ARTIFICIAL

INTELLIGENCE
 Artificial Intelligence(AI) is intelligence demonstrated by machines, in
opposition to the natural intelligence displayed by humans or animals.

 Artificial Intelligence is also used to describe machines that mimic

“Cognitive” functions that humans associate with the human mind, such
as “Learning” and “Problem Solving”.
 HISTORY
 Precursors
 Artificial beings with intelligence appeared as story-
telling devices in antiquity, the study of mechanical
or “Formal” reasoning began with philosophers and
mathematicians in antiquity(ancient/significant age)

 Symbolic AI
 When access to digital computers became possible in
mid-1950s, AI research began to explore the
possibility that human intelligence could be reduced
to symbol manipulation.
 Approaches based on cybernetics(communication in
living things and machines) or artificial neural(nerve)
networks were abandoned or pushed to the
background.
NETWORKS

 A network is an interconnected
group of neurons in the human brain
 Often trained by algorithm which
are a set of rules followed in
calculations or other problem-
solving operations, especially by a
computer
 Similarly, artificial intelligence(ai)
works in the same way but it is
computerized and has inputs and
outputs.
 GOALS

 Reasoning, Problem-Solving
 Early researchers developed algorithms that emulate
step-by-step reasoning that humans use when the solve
puzzles and make logical deductions. By the late 1980s
and 1990s, AI research has developed methods for
dealing with uncertain and incomplete information.
 Knowledge Representation
 Knowledge representation and knowledge engineering
allow AI programs to answer questions intelligently and
make deductions about real world facts.
 AI research has developed tools to represent specific
domains, such as: objects, properties, categories and
relation between objects.
USES
TYPES