LEGAL BASES OF

PHILIPPINE
EDUCATIONAL
SYSTEM
Reporters:
MARIGEN LUCHE
JULINA MATIGA
RODEL LODONG
KRISTINA MAE MAGLASANG
Provisions of the 1987
Constitution:

Section 1, Article XIV of the 1987 Constitution

provides that the state shall protect and promote
of all citizens to quality education at all levels and
shall take appropriate steps to make such
education accessible to all.
Section 2. The state shall:
1. Establish, maintain, and support a complete, adequate,
and integrated system of education relevant to the
needs of the people and society;
2. Establish and maintain, a system of free public
education in the elementary and high school levels;
3. Establish and maintain a system of scholarships grants,
student loan programs, subsidies, and other incentives.
“Educational Development
Decree of 1972.”
AUTHORIZING THE UNDERTAKING OF
EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS,
PROVIDING FOR THE MECHANICS OF
IMPLEMENTATION AND FINANCING THEREOF,
AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Section 2. National Development Goals:
a) To achieve and maintain an accelerating rate of
economic development and social progress:
b) To assure the maximum participation of all the people
in the attainment and enjoyment of the benefits of
such growth; and
c) To strengthen national consciousness and promote
desirable cultural values in a changing world.
Section 3. To this end, the educational
system aims to:
a) Provide for a broad general education that will assist each
individual, in the peculiar ecology of his own society, to (1)
attain his potential as a human being; (2) enhance the range
and quality of individual and group participation in the basic
functions of society; and (3) acquire the essential
educational foundation for his development into a
productive and versatile citizen:
b) To train the nation’s manpower in the middle level skill
required for national development.
c) Develop the high-level professions that will
provide leadership for the nation, advance
knowledge through research, and apply new
knowledge for improving the quality of human
life; and
d) Respond effectively to changing needs and
conditions of the nation through a system of
educational planning and evaluation
Batas Pambansa Bilang 232
AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE
ESTABLISHMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF
AN INTEGRATED SYSTEM OF EDUCATION.

“Education Act of 1982.”

Sec. 3. Declaration of Basic Policy. – It is the policy
of the State to establish and maintain a complete,
adequate and integrated system of education
relevant to the goals of national development.
1. To achieve and maintain an accelerating rate of economic
development and social progress;
2. To ensure the maximum participation of all the people in
the attainment and enjoyment of the benefits of such
growth;
3. To achieve and strengthen national unity and
consciousness and preserve, develop and promote desirable
cultural, moral and spiritual values in a changing world.
 CHAPTER I
Section 6. Definition and Coverage – “Educational
community” refers to those persons or groups of persons as
such or associated in institutions involved in organized
teaching and learning systems.
 The members and elements of the educational community:
1. “Parents” or guardians or the head of the institution or foster home

2. “Students” and “Pupils”

3. “School personnel”

4. “School”
 Section 7. Community Participation
Every educational institution shall provide for the establishment of
appropriate bodies through which the members of the educational
community may discuss relevant issues, and communicate
information and suggestions for assistance and support of the school
and for the promotion of their common interest.
 CHAPTER 2
RIGHTS
Section 8. Rights of Parents
1. The right to organize by themselves and/or with teachers for the
purpose of providing a forum for the discussion of matters relating to
the total school program, and for ensuring the full cooperation of
parents and teachers in the formulation and efficient implementation
of such programs.
2. The rights to access to any official record directly relating to the
children who are under their parental responsibility.
Section 9. Rights of Students in School

1. The right to receive, primarily through competent instruction, relevant quality education in line
with national goals and conducive to their full development as person with human dignity.
2. The right to freely chose their field of study subject to existing curricula and to continue their
course therein up to graduation.
3. The right to school guidance and counseling services for decisions and selecting the
alternatives in fields of work suited to his potentialities.
4. The right of access to his own school records, the confidentiality of which the school shall
maintain and preserve.
5. The right to the issuance of official certificate, diplomas, transcript of records, grades, transfer
credentials and other similar documents within thirty days from request.
6. The right to publish a student newspaper and similar publications, as well as the right to invite
resource persons during assemblies, symposia and other activities of similar nature.
7. The right to free expression and suggestions, and to effective channels of communication with
appropriate academic channels and administrative bodies of the school or institution.
 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7722
AN ACT CREATING THE COMMISSION ON
HIGHER EDUCATION, APPROPRIATING
FUNDS THEREFORE AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES.

“Higher Education Act of 1994.”

Sec. 2. The state shall protect, foster and promote the right
of all citizens to affordable quality education at all levels and
shall take appropriate steps to ensure that education shall be
accessible to all. The State shall likewise ensure and protect
academic freedom and shall promote its exercise and
observance for the continuing intellectual growth, the
advancement of learning and research, the development of
responsible and effective leadership, the education of high-
level and middle-level professionals and the enrichment of
our historical and cultural heritage.
State-supported institutions of higher learning
shall gear their programs to national, regional
or local development plans. Finally, all
institutions of higher learning shall exemplify
through their physical and natural
surroundings the dignity and beauty of as well
as their pride in, the intellectual and scholarly
life.
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