STRUCTURE OF

SENTENCE
By:
La Ode Sanu, M.Pd
 What is a SENTENCE?
SENTENCE is a group of words that contains
at least a subject and a verb/predicate and
expresses a complete thought.

Subject
SENTENCE Complement Adverb
Verb/Predicate
 SUBJECT
SUBJECT tells who or what did something.
Nouns are naming words, including name of
Noun persons, animals, plants, places, things,
substances, qualities, or ideas
SUBJECT
Pronoun Pronoun is a word that is used in place of A
NOUN.

Singular I operate computer.

Subject Computer processes the data.

SUBJECT
Plural We use computer for working.
Subject Lecturers present a presentation.

Compound Teacher and students are joining the online meeting.

Subject Ropeah and Cantropus are married.
 VERB
VERBS show ACTION or express being in relation to
the subject of a sentence.

VERB may occur as single or as phrases.

A Verb Phrase is made up of a main verb and one or

more verbs, such as following:

•I write an English letter.

•The judge has presided over many capital cases.
•I can speak English fluently.
 TYPES OF
VERB/PREDICATE

ACTION word that express an action,

VERB such as; study, drink, eat, etc
PREDICATE/
VERB
NON-ACTION VERB/ word that is used to link or
AUXILIARY VERB/ connect a subject in a
LINKING VERB. sentence.

He bought the book.

They adopt the child.
The movie is sad.
We are responsible.
 TO BE E.g.: I am handsome
(am, is, are, was
were)
He is a driver.

TO DO E.g.: I don’t drink milk.

NON-ACTION VERB / (do, does, did) Did he love you?
AUXILIARY VERB /
LINKING VERB
TO HAVE E.g.: We have written it.
(have, has, had) It has finished the game

MODALS E.g.: Would you marry me?

(can, could, will, I can help you.
would, shall, etc.
 INTRODUCTION OF BASIC
MODAL AUXILIARIES

MODAL AUXILIARIES generally express speakers’

attitudes.

MODALS can express that a speaker feels something

is necessary, advisable, permissible, possible, or
probable; they can convey the strength of those
attitudes.
 Modal
Auxiliaries

BASIC
MODALS
Phrasal
Modals
 CAN COULD

WILL WOULD

MODAL Followed by Simple

SHALL SHOULD Form of A Verb
AUXILIARIES
(Verb 1)
MAY MIGHT

MUST OUGTH TO

The only EXCEPTION is “OUGHT”, which is followed by an

infinitive (to + the simple form of a verb).

She can do it.

I could run fast ten years ago.
He will come here at 6.00
I would like an apple.
 PHRASAL MODALS are common expressions whose
meanings are similar to those of the modal auxiliaries.

For Example:
•be able to is similar to  can.
•Be going to is similar to  will.

be able to

be going to
Phrasal Followed by Simple
Form of A Verb
be supposed to
Modals (Verb 1)
have to

have got to
VERBALS
 VERBALS

VERBALS are verblike words in certain respects, but

they don’t function as verbs. They function as other
part of speech.

AN INFINITIVE

KINDS OF
A GERUND
VERBALS

A PARTICIPLE
 INFINITIVE
AN INFINITIVE is made up of the word to and a verb.

AN INFINITIVE provides information, but, unlike the

true verb; it is not tied to the subject of the sentence;
It acts as a modifier or a noun.

FOR EXAMPLES:
•His drive to succeed would serve him well.
•He wanted to get a bachelor’s degree.
•His main objective was to get a bachelor’s degree.
•I want to read romantic novel.
 GERUND
A GERUND is a verblike word ending in –ing that acts
as a noun.

E.g.:
1. Reading is my hobby.
2. I love singing.
3. My girl enjoys watching romantic film.
 PARTICIPLES

PARTICIPLE is a verblike word that usually

has an –ing or an –ed ending.
 Present The –ing form attached at the
Participle end of basic verb.

PARTICIPLES Past
The –ed form attached at the end
of basic regular verb & It also
Participle included irregular verb of past
participle.

Both PRESENT PARTICIPLE & PAST PARTICIPLE have function as

ADJECTIVE in the sentence.

FOR EXAMPELS:

The boy standing in the corner was naughty.

The card listed in the advertisement had already stalled.
THANK YOU