PHYSICAL AND DYNAMIC GEOLOGY

ROCK DESCRIPTION

NAMA : ARBY DHARMA

NIM : 471421051

Geological Engineering – FMIPA

Universitas Negeri Gorontalo
 Introduction
• Background
The outer part of the earth is covered by land and sea, where the ocean is
larger than the land. However, land is part of the earth's crust that can be
observed closely, so many things can be known quickly and clearly. One
of them is the fact that the land is composed of different types of rocks
and different constituent materials and also differ in the process of
formation.
Petrology is the science that deals with rocks. Igneous rock has actually
been used by many people in everyday life, it's just that most people only
know how to use it, and few know the origin and intricacies of this
igneous rock. In simple terms igneous rock is rock that is formed from
the freezing of magma.
The classification of igneous rocks has been carried out from the past
until now, but due to the lack of agreement between petrologists in
classifying igneous rocks, some classifications are made on different
grounds. The classification of igneous rocks can be based on three main
criteria, namely based on rock genetics, based on the chemical
compounds contained and based on their mineralogy composition.
• Purpose
In general, the intent and purpose of this report is to explain what a rock
description is, accompanied by a description of the minerals according to
the structure and texture of the rock based on rock types, both Igneous
Rock and Sedimentary Rock.
The writing of this report in general aims to provide an overview of the
physical characteristics of rocks and be able to describe them as well as a
requirement for grade points for Mining Geology majors in the subject of
Understanding Rocks.
The purposes of writing this paper are as follows:
1. Adding insight and knowledge about igneous and sedimentary rocks.
2. Explain how the process of formation of igneous and sedimentary
rocks.
3. Describe the structure of igneous and sedimentary rocks.
4. Explain the clarification and determination of igneous rocks.
 Methods
The tools that must be in practice are : • I prepared the tools and materials to do
 Loupe the practicum, then I was given the first
 Ruler stone, namely igneous rock for my
 Vixal description, after the first stone was
 Comparator finished I was given a second igneous rock
 Coins for description, and then the last rock was
 Water sedimentary rock. To determine the name
 Notebooks of igneous rocks here I use a comparator
 Exam boards because I think it is easier, and for
 Tools for filling vixals sedimentary rocks I use a sedimentary
 Pens and pencils rock comparator. After that, the results of
 Photocopies of field books the description are given to the laboratory
 Nails or anchors assistant
 Discussion
• code stone S6
• Rock Type: Igneous Rock
• • Color: orange mixed with gray
• • Structure: Massive
• • Texture :
• 1. Degree of Crystallization: Holocrystalline
• 2. Degree of Granularity: Medium Phaneric
• 3. Crystal Shape: Euhedral
• 4. Relation: Panidiomorphic granular
• • Mineral Composition : plagioclase(45%), orthoclase(5%), Hornblende(15%),
pyroxene(14%), quartz(12%)
• • Rock Name : Dasit
• • Petrogenesis: Formed from the melting of the seafloor
• (classification igneous rock according to Russell B. Travis)

• Code stone S3
• Rock type: Acid igneous rock
• • Color: White, Black
• • Structure: Massive
• • Texture :
• 1. Degree of Crystallization: Holo crystalline
• 2. Degree of Granularity: Medium Phaneric
• 3. Crystal Shape: Euhedral
• 4. Relationship: Equigranular (padiomorphic granular)
• • Mineral Composition : hornblende(30%), quartz(20%), plagioclase (35%), olivine(15%)
• • Rock Name : Granite
• • Petrogenesis :Extrusive (classification igneous rock according to Russell B. Travis)
 Discussion
stone code Z13

• Color: Weathering Cream,

• Texture : 2 – 4 Granule
• Grain shape: Round
• Fabric : open
• Permeability: bad
• prostacy: ugly carbonate
• content :-
• sorting: moderately sorted
• fragment : there
• Matrix : -
• cement: carbonate
• mixture : sand and gravel
• minerals :-
• contact :-
• fossils :-
• name: conglomerate stone
wentworth classification
 Conclusion
The conclusions that I can convey from this ppt are as follows:
1. Rock is a solid material from mineral aggregates that have been solidified. Igneous rock is
rock that is formed from magma that cools and solidifies.
2. Igneous rocks are rocks that are formed from one or several minerals and are formed as a
result of freezing of magma.
3. Igneous rocks based on their genetics are extrusion rocks and intrusive rocks, namely
internal and external igneous rocks.

4. There are 4 igneous rock structures, namely cushion structure, vesicular structure, flow
structure, and joint structure.
5. Several types of igneous rocks include Diorite, Diabase, Basalt, Dunite, Perodite, Obsidian,
Granite, Granodiorite, Sienite, Andsite and Zeolite and so on.
Thanks You