HOSPITAL

ORGANISATION
ARATHY DARVIN
1st YEAR MHA STUDENT
 CONTENTS
♣ Introduction
♣ Uniqueness Of Hospital Organisation
♣ Principle Types Of Hospital Organisation
♣ General Principle Of Hospital Organisation
♣ Functions Of Hospital Organisation
 HOSPITAL ORGANISATION

Organisation:
 “An organisation may be defined as
identifiable aggregation of human beings
deliberately and consciously created for the
attainment of certain goals with rational co-
ordination of closely relevant activities.”
 Group of people who work together in an
organised way for a shared purpose or goal.
HOSPITAL ORGANISATION:

 Hospital is a social organisation and logical combination

of the activities of number of persons with different level
of knowledge and skills for achieving a common goal of
patient care through a hierarchy of authority and
responsibility.

 Hospital organization then would involve the

systematizing of all technical, administrative and
contingent activities and personnel so to affect
satisfaction to customers, employees and the agencies
that make it possible to operate.
UNIQUENESS OF HOSPITAL ORGANISATION
Product is service
No unity in line of Dual Authority and can’t be
command quantified

Service is
Modern technology personalised,
Provision of service
and quality control professional and
variable
highly skilled

Meet challenges
Need immediate Nature of duties
and patient
response varies
expectation
 No unity in line of command:
There will be no one line of command. It varies to each jobs /
tasks to be done in the organisation.
 Dual authority:
Hospital organisation has 2 authorities . They are:
1. Medical superiendent : hierarchical of doctors and
consultant
2. Administrative director : for the management of the rest of
the employees and functions.

 Need immediate response

It is the matter of human beings and their life and death. There
will be emergencies. So need to act fast and accordingly.
 Product is a service and can’t be quantified
We can’t measure the service of the hospital organisation . It is
intangible, but it is qualified. Service is analyzed based on the
quality of delivery outcome or through the satisfaction of the
customers.
 Service is personalised, professional and highly skilled
Service is according to the needs of the patient /customers. Each
customer will have different problems and different solutions. Even
according to the category of the customers, service varies.

 Meet challenges and patient expectation

There will be numerous challenging situations and customers will
be expecting services.
 Nature of duties varies:
Hospital organisation has medical professionals like doctors, nurses,
technicians, paramedics and other professionals like administators ,
technical staffs , receptionist etc. so it is mixed varieties of duties. Each
department will have there own set of unique duties.

 Modern technology and quality control:

Hospital need modern technologies and should be updated to it. Quality
control plays key role in delivering of services . Accreditations are
there for each level of quality.

Provison of services variable
Provision of service will be different for each
customers. They are based on the needs of the
customers.
PRINCIPLE TYPES OF HOSPITAL ORGANISATION

Line organisation

Line and Staff

organisation
Functional
organisation

Matrix organisation

Project organisation
 Line organization

 It is the simplest and oldest form of organizational structure.

 The line of authority flows vertically from top most executive to the
lowest subordinate throughout the organization.
 Where, managers have direct authority over their respective
subordinates through the chain of command.
Line and Staff Organization

Line position: a position in the direct chain of command that is

responsible for the achievement of an organization's goals
Staff position: A position intended to provide expertise, advice
and support for the line positions.
Line manager takes the decision. He /she will accept or reject
the advice.
 Functional Organisation:
 The entire organization is divided in to smaller groups or
departments such as finance, purchase, human resource etc. based
on specialized functions.
 Each department has head or executive. They will guide, direct and
control work.
Matrix Organisation:

More complex and complicated.

Combination of vertical and horizontal commanding system.
Employee will have 2 reporting authority.
 GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF HOSPITAL
ORGANISATION
 Henry Fayol, also known as the ‘father of modern management
theory’ gave a new perception of the concept of management.
 He introduced a general theory that can be applied to all levels of
management and every department. The Fayol theory is practiced by
the managers to organize and regulate the internal activities of an
organization.
 14 principles of management are used to manage an organization
and are beneficial for prediction, planning, decision-making,
organization and process management, control and coordination.
The fourteen principles of management created by Henry Fayol are
explained below.

1. Division of Work-

 The division of work improves the productivity, efficiency, accuracy

and speed of the workers.

2. Authority and Responsibility-

 These are the two key aspects of management. Authority facilitates

the management to work efficiently, and responsibility makes them
responsible for the work done under their guidance or leadership.
 Hospital has dual line of authority.
3. Discipline-
 Without discipline, nothing can be accomplished. It is the core value
for any project or any management.
 Good performance and sensible interaction make the management
job easy and comprehensive.
 Employees good conduct also builds progress in their professional
careers.

4. Unity of Command-
 This means an employee should have only one boss and follow his
command. If an employee has to follow more than one boss, there
begins a conflict of interest and can create confusion.
5. Unity of Direction-
 People engaged in the same activity should have a same or unified goal.
 which will make the work easier and achieve the set goal easily.

6. Subordination of Individual Interest-

 Employees should work unitedly towards the interest of a company
rather than personal interest. Give more priority to organizational goal
than individual goal

7. Remuneration-
 This plays an important role in motivating the workers of an
organisation. Remuneration should not be underpaid, it should be
according to an individual’s performance.
8. Centralization-
 The management or any authority responsible for the decision-
making process should be neutral.
 It depends on the size of an organization.
 should have a balance between the hierarchy and division of power

9. Scalar Chain Hierarchy-

 The hierarchy steps should be from the top to the lowest.
 Every employee should knows their immediate senior and should be
able to contact, if needed.

10. Order-
 An organisation should maintain a well-defined work order to have
an effective service.
11. Equity-
 All employees should be treated equally and respectfully.
 It’s the responsibility of a manager that no employees face
discrimination.

12. Stability of Tenure-

 An employee delivers the best if they feel secure in their
job.

13. Initiative-
 The management should support and encourage the
employees to take initiatives in an organization.
 It will help them to increase their interest and make then
worth.
14. Esprit de Corps-
 Union is strength
 Developing trust and mutual understanding will lead to a
positive outcome and work environment in hospital
organisation
FUNCTIONS OF HOSPITAL ORGANISATION

There are two types of function that are performed by the

hospital-
 Intramural: Activities confined within the walls of
organisation
 Extramural: The services which radiates outside the
hospital and to the home environment and community
INTRAMURAL FUNCTIONS

Restorative Preventive

Intramural
Functions

Research Education
 RESTORATIVE

1. Diagnostic : these comprise the inpatient service involving

medical, surgical and other specialties and special diagnostic
procedures.
2. Curative : treatment of all ailments
3. Rehabilitative : physical, mental and social rehabilitation
4. Care of emergencies : accidents as well as disease

 PREVENTIVE

1. Supervision of normal pregnancies

2. Supervision of normal growth and development of children
3. Control of communicable diseases
4. Prevention of prolonged illness
5. Health education
6. Occupational health
 Education
1. Medical undergraduates
2. Specialists and postgraduates
3. Nurses and midwives
4. Medical social workers
5. Paramedical staff
6. Community (health education)

 Research
1. Physical, psychological and social aspects of health
and disease
2. Clinical medicine
3. Hospital practices and administration
EXTRAMURAL FUNCTIONS

1. Outpatient services
2. Home care services
3. Outreach services
4. Mobile clinics
5. Day care centre
6. Night hospital
7. Medical care camps