ELECTRONICS

• “Electronics” can be defined in different ways

and words, for example;
• It is a branch of science that deals with the
flow and control of Electrons. As well as, the
way they behave in vacuums, gases and
semiconductor materials
 Electronic Components
• An electronic component is a physical unit that can
affect electrons in a desired manner

• In Electronics, the control of electrons is done by using

a variety of electronic components, for eg; resistors,
capacitors, diodes, transistors etc

• Different components have different properties,

like they can resist/carry/store/switch/manipulate
electrons
 Electronic Circuits
• Components can be connected together, in
specific ways, to construct electronic circuits

• They can be ‘integrated’ together to make

‘Integrated Circuits’, i.e I.Cs

• I.Cs can also be combined together in

particular ways to make complex circuits
 Types Of Electronics

• Electronics can be divided into two broad

categories or types

• ANALOG ELECTRONICS

• DIGITAL ELECTRONICS
 Types Of Electronic Circuits
• Based on the types of Electronics,
Circuits can also be divided into two
groups
• An electronic system may contain one of
the two types of the circuits
• Or both the types may be present in a
system
 DIFFERENCE b/w ANALOG & DIGITAL
• ANALOG ELECTRONICS :
It involves quantities(like voltage, current etc) with
continuous values.
It deals with the circuits that process signals which
may vary between max and min values.
For eg. An analog circuit may deal with a signal that may
vary from +10 V to -10 V.
DIFFERENCE b/w ANALOG & DIGITAL (contd.)

• DIGITAL ELECTRONICS:
It involves quantities with two different values.

It deals with the circuits that process signals

of only two distinct values; High & Low values

For eg, +5V and 0V etc

 Examples of Digital Circuits

Basic Circuits
• Gates
• Flip Flops
• Multiplexers
• Decoders
• Adders
• Counters
• Registers etc
Complex Circuits
• RAMs, ROMs
• Microprocessors
• Microcontrollers
• DSP
• FPGA etc
 Application of Digital Electronics
• Computers
• Communication Systems
• Military Systems
• Medical Instruments
• Industrial Process Control Systems
• Domestic Appliances
• RADARs etc