Nano

technology
PRESENTED BY- SOWMYA NAIDU
ECM D1 (21311A1952)
CONTENTS

• Introduction to nano technology

• Why do we need nano technology
• Nano technology and its applications
• Types of nano technology
• Carbon nano tubes
• Nano technology limitations
• Future of nano technology
Introduction to nano technology
Nano technology encompasses the fabrication and application of
chemical,physical and biological systems at scales from individual
molecules or atoms to submicron dimensions, and also the
integration into these resulting nano particles into larger systems
Why do we need nano technology?
The impact of nanotechnology on the health,
wealth, and lives of people,will be at least the
equivalent of the combined influences of
microelectronics, medical imaging, computer-
aided engineering and man-made polymers
developed in this century.
Nano technology and its applications

 Electronics
Carbon nanotubes are close to replacing silicon as a material for making smaller, faster and more
efficient microchips and devices
Energy
Energy
To manufacture solar panels that double the amount of sunlight converted into electricity.
Nanotechnology also lowers costs, produces stronger and lighter wind turbines
Biomedicine
The properties of some nanomaterials make them ideal for improving early diagnosis and treatment
of neurodegenerative diseases or cancer. They are able to attack cancer cells selectively without
harming other healthy cells.
TYPES OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
The different types of nanotechnology are classified according to
how they proceed (top-down or bottom-up) and the medium in
which they work (dry or wet):

Descending (top-down)
Mechanisms and structures are miniaturised at the nanometric
scale — from one to 100 nanometres in size —. It is the most
frequent to date, especially in electronics.

Ascending (bottom-up)
You start with a nanometric structure — a molecule, for example —
and through a mounting or self-assembly process you create a
larger mechanism than the one you started with.
 Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) 
• Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are cylindrical molecules that consist of rolled-
up sheets of single-layer carbon atoms (graphene).
• CNTs can be either semiconductors or metals. 
• CNTs are very lightweight, and their density is
one-sixth of that of steel. 
• CNTs are highly chemically stable and resist virtually any chemical
impact unless they are simultaneously exposed to high temperatures
and oxygen. These advantages make CNTs ideal candidate for many
applications: electronic devices including transistors, electron-field
emitters
NanoTechnology Problems and
Limitations:
Well, all the great developments come with the
associated problems and a few of them are as follows:
Nanotechnology cannot solve all our present issues.
•There is a problem in testing a billion molecules
electronic circuit.
•The computing of nanoscale is amorphous.
•It has the “price of programmability.”
The future of nanotechnology
Nanotechnology will lead to tiny robotic submarines
navigating our bloodstream is ubiquitous, and images
like that in figure 1
Yet today’s products of nanotechnology are much
more mundane – stain-resistant trousers, better sun
creams and tennis rackets reinforced with carbon
nanotubes. There is an almost surreal gap between
what the technology is believed to promise and what
it actually delivers.
THE
END