia both in
physical size and population.
• OnlyMongolia and China have wide plains and
plateaus.

(7 CONTINENTS Topography and their Natural Resources)

Climate
The temperature in highland zones varies
with latitude and elevation. In general, the
farther north the latitude and the higher
the elevation, the colder the climate.

The southwest and some of the interior are

dry, while the southeast is tropical.
(7 CONTINENTS Topography and their Natural Resources)
Natural Resources
• Coal
• Petroleum
• Oil
• Uranium
• Iron ore
• Manganese
• Gypsum
• Chromium
• Bauxite
• Copper

(7 CONTINENTS Topography and their Natural Resources)

Natural Resources
Asia is the largest exporter of rice and
coconut. Among the crops of Asia are dates,
tomatoes, onions, melons, wheat, barley,
tobacco, tea, corn, hazel nut, grapes,
cherries, plums and other fruits and crops.

(7 CONTINENTS Topography and their Natural Resources)

Population
4.561 billion as of 2018
Culture
The culture of Asia encompasses
the collective and diverse customs and
traditions of art, architecture, music,
literature, lifestyle, philosophy, politics
and religion that have been practiced and
maintained by the numerous ethnic groups of
the continent of Asia since prehistory.

(Wikipedia)
Africa
Topography
The topography of Africa can be
divided into three major physical
regions:
• Desert
• Savannas or grasslands
• Rain forest
Topography:
Physical Characteristics
• Divided by half almost equally by the
equator.
• Sahara is the world’s largest hot
desert
• Rainforest is concentrated in central
Africa.
• Savannasor grasslands cover almost half
of Africa.
Climate
• Themore elevated the area is, the lower
the average heat and rainfall is.
• Thelower the area, the higher the
average of heat and rainfall.
• Thereduction in topography elevation
resulted in an anomalous moisture
divergence at low level and descending
motion over the region.
Natural Resources
• Gold • Graphite
• Nickel • Tobacco
• Uranium • Iron ore
• Pozzolana • Phosphates
• Fish • Aluminum
• Diamond • Gas
• Timber • Copper
• Titanium
Population
1.216 billion as of 2016
Culture
The Culture of Africa is varied and
manifold, consisting of a mixture of
countries with various tribes that
each have their own unique
characteristic from the continent of
Africa.

(Culture of Africa, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_Africa)

The
Americas
Topography
• Mountain ranges
• Coastal plains
Topography:
Physical Characteristics
• Mountain
ranges in the west from
north to south.
• Coastal plains in the east.
• High in the west, low on the east.
Climate
• Climaticconditions become colder as
altitude increases.
• Snow crowns the highest elevation.
• Mountainranges acts as barriers to air
from the Pacific ocean that could cause
precipitation or dry conditions.
North America:
Population
579 million as of 2016
North America:
Natural Resources
• Coal

• Bauxite

• Iron

• Copper

• Nickel

• Oil

• Gas
North America:
Natural Resources
• NorthAmerica has fertile soils and
forests. It is one of the most developed
parts of the world.
• Forestryis the management, cultivation,
and harvesting of trees and other
vegetation in forests.
North America:
Culture
The culture of North America refers
to the arts and other manifestations
of human activities and achievements
from the continent of North America.

(Culture of North America,

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_North_America)
South America:
Population
422.5 million as of 2016
South America:
Natural Resources
• Iron

• Copper

• Tin

• Lead

• Zinc

• Oil

• Natural Gas
South America:
Natural Resources
• Economyis centered on the export of natural
resources. Coffee and cacao are two of the
most important cash crops.
• Mahoganyand Rosewood are high-value tree
species that are exported to foreign market.
• Marinefisheries are the most important
economic activity along South America's
Pacific coast.
South America:
Culture
The culture of South America today stems
from a diverse set of cultural traditions,
dating back to those of pre-Columbian
civilizations and indigenous tribes.

(South America Culture,

https://www.thesouthamericaspecialists.com/what-to-do/culture)
Europe
Topography
• Western uplands
• Northern European plain
• Central uplands
• Alpine mountains
Topography:
Physical Characteristics
• Defined by hard, ancient rock that was shaped by
glaciation.
• These physical features allowed for early
communication, travel, and agricultural development.
• The Central Uplands are lower in altitude and less
rugged than the Alpine region and are heavily wooded
• High elevations, rugged plateaus, and steeply sloping
land define the region
Climate
• Changes from area to area.
• Europe
has a mild climate in some
places but extreme in others
because of the irregularity of
topography in the 4 regions.
Population
764.4 million as of 2018
Natural Resources
• Natural gas • Gold • Peat
• Oil • Silver • Mercury
• Coal • Bauxite • Petroleum
• Iron • Lead • Nickel
• Copper ore • Uranium • Lignite
• Zinc • Fish
Natural Resources
• Europe
is rich in timber,
peat and potash
• Has
well-developed fishing
industry
Culture
The culture of Europe is rooted in
its art, architecture, film,
different types of music,
economics, literature, and
philosophy.

(Culture of Europe, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_Europe)

Australia
Topography
• Equatorial,
tropical, desert,
and grassland climates
• Mountains
• Lake
Topography:
Physical Characteristics
• Ithas a very diverse climate structure,
including equatorial, tropical, desert and
grassland climates.
• Thehighest point of Australia is Mount
Kosciuszko in the Snowy Mountains in
Kosciuszko National Park, New South Wales.
• Thelowest point of Australia is Lake Eyre,
one of the world’s largest natural inland
drainage systems.
Climate
• Australia'sclimate varies greatly
throughout the eight states and
territories
• Thereare four seasons across most of the
country and a wet and dry season in the
tropical north

(Weather in Australia, https://www.australia.com/en/facts-and-

planning/weather-in-australia.html)
Population
25.69 million as of 2020
Natural Resources
• Wheat
• Wool
• Iron ore
• Gold
• Liquefied natural gas
• Coal
Natural Resources
• Australia
is a large exporter
of agricultural products.
• Australia
is one of the
world’s top diamond producer.
Culture
The culture of Australia is primarily a
Western culture, derived from Britain
but also influenced by the unique
geography of Australia, the cultural
input of Aboriginal, Torres Strait
Islander and other Australian people.

(Culture of Australia,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_Australia)
Antarctica
Topography
• Desert
• Plains
Topography:
Physical Characteristics
• Thecontinent is basically one
large cold desert.
• WestAntarctica is a slightly
undulating plain averaging 500-1000
m below sea level.

(The topography of Antarctica,

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10889377809388634?journalCode=tpog18)
Climate
• Antarctica is the coldest continent on
Earth.
• Theaverage temperature in the interior
throughout the year is about -57 °C, with
the minimum temperature being -90 °C during
the winter season.

(Antarctica Climate & Weather Facts,

https://www.auroraexpeditions.com.au/destination/antarctica-cruises/antarcticas-
climate)
Population
1000 to 5000, depends on the
season
Natural Resources
Possible resources include: • Cobalt
• Silver • Zinc
• Copper • Manganese lead
• Gold • Titanium
• Nickel • Uranium
• Platinum • Molybdenum
• Iron ore
• Chromium
Culture
With Antarctica lacking any
permanent residents, there is
no unique culture here.

(Antarctica - History and Culture, https://www.iexplore.com/articles/travel-

guides/antarctica/antarctica/history-and-culture)