Jodhpur Institute of Engineering & Technology

Optical Fiber communication

Presented by :- RAJA BABU
B.TECH ( II Year, IV Sem) , CSP-II
Dept. Of Electronic & Communication Engineering
Content :-

 NTRODUCTION
 Optical fiber
 Principle and working of OFC
 Different types of fiber and their properties
 Benefits of optical fiber communication system
 Application
 Conclusion
 INTRODUCTION
 Fiber-optic communication is a method of transmitting information
from one place to another by sending pulses of infrared light
through an optical fiber. The light is a form of carrier wave that is
modulated to carry information.
OPTICAL FIBER :-
 Communication system with light as the carrier and fiber as
communication medium.
 Propagation of light in atmosphere impractical: water vapor,
oxygen, particles.
 Optical fibre is used, glass or plastic, to contain and guide light
waves
 Capacity
Microwave at 10 GHz with 10% utilization ratio: 1 GHz BW
Light at 100 Tera z (1014 ) with 10% utilization ratio:100 THz
(10,000GHz)
 PRINCIPLE AND WORKING OF OFC

Basically, a fiber optic system converts an electrical signal to

an infrared light signal. This signal is transmitted through an
optical fiber. At the end of the optical fiber, it is
reconverted into an electric signal
 Working :-
1. Encoder encodes the information in the binary sequence zeros and
ones.
A. Encoder is an electric circuit where in the information is encoded
into binary sequences of zeros and one. In the light wave transmitter
each ‘one’ corresponds to an electrical pulse and ‘zero’ corresponds to
an absence of a pulse. These electrical pulses are used to turn a light
source on and off very rapidly. The driver converts the incoming
electrical signal into a form that will operate with the light source.
2. These electrical pulses are used to turn a light source on and off
rapidly.
3. The optical fiber acts as a wave guide and transmits the optical pulses
towards the receiver, by the principle of total internal reflection.
 DIFFERENT TYPES OF FIBERS AND
THEIR PROPERTIES

 Based on fibers used in communication they are classified

into :-
1. Step index fiber
a. Single mode
b. Multimode
2. Graded index fiber
a. Multimode
 BENEFITS OF OPTICAL FIBER
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Some of the innumerable benefits of optical fiber communication
system are:
 Immense bandwidth to utilize
 Total electrical isolation in the transmission medium
 Very low transmission loss
 Small size and light weight
 High signal security
 Immunity to interference and crosstalk
 Very low power consumption and wide scope of system expansion etc.
 APPLICATION

Due to its variety of advantages optical fiber communication

system has a wide range of application in different fields
namely:
 Public network field which includes trunk networks, junction
networks, local access networks, submerged systems,
synchronous systems etc.
 Field of military applications
 Civil, consumer and industrial applications
 Field of computers which is the center of research right now .
 CONCLUSION

 Though there are some negatives of optical fiber

communication system in terms of fragility,
splicing, coupling, set up expense etc. but it is an
unavoidable fact that optical fiber has
revolutionized the field of communication. As
soon as computers will be capable of processing
optical signals, the total arena of communication
will be opticalized immediately.
THANK
YOU