Low Frequency Noise Absorber for

Industrial Applications
Imran Riyaz [ME20MTECH14017]
Thesis Guide: Dr. M Ramji
M-Tech Mechanics and Design, IIT Hyderabad

19 January 2021

IMRAN RIYAZ [ME20MTECH14017] 1

Outline of the Presentation
Motivation
Construction of The Panels
Mathematical Modelling
• Theories and methods used for calculations
• Calculating absorption coefficient and transmission loss

Experimental Setup and Results

• Experimental setup and methodology
• Comparison of Experimental and analytical results

Scope of Future Work

References

2
 Motivation for the Project
Noise Pollution is the problem that is plaguing the
modern society
 This may cause hypertension, hearing disabilities,
sleep disturbances and many other serious health
issues.
Acoustic panels absorb the sound energy and release
it in the form of heat energy.
The panel thickness should be at least .
The periodic honeycomb structure with central
membrane has good sound attenuation properties
Lightweight and structurally strong. Figure(1) Performance of Acoustic panel
Figure(2): Effect of thickness on absorption for particular
frequency

IMRAN RIYAZ [ME20MTECH14017] 3

 Acoustic panel Construction
Three layers, thin flexible membrane sandwiched
between two honeycomb core layers.
The Honeycomb layers can be rigid or flexible.
The membrane can be made of paper, aluminium,
and other flexible materials.

(a) (b)

Fig(3): perforated (a)paper and (b)aluminium membrane Fig(4): honeycomb acoustic panel

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 Missile Fairing Panel Construction
Aluminium honeycomb panel sandwiched between two CFRP composite face sheets.
In some panels there is a thermally insulating material (LDAM) on one side.
The LDAM thickness is 5 mm in some panels and 3 mm in some and in the rest there is no LDAM.
The cell size of the honeycomb structure is 9.5 mm, the thickness of the honeycomb layer is 14
mm, the thickness of face sheets is 1 mm.

Fig(5): Fairing sample with 5 mm LDAM Fig(6): Fairing sample with 3 mm LDAM Fig(7): Fairing sample with no LDAM

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 Mathematical Modelling
Transfer Matrix Method

 Transfer matrix is used to relate the pressure

and particle velocity at two points in a
component.
 We can form transfer matrix for each layers
separately.
 Multiply TM of layers sequentially to get TM
of whole system.
 Easier to add more layers, or to add more
complexities to an existing model.
 Absorption coefficient and Transmission loss
can be calculated easily. Fig(8): Transfer matrix method schematic dia.

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 Calculating Transfer Matrix of Layers
Transfer matrix of Honeycomb core

• Write the relations of velocity and pressure at

upstream and downstream of periodic layers.
• Boundary conditions:

Where, Is the area ratio

• The transfer matrix for the panel is given by,

Fig(10): periodic narrow tubes layer
We can substitute the values of K and from the narrow
tube effects theory.

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 Calculating and TL from Transfer
Matrix
To calculate the absorption coefficient (), we first need to calculate the reflection coefficient ().

To calculate the transmission loss we can use the following formula

IMRAN RIYAZ [ME20MTECH14017] 10

 Experimental Setup
Impedance tube method to measure transmission Microphones
Rigid termination Impedance tube
loss and absorption coefficient.
Speaker
The experimental setup is as shown in the figure. DAQ

Transfer function method (TFM), in this method the

transfer function is measured between two points
inside the tube and then from that all the acoustic Amplifier
properties are calculated.
Small tube (30 mm internal dia.) for high frequency
measurements (800 Hz - 6300 Hz)
Large tube(100 mm internal dia.) for low frequency Fig(14): Impedance tube setup
measurements (63 Hz – 1600 Hz).

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 Comparison of Experimental and Analytical Results
 Missile Fairing Panel
 Transmission loss
80 80
80
70 70 Analyt -

(dB)
Transmission loss (dB)

ical

loss(dB)
60 60
60
50 50 sample

Transmissionloss
50 1
40 40

Transmission
40
30 sample
30
2
20 30
20
10 10
20 sample
3
0 0
100
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000
sample
0 4
Frequency (Hz) 0 1000 2000 3000 Frequency
4000 (Hz)
5000 6000 7000
Analytical sample 1 sample 2 sample 3 Analytical sample 1 sample 2 sample 3 sample 4
sample 4 Frequency (Hz)
Fig(15):TL for 0 mm LDAM panel Fig(16):
Fig(17): TL5for
TL for mm 3 mm LDAM
LDAM panel
panel

 There is very good correlation between the experimental and analytical vales.
 As the thickness of LDAM is increasing, the transmission loss of the panel increases.

IMRAN RIYAZ [ME20MTECH14017] 12

  Absorption coefficient

 When the LDAM faces away from the source, there is good absorption.
 when the LDAM faces towards the source, the absorption goes to zero.
 The peak of absorption is appearing to be of tonal nature in the model
instead of broad absorption which we observe through experiments.
1 1

0.9 0.9

coefficient
0.8

coefficient
0.8
Absorption coefficient

0.7
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.6
0.6

Absorption
0.5
0.5
abs

Absorption
0.5
abs 0.4
0.4
0.4 abs
0.3
0 LDAM 0.3
0.3 analytical 0.2
0.2
0.2 0.1
0.1
0.1 0
00 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000
0 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 Frequency (Hz)
Frequency (Hz)
Frequency (Hz) absabs abs
abs 5abs
LDAM abs 3 LDAM abs
abs analytical
analytical

Fig(20):Absorption coefficient for 5 mm LDAM panel (LDAM

Fig(18): Absorption coefficient of 0 mm LDAM panel (LDAM Facing Fig(19): Absorption coefficient for 3 mm LDAM panel (LDAM
facing away from the source)
away from source) facing away from the source)

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  LDAM faces towards the source, absorption goes to zero.

1.00
1.00
1.00
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.70

coefficient
Absorption coefficient
0.70
0.70
0.60
0.60
0.60
Axis Title

0.50
0.50
0.50
0.40

Absorption
0.40
0.40
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.00
0.00 1000.00 2000.00 3000.00 4000.00 5000.00 6000.00 7000.00 0.00
0.00
0.00 1000.00
0.00 1000.00 2000.00
2000.00 3000.00
3000.00 4000.00
4000.00 5000.00
5000.00 6000.00
6000.00 7000.00
7000.00
Axis Title
Frequency(Hz)
Frequency (Hz)
experimental experimental analytical

Fig.21. Absorption coefficient for 0 mm LDAM panel (LDAM facing Fig(23):

Fig(22): Absorption coefficient for 5
3 mm LDAM panel (LDAM
towards the source) facing towards the source)

IMRAN RIYAZ [ME20MTECH14017] 14

 Scope of Future Work
The model of flexibility core has to be improved and verified with experimental results.
The core flexibility has to be modelled by FEM due to complexity of wall parameters.
The transmission loss of the acoustic panel needs to be verified with the experimental
results.
The model for absorption coefficient of the missile fairing panel needs to be improved to
account for the broad absorption spectrum.
Acoustic material layer component should be added to the fairing panel model.
The effect of acoustic material to be filled in the honeycomb cells is to be modelled and
verified experimentally.

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 Thank You

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