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Bhavika Dalvi BRM 206
Bhavika Dalvi BRM 206
BHAVIKA DALVI
SYBMS- 206
Significance of Secondary Data
1. Less expensive
2. Less time consuming
3. Less processing of data
4. Quick decisions
5. Supplements primary data
6. Less paper work
7. Large volume of data
8. No sampling errors
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LIMITATIONS OF SECONDARY DATA
1. PROBLEM OF ACCURACY
2. PROBLEM OF RELIABILITY
3. LACK OF IN-DEPTH INFORMATION
4. PROBLEM IN QUALITY DECISION MAKING
5. PROBLEM OF SPECIFIC DATA
6. UNSUITABILITY
7. PROBLEM OF BIASED INFORMATION
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METHODS OF COLLECTION OF SECONDARY DATA
1. INTERNAL SOURCES
■ PRODUCT ANALYSIS
■ CUSTOMER ANALYSIS
■ ANALYSIS OF SALES TERRITORIES
■ SALES FREQUENCY ANALYSIS
■ FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
■ STOCK TURNOVER ANALYSIS
2. EXTERNAL SOURCES
■ GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS
■ SYNDICATED SOURCES
■ GENERAL PUBLICATIONS
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2) Semantic Differential Scale
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Unit – 3
Data Analysis and Interpretation
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Data Processing
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There are 5 Stages of Data Processing are as follows :
1. Editing
2. Coding
3. Classification
4. Tabulation
5. Graphic Presentation
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1) Editing
Types of Editing
A) Field Editing
B) Central Editing
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Essentials of Editing
1. Accuracy
2. Avoid Bias
3. Consistency
4. Completeness
5. Traning the Editors
6. Relability
7. Uniformity
8. Economical
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2) Coding of Data
■ Numerical Codes
Gender
(1) Male
(2) Female
■ Alphabetical Codes
Group A
Group B
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■ Alpha – Numerical Codes
For eg:-
Q.1 Objectives
Q.1 (A) Fill ups
Q.1 (B) T/F or Match the following
Q.2 Answer the following
2(a) (8)
2(b) (7)
or
2(c) (8)
2(d) (7)
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Steps in Coding
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4) Tabulation of Data
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Guidlines & Principles of Tabulation
■ Title
■ Table Title
■ Numbering of table
■ Footnote
■ Scale of Measurement
■ Source of Data
■ Row Stub
■ Numbering of Column
■ Separation of Column
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■ Alignment of Data
■ Appoximation of Data
■ Displaying of Data
■ No empty data cells
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Guidelines for Graphic Presentation
■ Colours
■ Horizontal and vertical axis
■ Numerical Data Table
■ Title
■ Placement of variables
■ Placement of Graphs
■ Graphic forms
■ Define Target auidence
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■ Determine the message you want to communicate
■ Determine the nature of the message
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