CHAPTER 10

SIMPLE PAST TENSE

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Pay attention to the dialogue below!

Alice : Ellen, I went to your house yesterday. But it

seemed you were not at home. Where were
you yesterday?
Ellen : What time did you go to my house.
Alice : Around 11 am.
Ellen : Oh, I was at grandma’s house at that time.
But, my mother and myTitlefather
text were at home.
Didn’t you meet them? addition
Alice : No. I knocked the door several times. But,
no one came out.
Ellen : Really? It means they were not at home too.
Alice : I think so. And I went home back.
Function
To express an activity/event/
action that happened in the past
 yesterday
a week
ago This
morning

two Time This

days
ago signals afternoon

In 2020
last last
In 1995
In 2010
week night
Kinds of simple past tense

Nominal

Verbal
Pattern (Pola)
1. Nominal (with to be “was” ”were”
a. Positive sentence (+)
S + was / were + adj/adverb

b. Negative sentence (-)

S + was / were + not + adj/adverb

c. Interrogative sentence (?)

was / were + S + not + adj/adverb
(+) Positive sentence
I
He
She was
It
Singular Adjective/
adverb
You
They
We were
Plural

Examples:
- I was small 3 years ago.
- They were in my house last night
(+) Negative sentence
I
He
She was
It Adjective/
Singular not adverb
You
They
We were
Plural

Examples:
- I was not fat 3 years ago.
- They were not here last night
(?) Interrogative sentence
I
He
Was She
It
Singular Adjective/
adverb
You
Were They
We
Plural

Example
- Was he small 3 years ago?
Yes, he was./ No, he wasn’t
- Were they here last night?
Yes, they were. / No, they weren’t.
Let’s practice
Complete the sentences with “was” or ”were”
1. My sister ... busy some days ago.
2. I ... happy yesterday.
3. He ... thin when he was still single
4. My parents ... young 15 years ago.
5. Citra ... absent yesterday.
6. You ... been in Malang last month.
7. The weather ... Nice yesterday.
8. The road ... crowded this morning.
9. We ... late coming to his party last night.
2. Verbal (using V2)
a. Positive sentence (+)
S + V2 + O
b. Negative sentence (-)

S + did + not + V1
c. Interrogative sentence (?)

Did + S + V1
(+) Positive sentence
I
He
She
It met
Singular saw
bought Object
You cooked
They studied
We
Plural

Examples:
- I bought my daily needs three days ago.
- We studied Math yesterday.
(+) Negative sentence
I
He
She
It
Singular
did not V1
You
They
We
Plural

Examples:
- I did not buy my daily needs three days ago.
- They did not study Math yesterday.
(?) Interrogative sentence
I
He
She
It
Did Singular
V1
You
They
We
Plural

Example
- Did she buy daily needs 3 years ago?
- Were you study Math yesterday?
Contractions

was not ------------------- wasn’t

were not ------------------ weren’t
did not --------------------- didn’t
 There are two forms of verb

Regular verb Irregular verb

Regular Verbs Kata kerja beraturan
Present (V1) Past (V2)
play played
cook cooked
boil boiled
stay stayed
cook cooked
collect collected
pray prayed
study studied
try tried
fry fried
Irregular Verbs Kata kerja tidak beraturan
Present (V1) Past (V2)
is was
was were
go went
make made
read read
write wrote
see saw
sleep slept
wake up woke up
sweep swept