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Frequency Hopping: 1 © Nokia Filenams - PPT/ Date / NN
Frequency Hopping: 1 © Nokia Filenams - PPT/ Date / NN
F1
F2
F3
Time
Mobile station
Base station
distance
-70
-110
F1
F2
F3
MS Location Distance
Bursts sent on frequency F2 are degraded or lost, but the initial signal may
still be reconstructed from the bursts on frequencies F1 and F3.
F1 F1
F3 F1
F1
F2 average
F2 F3 F2 F3
F2 F
3
Serving carrier
worst interference
interference margin
average
strongest
interference
average
weakest
interference
RF-FH
TRX-2 BCCH
Dig. RF
Baseband Hopping
TRX-1 BCCH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 f1
TRX-2 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 f2
TRX-3 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 f3
TRX-4 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 f4
Timeslot 0 of TRXs 2-4 hop over MA(f2,f3,f4). All timeslots 1-7 hop over MA(f1,f2,f3,f4).
This hopping group uses HSN-1 This hopping group uses HSN-2
TRX-1 / f1
TRX-2 / f2
TRX-3 / f3
MAI :
TCH-1 (MAIO 0) 0 2 0 1 2
TCH-2 (MAIO 1) 1 0 1 2 0
TCH-3 (MAIO 2) 2 1 2 0 1
TRX-2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TRX-4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
MAIOs have to
be different for
HSN-1 different TRXs
within the same
hopping group
-> no collisions.
TRX-1
TRX-2
MAI / freq. :
TCH-1 (MAIO 0) 0 / f1 2 / f3 0 / f1 1 / f2 2 / f3
TCH-2 (MAIO 1) 1 / f2 0 / f1 1 / f2 2 / f3 0 / f1
TRX-2 TCH 0
0 3
TRX-3 TCH 1
f4
TRX-4 TCH 2 f5
f6
TRX-5 BCCH - f2 f7
f8
TRX-6 TCH 3 f9
(sector 2)
3 3 f10
BTS-2
TRX-9 BCCH - f3
TRX-10 TCH 6
(sector 3)
6 3
BTS-3
TRX-11 TCH 7
TRX-12 TCH 8
Operator can set the lowest Operator can also set the
MAIOs for the cells MAIO step size
MA list MA list
MA list possibly shorter -> reduced gain BCCH frequencies planned as usual
Parameter Value
MaioStep 1..62
UnderlayMaioStep 1..62
BackgroundMaioStep 1..62 / ND
BackgroundUnderlayMaioStep 1..62 / ND
6 9 3
3 3 3
1 3 1 6 1 9
2 2 2
9 3 6
Random:
• In the areas where the interference is a problem (high traffic areas)
Hard blocking
Soft blocking
TRX-1 BCCH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 f1
f1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
f2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
f3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
f4 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
f5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
FAR 1 3 4 7
Max. frequency
load 8% 30% ~40% ~70%