• Political Science Notes

• Prepared by :Maaz Ur Rahman PSP

 Reasons of Constitution
delaying
• Demise of The Founding Fathers
• The Controversy Between Provincial
Autonomy and a Strong Centre
1. Federal list -66 subjects
2. Provincial list -48 subjects
3. Concurrent list
4. Residuary powers neither with Centre nor
provinces but governor decide
• Adaptation of Objective Resolution
• Anti –Ahmadiya Movement and imposition of
Martial Law
• Dissolution of First Constituent Assembly
• The issue of National Language
• Doctrine of law of Necessity
• The Issue of Electorate –joint or separate
 The Constitution of 1956
• Written Constitution --Articles – 234
• Existence of Islamic provisions
• Protection Fundamental Rights
• Federal state
• Directive principles of state policy
1. Islamic way of life
2. Peace within and peace without
3. Eliminate riba
4. Abolition of illiteracy –minority rights ,women ,children
• Parliamentary form of Government- both at
Centre and Provinces
• Unicameral legislature –consist of the
President and the National Assembly -300
members half from East and half from West
Pakistan –joint electorate ,voting age 21,
member age 25
• Division of Powers – provincial autonomy
granted
• Independence of Judiciary– had powers to
issue writs
• Ministerial responsibility
 Failures
• Issue of electorate
• Lack of leadership and organized parties
• Feudalism was not abolished
• Unicameral legislature
 The Constitution of 1962
• Written Constitution -250
• Presidential Form of Government – indirect election
through local government institutions by electoral
college of 80,000 electors ,strong executive ,powerful
as clock-tower of Faisalabad where all bazaars are
converged ,Muslim ,35 years age ,candidates selected
by NA ,5 years ,two term
• Impeachment by NA three-fourths
• Executive authority ,appointments of
governors ,judges ,auditor-general , CEC,
• Select Council of Ministers –Cabinet
• Integral part of legislature – dissolve NA but
he also quit ,dispute over dissolution then
referendum ,veto power ,promulgate
ordinances , control over budget ,emergency
powers ,
• Centralized Federal System --one list of
subjects of national importance 49,all other
subjects to provinces but centre overriding
powers
• Unicameral Central Legislature -156 including
6 reserve seats for women
• Governors and Provincial legislature – under
president control
• Independence of Judiciary – president appoint
Supreme Judicial Council

• Islamic Provisions – the word Islamic was

dropped ,Republic of Pakistan
• Establishment of Electoral College – basic
democracy , indirect elections
• Council of Common Interest
 Failures
• Constitution given by one man – framed to legalize non-
representative government
• Absence of checks and balances
• Indirect elections – of president , members of NA and
provincial assemblies
• Absence of Provincial Autonomy
• Presidential dictatorship
• Negation of Islamic Ideology
• 1965 war
• Exclusion of Political Parties
 The Constitution of 1973
• Written Constitution – 280 articles
• Protection of Fundamental Rights
• Principles of Policy
• Parliamentary Form of Government
• Federal System
• Bicameral legislature
• Islamic provisions
• Independence of Judiciary
• Division of powers
• Emergency Provisions