The

Classification of
Matter

Atoms, Elements,
Molecules and
Compounds
 PURE SUBSTANCE
Something that can not be
broken down into simpler matter
using physical methods.

There are two types of

substances…
Elements & Compounds.
ELEMENTS

 Are the simplest kind of

pure substance.

 There are ~ 118 elements,

each made of a different type
of atom (periodic table).
 Each element has a name and symbol.
COMPOUNDS

 Are pure substances that are

composed of multiple types of
elements (2 or more),
chemically bonded to one
another.

 Compounds can not be

broken down by physical
methods (they can be broken
down by chemical reactions).
COMPOUNDS

 Have definite compositions,

with element ratios indicated by
subscripts (H2O).

 We call this building block

the “water molecule”.
COMPOUNDS

 The properties of compounds

are very different from the
properties of the elements that
make them up!
Na + Cl  NaCl
 MIXTURES
A mixture is something that CAN be broken
down into simpler materials using
physical methods.

There are 3 possible types of mixtures:

1) Element + Another Element
2) Compound + Another Compound
3) Element + Compound
 MIXTURES
There are 2 main types of mixtures:

a) Homogeneous- The parts are distributed

evenly.
Examples: Salt water; syrup; air; brass.
 MIXTURES
Homogeneous mixtures of liquids are called
solutions.

Homogeneous mixtures of metallic atoms

are called alloys.
b) Heterogeneous- The parts are distributed
unevenly.
Examples: Spaghetti and Meatballs;
Water + Oil mixture.
 Matter Flowchart

MATTER
yes Can it be physically
no
separated?

MIXTURE PURE SUBSTANCE

yes Is the composition no yes Can it be chemically no

uniform? decomposed?

Homogeneous Heterogeneous
Mixture Mixture Compound Element

Solutions +
Alloys
PHYSICAL CHANGE
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