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Cell Devision (Mitosis and Meiosis)
Cell Devision (Mitosis and Meiosis)
Division
Mitosis &
Meiosis
Eukaryotic Cell Cycle
– Cell grows.
– DNA is replicated.
– Mitotic cell division produces
daughter cells identical to the
parent.
– Repeat.
• Interphase (3 stages)
– DNA is not condensed
2nd – Metaphase
3rd – Anaphase
4th – Telophase
followed by
Cytokinesis
1. Prophase
chromatin condensing
nucleus
chromosomes
nucleolus
centrioles
chromosomes
spindle fibers
3. Anaphase
• sister chromatids separate
1. somatic cells
2. sex cells
(a.k.a. gametes, germline)
What is cell division of gametes called?
Meiosis
- A single germ cell divides into four unique daughter cells.
• Gametes (sperm/ova):
– Contain 22 autosomes and 1 sex
chromosome.
– Are haploid (haploid number “n” = 23
in humans).
• Q: Most cells in the body are produced through what type of cell division?
(Remember, only gametes are produced through meiosis)
Meiosis - Sex Cell (Gamete) Formation
In meiosis, there
are 2 divisions
of the nucleus:
meiosis I
&
meiosis II
Meiosis & Sexual Reproduction
Life Cycle
*
Mitosis
* *
Genetic Variation in Diploid Organisms
new gametes
from Mom from Dad offspring made by offspring
Mitosis vs. Meiosis
• 2n • 1n
• Daughter cells different
• Clone
from parent cell and from
• Same genetic each other.
information in parent
• Daughter cells have ½ the
cell and daughter cell.
number of chromosomes
• Give me another one as somatic cell.
just like the other one!
• Shuffling the genes
(Mix it up!)
Drawing and Labeling Chromosomes
Centromere
Sister Sister
Chromatid Chromatid
Unreplicated Replicated
Uncondensed Uncondensed
Chromosome Chromosome
(chromatin) (chromatin)
Drawing & Labeling Homologous Chromosomes
Unreplicated, Replicated,
Condensed, Condensed,
Homologous Chrom Homologous
osomes Chromosomes