BAKTERI PENYEBAB

GASTROENTRITIS DAN
HELICOBACTER PYLORI
OLEH :
MUHAMMAD ASAAD MAIDIN
BAGIAN MIKROBIOLOGI, FAKULTAS
KEDOKTERAN UNHAS
 Enterohemorrhagic Human carriers, Diarrhea, hemorrhagic
( EHEC, VTEC ) possibly catle colitis, hemolytic-uremic
Human carriers syndrome
Enteroadherent ( EAEC )
Human GI tract Diarrhea
Dysentery, diarrhea
Shigella dysentriae, S.
flexnery, S.boydii, S.sonnei Human GI tract
Salmonella typhi Cattle, poultry Typhoid fever, bacteremia
Salmonella enteritidis* Gastroenteritis

Vibrionaceae Human GI tract

Seawater, seafood Profuse, watery diarrhea
Vibrio cholerae Watery diarrhea
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus

Campylobacter and
Helicobacter Animals, human
carriers Diarrhea, septicemia
Campylobacter fetus, Unknown Chronic gastritis, peptic,
C.jejuni ulecer, gastric cancer
Helicobacter pylori
EAEC=enterodherent E.coli; EHEC=enterohemorrhagie; ETEC= enterotoxigenic; E.coli; G1=gastrointestinal;
VTEC= verotoxin-producing E.coli. S. enteritidis is subclassified into hundreds of serotypes
 Klebsiella pneumoniae
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Staphylococcus aureus
Anaerobic bacteria
Gastrointestinal Vibrio cholerae
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Escherichia coli
Salmonella species *
Shigella species
Campylobacter species
Helicobacter pylori
Clostridium perfringens
Clostridium difficile
Bacillus cereus
Urinary tract infections Escherichia coli
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Enterobacter species
Kl;ebsiella species
Proteus species
Table 52-1. Noninvasive Versus Invasive Diarrhea

Noninvasive Invasive ( Bacterial / Parasitic )

Stool Profuse secretory Dysentery (blood,mucus,PMN lukocytes

( Severe, watery )

Fever No Yes
Systemic No Yes
Abdominal pain Mild Severe ( carmping, tenesmus )
Site of infection Small intestine Colon

PMN = polymorphonucleaR
 Tabel 52.2 . Features of specific Types of Noninvasive Bacterial
diarrhea

Vibrio Escherichia Clostridium Bacillus Staphylococc

Cholerae coli prefringen cereus* us aureus+
s

Incubation 12 – 72 24 – 72 6 – 12 3 – 8 1 – 6
( hours )

Duration
48 – 120 24 – 48 12 – 24 12 – 24 6 – 12
( Housr )

0 + ++++ ++ ++
Abdominal
cramps
+ ± + ++ ++++
Vomitingcan be caused by performed toxin or by toxin elaborated in the intestine by proliferating bacteria
•Diarrhea
+ Diarrhea can be caused by ingestion of toxin – contaminated food
Table 52-3. Features of Specific Types of Invasive
Bacterial Diarrhea

Shigella Escherich Salmonella Yersinia

i coli enterocoliti
ca
Incubation 24 – 72 24 – 72 8 – 48 1–6
( hours )
Duartion 48 – 120 24 – 48 12 – 24 6 – 12
(hours)
Abdominal ++++ ++++ + ++
pain
Vomiting ++ + + ++
Fever ++ ++ ++++ ++
Table 52-4. Clinical and Epidemiological Features of Bacterial Food
Poisoning
Percentage Incubatio Clinical Characteristic
Cause of Reported n Period Presentation Foods
Outbreaks ( hours
)
Intoxication
Bacillus cereus 1–2 1–6 Vomiting Re-warmed fried
Clostridium 5 – 15 12 – 27 Neuromuscular rice
botolinum Paralysis Canned foods of all
types
Staphylococcus 15 – 25 2–4 Vomiting
diarrhea Metas, custrad,
aureus
Salads
Vibrio 1–2 10 24
Watery diarrhea
Shellfish
parahaemolyticus
Infections 1–2 6 – 24
Bacillus cereus Watery diarrhea
Meat, poultry,
5 – 15 9 – 15 vegetables
clostridium Watery diarrhea
Meat, poultry
perfringens 10 – 30 6 – 48
Salmonella Dysentery
Poultry, eggs, meat,
2–5 12 – 48 vegetables
Dysentery
 HELICOBACTER PYLORI
• # Spiral shaped or curved negative gram
rod similar in appearance to
campylobacters, but differ sufficiently in
certain biochemical and flagellar
characteristics.
• # Motile active
• # On media skirrow or cocolate medium,
growing with in 3-6 hari, 37’C,
• # microaerofilic.
• # Oxidase positive
• # Catalase positive
• # Strongly urease positive
(Campylobacter urease negative)
• # Flagella positive
• The environment found in the mucous
layer of the gut, a transitional zone
between the anaerobic lumen and the
oxygenated mucosa
• Size 3.5x o,6 um, with 1.5 wave lengths
and 4 to 7 sheated flagella at one end
of the organism.
• HP causes gastritis and peptic ulcer.
Infection with HP is a risk factor for
gastric carcinoma.
• Transmission : person to person
because there is clustering with in
families.
• Laboratory diagnosis:
= Gram stained smears(endoscopy or
biopsy)
=