APPROACHES IN

COMMUNITY
DEVELOPMENT
 COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
•a group of people in a
community reaching a
decision to initiate a social
action process to change their
economic, social, cultural and
environmentals situation
 COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
•is the participation of people
in a mutual learning
experience ivolving
themselves, their local
resources, external change
agents and utside resources.
 COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
•a process whereby the efforts
of government are united
with those of the people to
improve the social, cultural
and economic in
communities
 CONCEPT OF COMMUNITY
DEVELOPMENT
 Become more responsible
organize and plan together
develop healty lifestyle
options
empower themselves
 CONCEPT OF COMMUNITY
DEVELOPMENT
 reduce poverty and suffering
create employment and
economic oppurtunities
achieve social, economic,
cultural and environmental goals
 KEY QUALITIES OF
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
It is always
purposive
it's purpose is
 KEY QUALITIES OF
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
•it exists in the efforts of
people and not necessarily
in goal achievement
•it is structure-oriented
DEVELOPMENT
“IN” vs. “OF” THE
COMMUNITY
 REASONS FOR COMMUNITY
DEVELOPMENT
 Expand participation
reaction against some proposed
change in the local area that is
deemed as having negative
consequences on rsidents quality
of life
 REASONS FOR COMMUNITY
DEVELOPMENT
 MOdify severe
social,economic, or
environmental problems in the
community
satisfy missing needs or
 APPROACHES
TO COMMUNITY
DEVELOPMENT
 TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
 Usually involve the delivery of
programs of services to a local
area by some agency or
oganization
it is often a “top-down” approach
that involves the use of experts
 TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
 Assumes that
answers to community
problems can be
arrived at scientifically
 PROBLEM WITH THIS
APPROACH
 Local community
participation is downplayed
due to a greater interest in
realizing efficiency rather than
access on the part of citizens
 PROBLEM WITH THIS
APPROACH
 the assisting group
does not always have
full understanding of
the community
 CONFLICT APPROACH
 A major organizing tool
is to confront those
forces seen as blocking
efforts to solve problems
 CONFLICT APPROACH
 there is a deep
suspicion of those who
have formal
community power
 CONFLICT APPROACH
 goal is to build a
poeple's organization to
allow those without
power gain it through
direct action
 CRITICISMS OF THIS
APPROACH
 Maintenance of effort
burn-out
loss of leaders
finance
 SELF-HELP APPROACH
 emphasis is on process-
people within the
community working
together to arrrive at group
decisions and taking actions
to improve their community
 SELF-HELP APPROACH
 based on the principle
that people can collaborate
in a community to provide
important needs and
services
 SELF-HELP APPROACH ALSO
INCLUDES:
 Interpersonal
relationship approach
group approach
committee approach
 WELFARE APPROACH
 This is an immediate and
spontaneous response to
ameliorate the manifestation
of poverty, especially on the
personal level
 MODERN APPROACH
Considered a national
strategy, which adopts
the western mode of
technological
development
 TRANSFORMATORY/
PARTICIPATORY APPROACH
Process of
empowering/trasforming the
poor and the oppressed sectors
of society so that they can
pursue a more just a humane
STRATEGIES OF
COMMUNITY
DEVELOPMENT
 LOCALITY DEVELOPMENT
Improvement in the well-
being of local citizens through
increased resources, facilities,
services brought about by the
active involvement of citizens
 SOCIAL ACTION
Seeks a redistribution of
power
focus is on a specific issue
advocacy activities
 SOCIAL PLANNING
Involvement needs
assessments, analysis of service
delivery mechanism, system
co-ordination and other
technical expertise
 SOCIAL REFORM
activity by ine group
on behalf of a
relatively
disadvantaged group
 COMMUNITY RELATIONS
Focus is on increasing
social integration. Often
attempts to improve the
social status of minority
populations
 SOCIAL CAPITAL FORMATION
Focus on connections
among individuals- social
networks and the norms of
reciprocity and
trustworthiness
 CAPACITY BUILDING
Capacity is the participatory
leadership, skills, resources,
knowledge and tools of individuals in
communities and organizations that
enable them to address and have
greater control over, conditions and
factors that affect their quality of life
 ASSSET-BASED
Every community has a unique
combination of assets upon which to
build it's future
starts with identifying assets rather
than needs
is internally focused and
relationship-driven
 FOOD SECURITY
 This could be agriculture-
related projects that help
people produce food, store
food, use food more
economically, or grow/produce
marketable products
 HEALTH CARE
A community development
framework is utilized to gather
and engage communities and
individuals in topics and issues
of health care particular to
their situation.
 WATER AND SANITATION
 A common development-
oriented project is helping people
with clean water. This can be done
through the development of local
sources such as gravity-fed spring
systems, well drilling, rainwater
 EDUCATION AND LITERACY
 An interesting side note is
that there seems globally to be
a positive correlation between
adult female literacy and the
overall development and health
of a community.
 MICROENTERPRISE/
MICROFINANCE
 This is a growing strategy
for many development
organizations, seen by some as
the “silver bullet” to all the
development issues of a
community
 SOURCES
https://www.slideshare.net/
madhusudhang48/approaches-strategies-
and-policies-of-cd
https://gobgr.org/5-strategies-for-
community-development/