INTRODUCTION

TO LIMIT
■ What can you say about the video?
■ What are the different terms mentioned in the video?
Learning Objectives

■ Demonstrate understanding of key concepts of limit.

■ Creating graph of the function by finding the limit of a given function
■ Illustrate the limit of a function using a table of values and the graph of the function
LIMIT

 Limits allow us to describe how the outputs of a function (usually the y or f(x) values)
behave as the inputs (x values) approach a particular value.
 The limit of a function, f(x) as x approaches c is L, where c is constant and L is a unique
real value. In symbols, it is usually written as
Limit Notation

■ The previous definition is confusing, but all it really says is that a function has a limit at
a particular value if the function doesn’t go crazy in the vicinity of that value.
■ In other words, if you only look at the x-values near the value you are trying to find a
limit for, can you graph all of the nearby y-values in a window?
■ If you can, then we use the notation:
■ lim 𝑓(𝑥) =𝐿. This means that the function approaches L as x approaches c.
x→c
One and Two Sided Limits

■ When we say that the function “approaches” a particular value, it can do so moving
from the left, or from the right.
■ Right-hand: lim f(x) the limit of f as x approaches to c from the right.
x→c+
■ Left-hand: lim f(x) the limit of f as x approaches to c from the left.
x→c-
■ To determine the limit of a given function as it approaches to a constant value, its table
of values and graph can be used. If the table of values will be utilized, see to it that the
values from the left and right of c are reflected. Be sure that the values to be chosen are
close to c.
Example

■ Example 1: Determine the lim (𝑥 2 + 3) by constructing its table of values and sketching
its graph. x→1
Table of values from the left of 𝑐 = 1
x f(x)
0.8 3.64
0.9 3.81
0.997 3.994009
0.9999 3.99980001
0.9999999 3.9999998
Table of values from the right of 𝑐 = 1
x f(x)
1. 3 4.69
1.15 4.3225
1. 007 4.014049
1.0001 4.002001
1.0000001 4.0000002
■ The tables show that as x approaches 1, f(x) approaches 4. Hence,
■ lim (𝑥 2 + 3) = 4
x→1
Solution 2: Graph

It can be seen from the graph that as values of x approach 1, the

values of f(x) approach 4. Thus, lim (𝑥 2 + 3) = 4
x→1
Application
lim 3x
x→0
x f(x)
-0.001 -0.003
-0.00001 -0.00003
-0.0000001 -0.0000003

x f(x)
0.001 0.003
0.00001 0.00003
0.0000001 0.0000003
Graph

The tables show that as x approaches 0, f(x) approaches 0. Hence

Hence, lim 3𝑥 = 0
x→0
Evaluation
Directions: Determine the limits of the following by completing
the table of values. you have only 10 mins in doing this quiz.(5
point each)
1. lim ( 𝑥 2 − 1)
x→-1

x f(x) x f(x)
-1.001 0.999
-1.00001 -0.99999
-1.0000001 -0.9999999

2. lim √2x
x→2

x f(x) x f(x)
1.999 2.001
1.99999 2.00001
1.9999999 2.0000001
Assignment
Directions: Determine the limits of the following using the table of
values and graphically. Write it in a 1 whole sheet of paper. Pass it at 12
pm tomorrow through messenger.

1. lim =
x→0

2. lim 2𝑥 2
x→1
THANK YOU