Introduction of ICT,

History, and Emerging

Trends
What is ICT?
ICT is the study, design, development,
application, implementation, support or the
management of computer-based information
systems. The term is commonly used as a
synonym for computers and computer
networks, but it also encompasses other
information distribution technologies such as
television and telephones. (Chandler,
Daniel; Munday, Rod, I. August 2012)
Evolution of ICT
The beginning of ICT can be traced back
when humans started to use objects to
communicate with one another:
There are four main periods in history
that divide the era of ICY namely:
1. Pre-mechanical
2. Mechanical
3.: Electromechanical and;
4. Electronic periods:
The Pre-mechanical
Period
The Premechanical Period
- It happened around 1450
BCE to 1450 CE
- Humans started
communicating with one
another using words and
pictograms curved in rocks.
Sumerian
Pictogram/Petroglyths
- dating back 3100 BCE
that shows the
earliest form of
communication
among humans.
The Mechanical
Period
Mechanical Period
The mechanical age is when we first start to see
connections between our current technology and its
ancestors. The mechanical age can be defined as the
time between 1450 and 1840.
The
Electromechanical
Period
Electromechanical Period
- The electromechanical age heralded the
beginnings of telecommunications
as we know it today. This age can be
defined roughly as the time between 1840
and 1940.

- Human started to control electricity

using vacuum tubes in devices that
eventually led to the development of
today's electronic gadgets.
The Electronic
Period
Electronic Period
- It started in the 1940's up
to present
- The highest of this period
is focused on the advent
of solid state devices
electronic devices.
Emerging Trends in ICT
1.Technological Convergence
2. Social Media
3. Mobile Technologies
4. Assistive Media
1. Technological Convergence
It is an evolution of technological
developments that merge into a
new system bringing together
different types of applications and
media.
2. Social Media
- A collection of internet- based
communication tools and
computer assisted channels
dedicated to allow users to
interact, communicate, and
share information in a virtual
community and network.
Types of Social Media
a. Social Networks
b. Bookmarking sites
c. Social News
d.Media Sharing
e.Microblogging
f.Blogs and Forums
A. Social Media
- These are the sites that
allow you to connect with
other people with the
same interests or
background
B. Bookmarking sites
These are sites that allow you to
store and manage links to various
website and resources.
C. Social News
These are sites that allow users to
post their own new items or links
to other new sources.
D. Media Sharing
These are sites that allow you to
upload and share media content
like images, music and video.
E. Microblogging
These are sites that focus on short
updates from the user.
F. Blogs and Forums
These websites allow users to post
their content.
3. Mobile Technologies
- Smartphone is an
integration of various
technologies moled into
one,such as cellular phone,
Portable Digital Assistant
(PDA) and video camera.
Operating Systems of Mobile Devices
a. IOs - used in apple devices
b. Android - developed by Google
c. Blocking OS - BlackBerry Devices
d. Windows Phone OS -
MicrosoftTypes
e. Simboles - Nokia devices
f. Web OS - Smart TVs
g. Windows Mobile- Microsoft
Assistant Media
- is a non profit organization
founded in 1966 by Ann Hiber
Michigan, USA which designed
to help people who have visual
and reading impairment.
References
https://www.slideshare.net/mentosrenz27/
historical-background-of-ictReferences
https://link.springer.com/chapter/
10.1007%2F978-0-387-47650-6_3
https://link.springer.com/chapter/
10.1007%2F978-0-387-47650-6_3