RESEARCH (PART 2)

3. Come up with the dependent and independent variables

Variables refer to the properties or characteristics of the study of the population that you
are investigating. It is always measurable and can be manipulated during experiments.
 
In a causal relationship, variables can be classified as independent and dependent.
 
Independent variables are the predictors.0
 
Dependent variables are the outcomes.
 
4. Make a hypothesis
 
Hypothesis is a testable statement of a possible relationship existing between two variables.

Two Types of hypothesis

a. null hypothesis – (Ho) states that there is no relationship between the variables.
b. alternative hypothesis (H1 or H2) states that there is relationship between the variables. it is usually the
research hypothesis
 
Example: To determine the relationship of the self-esteem level and the overall academic
performance of Grade 10 students in Quezon City, Philippines,” the hypotheses are:
 
 
 
Ho: There is no relationship between the self-esteem level and the overall academic
performance of Grade 10 students in a high school in Quezon City, Philippines.
 
H1: There is a relationship between the self-esteem level and the overall academic
performance of Grade 10 students in a high school in Quezon City, Philippines.
5. Collecting data with proper sampling technique.
Sampling allows you to make generalization for the target population out of the findings
from the sampled population.
 
Once the proposal has been approved, collecting of data follows.
 
Data to be collected, can be classified as primary or secondary.
 
Primary data are those that have been collected for the purposes of the research itself.
Thus, if you will go to the field to do an actual survey, then the data that you will collect
are primary data.
 
Secondary data when a researcher resorted to using data that have been collected in the
past for other purposes.