ELECTRIC AC MOTOR

CONTENTS
• What is Electric Motor ?
• Basic working principle of electric motors.
• Types of electric Motors.
• AC Motors
1. Synchronous Motors
2. Single Phase Induction Motor
3. 3 Phase Induction Motor
• Uses and Applications of AC Motors
WHAT IS AN ELECTRIC MOTOR ??
• An electric motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical
energy into mechanical energy.
• Most electric motors operate through the interaction between the
motor's magnetic field and electric current in a wire winding to
generate force in the form of torque applied on the motor's shaft.
BASIC WORKING PRINCIPLE OF
ELECTRIC MOTORS
• Whenever a current carrying conductor comes under a magnetic field,
there will be a force acting on the conductor. The direction of this
force can be found using Fleming’s Left Hand Rule.
TYPES OF ELECTRIC
MOTORS
AC MOTORS
• An AC motor is an electric motor driven by an alternating current
 (AC).

• An AC motor has two basic electrical parts: a "stator" and a "rotor".

• AC Motors are of Two types:
1. Synchronous Motor
2. Induction Motor
 COMPONENTS OF AC MOTORS
1.Stator: The stator and the rotor are actually
electrical circuits that work like electromagnets. The
stator is the electrical part of the motor that doesn’t
move.
2.Stator Winding: Stator laminations are arranged to
form a hollow cylinder. Each slot of the stator core
receives a coil of insulated wire. An electromagnet is
formed by each group of coils and the surrounding
steel core.
3.Rotor: Within the electromagnetic circuit, the rotor
is the part that rotates. The squirrel cage rotor is the
most common type of rotor.
4.Motor Enclosure: The enclosure is made of a frame, or yoke, and
two end brackets, also called bearing housings. The stator is installed
inside the frame. The rotor sits inside the stator but separated by a
slight air gap so that they don’t have any direct physical contact with
each other.
SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR
• A synchronous electric motor is an AC electric motor in which, at
steady state, the rotation of the shaft is synchronized with the
frequency of the supply current; the rotation period is exactly equal to
an integral number of AC cycles.
CONSTRUCTION
WORKIN
G
SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION
MOTOR
• Single-phase induction motors are operates on single -phase A.C. and in
which torque is produced due to induction of electricity caused by the
alternating magnetic fields. The single-phase motors are more preferred over
a three-phase induction motor for domestic, commercial applications.
TYPES OF SINGLE PHASE AC MOTORS
CONSTRUCTION
• The main parts of a single -phase induction motor are the Stator, Rotor,
Windings.
 WORKING
• Single-phase induction motors main winding is supplied with a single -
phase A.C. current. This produces fluctuating magnetic flux around
the rotor. This means as the direction of the A.C. current changes, the
direction of the generated magnetic field changes.
3 PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR

• A 3-phase induction motor is an electromechanical energy

conversion device which converts 3-phase input electrical power
into output mechanical power.
CONSTRUCTION
WORKING
APPLICATIONS
AC Motors are used in industrial drives of water pumps, tube wells,
lathes, drills etc.
Double cage motors are used for drives of cranes, punch presses,
lathes, drills etc.
Used for drives of line shafts, lifts, pumps, mills etc.
Synchronous motors are used in compressors, paper mills, steel rolling
industry.
Single-phase motors are used in domestic electrical appliances like
washing machines refrigerators, grinders, blowers etc.
 Advantages of AC Motors

 It can be available at low cost.

 It has speed variations.
 Low maintenance cost.
 AC Motor has high power factor.
 It has reliable operations.
 Simple in design.
 Disadvantages of AC Motors

 It will create eddy currents due to the production

of a back EMF.
 Disability to operate at low speed.
 It has poor positioning control.
THANK YOU