CHAPTER 14

Risk Management and

Worker Protection

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 Chapter Objectives

After you have read this chapter, you should be able to:
• Identify the components of risk management.
• Discuss three legal areas affecting safety and health.
• Identify the basic provisions of the Occupational Safety and Health
Act of 1970 and recordkeeping and inspection requirements.
• Discuss the activities that constitute effective safety management.
• List three workplace health issues and how employers are
responding to them.
• Explain workplace violence as a security issue and describe some
components of an effective security program.
• Describe the nature and importance of disaster preparation and
recovery planning for HR.

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 Effective Risk Management
• Risk Management
 Involves responsibilities to consider physical, human,
and financial factors to protect organizational and
individual interests.

Focus of Risk Management

Health Safety Security

(Individual) (Physical) (Organizational)

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 Risk Management

Preventing
accidents and health
problems at work

Preparing for Planning for

natural disasters terrorism attack
Risk
Management
Concerns
Anticipating global Protecting against
disease outbreaks workplace violence

Ensuring HR data
are secure

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 FIGURE 14–1 Hidden Costs of Accidents

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 Risk Management

Size and location

of organizations

Involvement and Industry

capabilities of HR characteristics
professionals and demands
Factors
Affecting
Risk
Strategic priorities Management Geographic and
of each global location
organization factors

Government-
mandated programs
and requirements

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 Global Health, Safety, and Security

Health and Safety in

High-Risk International
Environments

International
International Security Kidnapping and Other
Emergency Health
and Terrorism Acts of Violence
Services

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 Legal Requirements for Safety and Health

Major Legal Areas

Americans with
Workers’ Child Labor
Disabilities Act
Compensation Laws
and Safety Issues

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 FIGURE 14–2 Sample of Worker’s Comp Covered Injuries

Source: Adapted from Nicole Nestoriak and Brooks Pierce, “Comparing Workers Compensation
Claims with Establishments Responses to the 5011,” Monthly Labor Review, May 2009, 63.

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 FIGURE 14–3 Selected Child Labor Hazardous Occupations
(minimum age: 18 years)

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 Occupational Safety and Health Act
• Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970
 Passed to assure safe and healthful working
conditions.
 Occupational Safety and Health Administration
(OSHA) administers provisions of the Act.
 OSHA Enforcement Standards regulate equipment
and working environments:
 The “general duty” of employers to provide safe
and healthy working conditions.
 Notification and posters are required of employers
to inform employees of OSHA’s safety and health
standards.
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 FIGURE 14–4 Distribution of Nonfatal Occupational Injuries versus
Illnesses by Private Industry Sector, 2008

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 Occupational Safety and Health Act (cont’d)

Hazard Communication

Bloodborne Pathogens

OSHA
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Enforcement
Standards

Cumulative Stress Disorders

Work Assignments

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 Occupational Safety and Health Act (cont’d)
Work Assignments and OSHA:
Employer Obligations and Employee Rights

Reproductive Health Refusing Unsafe Work

• Maintain safe workplace by seeking • The employee’s fear is objectively

safest working methods. reasonable.
• Comply with state and federal • The employee has tried to have
safety laws. the dangerous condition corrected.
• Inform employees of known risks. • Using normal procedures to solve
• Document employee acceptance the problem has not worked.
of any risks.

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 OSHA Recordkeeping Requirements

Types of
Injuries

Injury- or Lost-time
Medical care Minor
illness-related or disability
injuries injuries
death injuries

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 FIGURE 14–5

Guide to Recordability
of Cases under the
Occupational Safety
and Health Act

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 OSHA Inspections
• On-the-Spot Inspections • Citations and Violations
 Compliance officers  Imminent danger
 Marshall v. Barlow’s, Inc.  Serious

• Dealing with an Inspection  Other than serious

 Check credentials  De minimis

 Opening conference  Willful and repeated

 Safety record check

 On-the-spot inspection

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 FIGURE 14–6 Typical Division of HR Responsibilities:
Health, Safety, and Security

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 Safety Management
Organizational Safety Policies,
Commitment and Discipline, and
a Safety Culture Recordkeeping

Managing
Safety
Effectively

Safety Planning Safety Training

through and
Safety Committees Communication

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 Safety Management

Organizational commitment

Policies, discipline, and

recordkeeping

Effective
Training and communication Safety
Management
Participation
(safety committees)

Inspection, investigation,
and evaluation

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 FIGURE 14–7 Approaches to Effective Safety Management

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 FIGURE 14–8 Phases of Accident Investigation

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 Inspection, Investigation, and Evaluation

Measuring
Safety
Efforts

Illness/Injuries Incident Rate

Accident Worker
by Areas, and
and Injury Compensation
Shifts, and Benchmark
Statistics Costs
Jobs Comparisons

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 Substance Abuse
• Substance Abuse
 Use of illicit substances or misuse of controlled
substances, alcohol, or other drugs.
• Types of Drug Tests
 Urinalysis
 Radioimmunoassay of hair
 Surface swiping
 Fitness-for-duty tests (impairment)
• Handling Substance Abuse Cases
 ADA does not protect current users of illegal drugs.
 Addiction to legal drugs is considered a disability.
 Use of the firm-choice option

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 FIGURE 14–9 Common Signs of Substance Abuse

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 Other Employee Health Concerns

Employee Health

Emotional/Mental Health and Smoking

Health Older Employees at Work

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 Health Promotion
• Health Promotion
 A supportive approach of facilitating and encouraging
healthy actions and lifestyles among employees.
• Wellness Programs
 Programs designed to maintain or improve employee
health before problems arise.
• Employee Assistance Program (EAP)
 A program that provides counseling and other help to
employees having emotional, physical, or other
personal problems.

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 FIGURE 14–10 Health Promotion Levels

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 Security Concerns at Work

Security
Concerns

Employee
Workplace Security Security
Screening and
Violence Management Personnel
Selection

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 Workplace Violence

Workplace Violence Issues

Workplace Training in Post-Violence

Violence Detection and Management
Warning Signs Prevention Responses

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 FIGURE 14–11 Profile of a Potentially Violent Employee

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 Security Management

Security Audit

Security
Management Controlled Access
Programs

Computer Security

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 FIGURE 14–12 Disaster Planning Components

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 Disaster Preparation And Recovery Planning

First Aid/CPR

Hazardous Materials
Containment

Disaster
Disaster Escape Means Training
Topics

Employee Contact Methods

Organizational Restoration
Efforts

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