ETHICAL

CONSIDERATION IN
RESEARCH
MODULE 2
ETHICAL • Beneficence and nonmaleficence - the
fundamental ethical principle in research, which
CONSIDERA means “to do good” and “to do no harm to study

TION in participants”(freedom from physical and

psychological harm and exploitation)
RESEARCH
• Informed Consent - the participants must be
fully informed about the nature of research, its
purposes and potential risks and benefits
ETHICAL • Respect for human dignity
a. The right to self determinism-the right of the prospective participants
CONSIDERA to voluntarily participate or refuse to participate
b. The right to full disclosure-The researcher must explain fully to the
TION in participants the nature and purpose of the study, the right to refuse
participation, the researcher’s responsibilities and potential risks and
RESEARCH benefits
c. Anonymity and confidentiality-the researcher shall exercise prudence
in making public pronouncements on the results of the study

• Justice and fairness - study participants deserve fair and

equitable treatment before, during and after the study
period