STRUCTURE AND

FUNCTION OF THE
REPRODUCTIVE
ORGANS OF SEED
PLANTS
 STRUCTURE OF A FLOWER

■ Is the part of the

shoot system
specializing in
sexual reproduction.
■ Magnoliophyta
 PARTS OF A FLOWER
■ Petals
the showy, colorful leaf-like
structures which often
attract animals or insects
for pollination.
Corolla (collective terms for
all the petals of a flower)
 PARTS OF A FLOWER
■ Sepals
Are also leaf-like usually
green and encircle the
flower stem beneath the
petals.
Calyx (collective name for
sepals of a flower)
 PARTS OF A FLOWER
■ Stamen
Is the male reproductive
structure of a flower.
It is made up of filament and
anther.
Anther and Stalk
(Filament)
 PARTS OF A FLOWER
■ Pistil/Carpel
Female structure of a
flower.
Consists of stigma, style,
ovary and ovule.
 PARTS OF A FLOWER
■ Stigma
Is the sticky or feathery surface
on which pollen grains land and
grow.
■ Style
Connects the stigma to the
ovary and the place where
pollen tube grows.
 PARTS OF A FLOWER
■ Peduncle
Is a stem, usually green,
though some peduncles
are more or less florally
colored or neutral in color,
having no particular
pigmentation.
 PARTS OF A FLOWER
■ Receptacle
The thickened part of a
stem from which the
flower organs grow.
 VARIATIONS IN FLOWER
STRUCTURES
■ Complete Flower
■ Incomplete Flower
■ Perfect Flower
■ Imperfect Flower
■ Regular Flower
■ Irregular Flower
 COMPLETE FLOWER
■Flower with all four whorls of
floral leaves.
■Gumamela (Hibiscus)
 INCOMPLETE FLOWER

■Flower with one or more

whorls of floral leaves
missing.
■Cucurbita maxima
 PERFECT FLOWER
■A flower having both stamens and
carpels.
■ A perfect flower is one in which
both male and female reproductive
structures are present
 IMPERFECT FLOWER
■A flower that bears either the stamen or
pistil.
■The flower may be staminate or pistillate.
■Monoecious
■Dioecious
 REGULAR FLOWER
■Flowers with all their flower
parts are the same in size
and shape.
■Actinomorphic
IRREGULAR FLOWER
■Flowers with different shape and size.
■have parts, the only one line can divide
the flower into equal halves that are
more or less mirror image of each other.
■Zygomorphic
 ATTACHMENT OF PETALS

1. Apopetalous Flower – petals is attached

at its based to the receptacle.
2. Gamopetalous Flower – petals are fused
at their bases forming a corolla tube.
 ARRANGEMENT OF FLORAL
PARTS
1. Whorled Flower – all floral parts in whorls
or circles on the axis of the receptacle.
2. Spiral Flower – one or more floral parts
are in spiral arrangement.
 POSITION OF THE OVARY
1. Perigynous - a flower in which the ovary is half-
interior but the bases of the stamens, petals,
and sepals develop as a floral cup around the
ovary.
2. Hypogynous- a flower in which the ovary is
superior, with the stamens, petals, and sepals
arising from a level below the base of the ovary.
 POSITION OF THE OVARY

3. Epigynous- a flower in which the ovary is

inferior, with the stamens, petal, and sepals arising
from a level above the base of the ovary.
REPRODUCTION
IN FLOWERING
PLANTS
1. Asexual Reproduction is natural
“cloning.” Parts of the plant, such as
leaves or stems, produce roots and
become an independent plant.

2. Sexual Reproduction requires fusion of

male cells in the pollen grain with female
cells in the ovule.
POLLINATION AND
FERTILIZATION
 POLLINATION
- The transfer of pollen
grains from the anther to
the stigma of a flower.
- Pollen is carried to plants
by animals, wind, gravity,
water and many other
methods.
 CROSS POLLINATION
■ The transfer of pollen from the male
reproductive organ (an anther or a male
cone) of one plant to the female
reproductive organ (a stigma or a female
cone) of another plant.
SELF POLLINATION
■ The transfer of pollen
grains from the anther
to the stigma of the
same flower or another
flower of the same
plant.