Fire Safety Education

NST001 AY-2022

SFO3 ALLAN P PABELIC,

PhD
 What is being a Firefighter is all about?

 Practically everything that firefighters does… is

that we are constantly reminded that the Fire
Service is responsible to a community for adequate
protection of life and property. This protection has
a broad coverage to include hazards from fire,
explosives, faulty construction, dangerous articles,
storms, and earthquake and from other occurrence
that seriously disrupt normal life conditions.
UNDERSTANDING THE NATURE
AND CHARACTERISTIC OF FIRE
 FACTS
 Fire is both helpful and destructive to human
kind. Controlled, it provides warmth and
cooks food.
 Uncontrolled, it causes death, destruction,
and economic disaster.
 Fast A F I R E I S…
 Fire doubles every 30 seconds under normal conditions.
 In as little as 3 minutes, a small fire can erupt into a flashover.
 Dark
 A small fire can produce enough smoke to fill a building in minute. (results in a teary eyes, choking
sensation, impaired judgement due to CO, etc.)
 Hot
 Within minutes, air temperature in a burning groom can reach 300 degrees Celsius. This temperature
is hot enough to melt clothes and skin and scorch lungs in one breath.
 Temperature can climb to 650 to 760 degrees Celsius.
 Deadly
 Most people died in fires died of suffocation by inhaling smoke and toxic gases
 Carbon oxide, hydrogen cyanide, ammonia and hundreds of other irritants attack eyes, nose, throat
and lungs.
 They numb the senses and leave one dazed.
Learn the dynamics in extinguishing FIRE…
 …by Understanding The Nature &
Characteristic of Fire
 You will have the ability to contain incipient fire
by knowing the Triangle of Fire or Fire
Tetrahedron
 Fire is extinguished by limiting or
interrupting one or more of the essential
elements in the combustion process (fire
tetrahedron).
OXYGEN
TEMPERATURE

FUEL
UNINHIBITED CHAIN
REACTION OF COMBUSTION
PROCESS
 A fire may be extinguished by reducing its
temperature, eliminating available fuel or oxygen, or
stopping the self-sustained chemical chain reaction.
 TEMPERATURE REDUCTION

One of the most common methods of

extinguishment is cooling, using water. This
process reduce the temperature of a fuel to a
point where it does not produce sufficient vapor
to burn.
 TEMPERATURE REDUCTION

The use of water for cooling is also the most

effective method available for the extinguishment of
smoldering fires.
To extinguish afire by reducing its temperature,
enough water must be applied to the burning fuel to
absorb the heat being generated by combustion.
 FUEL REMOVAL

Removing the fuel source effectively

extinguishes some fires.

The fuel source may be removed by stopping the

flow of liquid or gaseous fuel or by removing solid fuel
in the path of a fire.
 FUEL REMOVAL

Another method of fuel removal is to allow a fire

to burn until all fuel is consumed.
 OXYGEN EXCLUSION

Reducing the oxygen available to the combustion

process reduces a fire's growth and may totally
extinguish it over time.

In its simplest form, this method is used to

extinguish cooking stove fires when a cover is placed
over a pan of burning food.
 OXYGEN EXCLUSION

The oxygen content can be reduced by flooding

an area with an inert gas such as carbon dioxide, which
displaces the oxygen and disrupts the combustion
process.
 OXYGEN EXCLUSION

Oxygen can also be separated from fuel by

blanketing the fuel with foam.

Of course, neither of these methods works on

those rare fuels that are self-oxidizing.
 CHEMICAL FLAME INHIBITION

Extinguishing agents such as some dry chemicals

and halogenated agents (halons) interrupt the
combustion reaction and stop flaming.

This method of extinguishment is effective on

gas and liquid fuels because they must flame to burn.
Stages of Fire
 Incipient Stage- There is no visible smoke
 Smoldering Stage- There is smoke but no flame

 Flame Stage- actual fire exist and heats builds up

 Heat Stage- There is uncontrolled spread of superheated

air
Heat Transfer
 Video Presentations
 The Power of Fire
 Flashover and Pyrolysis
 Classes of Fire
 Uses and Application of Fire Extinguisher
 https://www.facebook.com/NazarethFireStatio
nCofd/videos/777288259733665
Fire Prevention Tips
BEFORE IT’S TOO LATE….
Fire Escape Plan
If Caught Inside the Burning
Building
In Places of Assembly, like Mall, etc. and Hotels
 Never leave a warm or hot iron
unattended. An unattended iron
that is on will scorch fabric and
may cause a fire.
Never leave food on a stove or in an
oven unattended. Keep cooking
areas free of flammable objects such
as potholders, towels and curtains.
 Never disable or remove the battery
from a smoke alarm. Frequently test
smoke alarms and make sure that you
replace batteries regularly.
 Burning candles should never
be left unattended. Keep
flammable items like fabric and
paper away from candles.
 Store gasoline, newspapers
and other combustibles away
from sources of flame.
Keep air conditioning unit on a
level surface away from fabric
and other flammable items.
 Video Presentation
 Cooking Fires
 OLP on Yuletide Season
 https://www.facebook.com/NazarethFireStatio
nCofd/videos/783713282424496
 Your ability to prevent fire will save
lives and properties…..
Use this: Fire preventive measures

Zero Accident Program

 Remove accumulations of waste materials that are fire hazards to the premises.
 Store flammable liquids such as gasoline, kerosene, alcohol, turpentine, fuel oil,
etc, in separate, well-ventilated room which is kept clean and free of rubbish or oil
drippings.
 Avoid misuse of electricity, the second most frequent cause of fire. Do not permit
temporary or makeshift wiring. Extension cords should not be used as a substitute
for fixed wiring installations. The covers of fuses and switch should always be kept
closed.
 Keep away decorations in windows and in store displays from light bulbs and other
sources of heat. If some displays use electricity, be sure the electricity is properly
connected and that cords, motors and equipments are in good condition.
 All exits in every floor of the building should be plainly marked.
Never permit the obstruction of any aisle or exit.
 Be sure that the basic fire safety needs of the particular type of
occupancy, from fire extinguishers to automatic sprinklers,
standpipes and fire alarm systems, are serviceable and in top
condition.
 Make it possible that all occupants know the basic use and
important features of all active and passive fire safety installation
in the building i.e. Egress, Signage's, Emergency Lighting System,
Fire Alarm System, Fire Fighting Equipment's.
 Fire Activities & Services

 Implementations of RA 9514 of 2008 and its RIRR of 2019

 Issuances of:
 FSEC for Building
 FSIC for Occupancy Permit

 FSIC for Business Permit

 Fire Safety Installation clearances for Installation permit

 Storage clearance and conveyance clearance

Clearances for Fireworks display, fogging,etc.

 Imposition of Administrative fine or penalty, and closures or stoppage of business
operations
 Video Presentation
 Rosenbauer Fire Trucks
 FirePrevention is the best way
to fight a Fire, since time
immemorial…