1.

1 PHYSICAL QUANTITIES
In early civilizations, man
used simple observations
like the position of stars
and the occurrence of day
and night to tell time.
The earliest instruments used for measuring time were the
sundial, the hourglass and the water clock
Other than time, these ancient people
realised the importance of measuring
lengths or distances in their daily lives.
 Which taste better?
Nasi lemak or roti
canai?

Can we measure taste? Can we measure beauty?

What is the boy’s
There is thing than can be measured and cannot be
temperature?
measured.
37⁰C?
There is thing that can be measured ie temperature and cannot
be measured ie taste and beauty.

PHYSICAL QUANTITY is a quantity

that can be measured or calculated
on an object or phenomena

Weight of a book – weight is the Angle of refraction – angle is the

physics quantity and book is the quantity and refraction is the
object. phenomenon.
 What are physical quantities
related to this car..?

In learning physics, we need to

carry out investigation. We
gather information through
observation and taking
measurements.
 PHYSICAL QUANTITIES

Every physical quantity has its own unit.

Length of a book = 20 cm Speed of car = 90 km/jam

Physical quantity unit Physical quantity

unit
Magnitude
Numerical value Magnitude
Numerical value
Thickness,
mass

Area, Volume
 KUANTITI FIZIK Kuantiti yang boleh diukur
PHYSICAL QUANTITY Quantity that can be measured

KUANTITI ASAS KUANTITI TERBITAN

BASE QUANTITY
Kuantiti fizik yang tidak dapat
ditakrifkan dalam sebutan
kuantiti-kuantiti fizik yang lain
Base quantity are quantities
that cannot be defined in terms
of other base quantities.
DERIVED QUANTITY
Kuantiti fizik dihasilkan daripada kuantiti-
kuantiti asas secara pendaraban atau
pembahagian atau gabungan kedua-duanya.
Derived quantity is one which is obtained by
combining base quantities by multiplication,
division or both these operations.
 Based quantity Measuring instrument SI unit
Length , l Metre ruler meter, m
Mass, m Triple beam balance Kilogram, kg
Time, t Stop watch Saat, s
Electric current, I Ammeter Ampere, A
Temperature, T Thermometer Kelvin, K
Luminious Candela, cd
Intensity, l
Amount of mole
substance, n
Describing Derived Quantities in Terms of Base Quantities and
S.I Base Units
What does the speedometer indicate?

It indicates the speed of the car is 80 km/hr

How can we calculate the speed of the car?

Use formula:
Speed = distance = 80 km
time 1 hr
= 80 km/hr
The physical quantity of speed is derived from 2
base quantities: distance and time

Speed is a DERIVED QUANTITY

 Length = 30.0 cm width = 22.0 cm thickness = 3.0 cm

How can we determine the area dan volume of the book?

Area = length x width

= 30.0 cm x 22. 0 cm
= 660 cm x cm = 660 cm2

Volume = length x width x thickness

= 30.0 cm x 22. 0 cm x 3.0 cm
= 1980 cm x cm x cm
= 1980 cm3 Area & Volume:
DERIVED QUANTITY
m x m = m2 kg ms-1

m x m x m = m3 ms-1 = ms-2
s

Kg = kgm-3
kg ms-2 = Newton = N
m3

m = ms-1 N = N m-2 = Pascal = Pa

s m2
Nm = Joule = J

J = J s-1 = Watt = W
s
F = kx
k = F/x
== N/m = N m-1
 Kuantiti Skalar dan
Kuantiti Vektor

Rajah menunjukkan dua

situasi semasa Pendidikan
Jasmani. Dalam kedua-
dua situasi tersebut, guru
mengarahkan murid-murid
berlari sejauh 50 m.
Apakah perbezaan antara
situasi 1 dan situasi 2?
The instruction is clearer
because DIRECTION are
given.
 KUANTITI FIZIK Kuantiti yang boleh diukur
PHYSICAL QUANTITY Quantity that can be measured

KUANTITI SKALAR KUANTITI VEKTOR

SCALAR QUANTITY VECTOR QUANTITY
Kuantiti fizik yang mempunyai Kuantiti fizik yang mempunyai magnitud dan
magnitud sahaja. arah.
Physical quantity which has Physical quantity which has both magnitude
magnitude only and direction
√

√ √

√ √

√
distance displacement
mass weight
temperature velocity
time acceleration
speed
power momentum
area force
pressure