Duration: 45 min nursing Grade: 11 CCSS, NGSS

Management of blood, body

fluid and chemical spills
Prepared by : Eissa Alareify
 Objectives

•Identify spill kit

•Identify Material Safety Data Sheet.
•Understood QNH Policy Fr 1111111111111
•Spill kit management.
•Spill kit responsibility.

Keywords

Spill kit , PPE , PIM , hazard , MSDS

 Introduction

What is the statement of purpose to manage of blood, body

fluid and chemical spills ?
• To provide guidelines on how to manage blood and body
fluid spills.
• To protect healthcare workers, patients and visitors from
unnecessary exposures to blood borne pathogens and other
potentially infectious body fluids.
 Definitions

 Spill kit: a set of equipment available to safety and effectively clean-up spills of blood or Other
Potentially Infectious Material (OPIM) which shall be supplied by the institution to all areas where
employees may be anticipated to come into contact with blood or OPIM.

 Potentially Infectious Material (PIM) includes, blood, semen, vaginal secretions, cerebrospinal fluid,
synovial fluid, pleural fluid, pericardial fluid , amniotic fluid, saliva in dental procedure, any fluid
visibly contaminated with blood and all body fluids in situations where it is difficult or impossible to
differentiate between body fluids, organ or other tissues any unfixed tissue or organ ( other than
intact skin) from human (living or dead).
 Spill kit

 This kit must include the following:

 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): gown, gloves, eyewear, mask, forcep, plastic scoop, absorbent
material, and yellow bags.

 Sharps container and approved hospital disinfectant (bleach) .

Policy to manage blood spill

When an infectious/medical waste spill has been identified, perform the following
steps:

1. Control access to area .

2. Contain the spill with paper towels or other absorbent materials.
3. Contact housekeeping to disinfect the area.

Policy Number: APP-IPS-019

 Procedure

1. Control access to area prevent people from walking through affected area and spreading the blood or
other potentially infectious material to other areas.
 Put on appropriate PPE.
 Use forceps , plastic scoop or other mechanical means to to remove any broken glass or other sharp
objects from the spill area .
 Never pick up sharps with your hands.
 Take care not to create aerosols.
 Place sharp objects carefully in sharps container.
 Cont. Procedure

2. Contain the spill with paper towels or other absorbent materials (sand).
• Apply the appropriate disinfectant. To avoid creating aerosols, never spray
disinfectant directly onto the spilled material, instead , gently pour disinfectant on
top of paper towels covering the spill or gently flood the affected area, first around
the perimeter of the spill, then working slowly toward the spilled material. If
sodium hypochlorite solution ( 5.25% household chlorine bleach)
• Is used , prepare a fresh solution on a daily basis.
• Leave for the recommended contact time.
• Pick up all absorbent material and carefully place in a yellow bag for disposal.
• Remove PPE and place in a yellow bag for disposal.
• Seal the yellow bag.
3. Contact housekeeping to clean the affected area with hospital-approved
disinfectant.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ijCeqpL_7hM
 Control Chemical Spill

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) : is defined as an information data sheet for
specific chemicals regarding their use, associated hazards with their risk levels,
personal protective equipment to use , procedure to clean up spills and
guidelines to face exposure risks, etc.
 Policy

 It is the policy of hospital to ensure that

hazardous chemical will be handled and treated
as specified in the MSDS.

 The MSDS will be kept in an easy accessible

place for all staff at all time. All aspects of safe
treatment and handling will be closely followed.

 Policy number : APP-FMS-023

 Procedures

 Each department shall keep an inventory of the available hazardous

material available and give a copy to the hazardous material officer.
 All staff dealing with chemicals are requested to follow safe handling of
chemicals and to use PPE as needed.
 A copy of MSDS shall be easy accessible to staff to reach whenever
needed which is going to be understood beforehand.
 The information located on MSDS should complete. Information is
based on a substance’s hazardous components, the chemical
identification and the common names.
 Cont. Procedures

 Identify , as Shown on the Label or List:

• Manufacturer’s name, address and phone number
• Emergency phone number for assistance.
• Phone number to call for more information.
• The date the substance was prepared.
• The signature of the preparer.

 Hazardous Ingredients/Identify Information:

• Substance’s hazardous components.
• Chemical identification and common names
• Other recommended safe exposure limits.
Physical /chemical characteristic:

• The following characteristics will be listed, including but not limited to:
1. Boiling point and/or melting point to indicate at what point this
substance may change from a liquid to a breathable gas.
2. Evaporation rates and/or vapor density is important for toxic gases,
flammable substances and vapors that could be inhaled.
3. The specific gravity of the substance and its solubility in water. Will the
substance sink, float or mix with water.
4. What the normal odor or appearance of the substance.
Fire and explosive hazard data:

• The flash point of the substance . At what temperature the substance

becomes flammable or has explosive vapors.
• The type of fire extinguishing media to be used in the event of a fire.
• Any unusual fire and/ or explosion hazards.
 Reactivity data:

• Stability : is the substance stable or not and what conditions to avoid

which will eliminate the possibility of changing this state.
• Incompatibility : what substance to avoid mixing it with. Will something
as water or some other substance cause an explosive result? Will
something as simple as exposure to air cause a dangerous condition to
exist?
 Health hazard data:

• The substance may enter to human body by inhaling, swallowing or

through the skin .
• What could happen if you are exposed to the substance in a harmful
way?
• Will the effects of the contact show up immediately (acute) or will the
chemical take time to show any effects ( chronic)?
• Will the chemical give symptoms such as dizziness, nausea, rashes,
headache or dermatitis?
• Will the chemical affect an existing condition such as asthma or is the
substance believed to be a carcinogen?
• Fire aid procedures are given in this section to follow until definitive
medical care is obtained.
Precaution For Safe Handling and Use

• What should be done if chemical is released or a spill occurs.

• Precaution to be taken in the handling and storing of the substance.
• Method of waste disposal.
 Control measures:

• The type of respiratory protection required for protection from the

substance, if applicable.
• What type of gloves to wear if needed and the need for eye protection ,if
recommended ?
• What other type of protective clothing are recommended.
• What hygienic work habits should be utilized?
 How to read MSDS:

• A MSDS supplies the user detailed information on a chemical and its

hazards.
• It will list the following information on the sheet (if applicable to the
product)
 Product name
 Chemical name
 Formula(……..)
 Trade name
 Appearance/odor
 Hazardous ingredients
 Physical and chemical characteristics (fire and explosion data)
 Physical hazards
 Health hazards ( including acute and chronic health effects and any other related information)
 Primary routs of entry
 How to read MSDS:

 Exposure limits
 Emergency and first aid procedures
 Special protection information
 Special precaution and spill/leak procedures.
 Applicable control measures including engineering controls.
 Preparation date of MSDS and responsible party for MSDS.
 Responsibility

 The hospital staff in charge of the area where spill happened.

 The nursing department staff
 Security department staff
 Housekeeping staff
 Medical waste management staff.
conclusion
 REFERANCES

 Model Plans and Programs for the OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens and
Hazard Communications Standard: 3186-06N2003
 Ministry of Health Guidelines: Cleaning and Disinfecting Blood and Body
fluids spill 2009.
 GCC infection control manual 3rd Edition 2018.
 CBAHI 3rd Edition.
 JCI 7th Edition.