Presentation Of

Pathanatomy
Presented By: kainat Ahsan
Group: 2(B)
Presented To: Mam Murzalieva
Topic: Effects of Covid-19 on Lungs
Context:

 Introduction
 Causes
 Symptoms
 Effects
Introduction Covid-19:

 Coronaviruse are a group of related RNA viruses that cause diseases

in mammals and birds
 COVID-19 is a respiratory disease, one that especially reaches into your respiratory tract,
which includes your lungs.
 They are called “corona” because of crown-like spikes on the surface of the virus.
Coronavirus Cases:

 There are currently 279,909,170 confirmed cases and 5,415,087 deaths from the

coronavirus COVID-19 outbreak as of December 26, 2021.
Countries cases distribution:
Newly Infected vs. Newly Recovered:
 Causes:

Symptoms including
 Fever
 cough
 Shortness of breath or trouble breathing
 Fatigue
 Chills, sometimes with shakingBody
 aches
 Headache
 A sore throat
 Congestion or a runny nose
 Loss of tasteLoss of smell
 Nausea or vomiting
 Diarrhea
 What does COVID do to lungs?
 COVID-19 can cause lung complications such as pneumonia and, in the most severe cases, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or ARDS. Sepsis, another possible
complication of COVID-19, can also cause lasting harm to the lungs and other organs.
COVID-19 Pneumonia:

 In pneumonia, the lungs become filled with fluid and inflamed, leading to breathing
difficulties. 
 For some people, breathing problems can become severe enough to require treatment at
the hospital with oxygen or even a ventilator.
 The pneumonia that COVID-19 causes tends to take hold in both lungs.
 Air sacs in the lungs fill with fluid, limiting their ability to take in oxygen and causing
shortness of breath, cough and other symptoms.
 Cont....!!!

 While most people recover from pneumonia without any lasting lung damage, the pneumonia associated
with COVID-19 can be severe.
 Even after the disease has passed, lung injury may result in breathing difficulties that might take months to
improve.
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS):

 Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a form of lung failure.

 Patients with ARDS are often unable to breath on their own and may require ventilator
support to help circulate oxygen in the body.
 ARDS can be fatal.
 People who survive ARDS and recover from COVID-19 may have lasting pulmonary
scarring.
Cont...!!!

 Covid 19 primarily infects the lungs in the affected individuals and in severe cases causes’
death due to ARDS and pneumonia.
Sepsis:

 Another possible complication of a severe case of COVID-19 is sepsis.

 Sepsis occurs when an infection reaches, and spreads through, the bloodstream, causing
tissue damage everywhere it goes.
 In sepsis, the cooperation between the organs falls apart. Entire organ systems can start to
shut down, one after another, including the lungs and heart.
 Sepsis, even when survived, can leave a patient with lasting damage to the lungs and
other organs.
Cont....!!!!
COVID-19 Complications:

 It can take time to feel better after you have pneumonia.

 You may feel more tired than usual for a while. You might also find that you
can’t exercise like you used to.
 Some people had a cough even after they recovered from COVID-19. Others had scarring
in their lungs.
 Doctors are still studying whether these effects are permanent or might heal over time.