Fundamental Network

Programming
Socket in C#

Lecturer: MSc. Dang Le Bao Chuong Spring 2022

Agenda

I. Review Socket

II. Socket in C#
I. C# Socket class

II. UdpClient class

III. TcpListener & TcpClient class

Socket programming
goal: learn how to build client/server applications that
communicate using sockets
socket: door between application process and end-end-transport
protocol
application application
socket controlled by
process process app developer

transport transport
network network controlled
link
by OS
link Internet
physical physical
Socket programming
Two socket types for two transport services:
 UDP: unreliable datagram
 TCP: reliable, byte stream-oriented
Application Example:
1. client reads a line of characters (data) from its keyboard and sends
data to server
2. server receives the data and converts characters to uppercase
3. server sends modified data to client
4. client receives modified data and displays line on its screen
Socket programming with UDP
UDP: no “connection” between client
and server:
• no handshaking before sending data
• sender explicitly attaches IP destination
address and port # to each packet
• receiver extracts sender IP address and
port# from received packet

UDP: transmitted data may be lost or received out-of-order

Application viewpoint:
 UDP provides unreliable transfer of groups of bytes (“datagrams”)
between client and server processes
Client/server socket interaction: UDP
server (running on serverIP) client
create socket:
create socket, port= x: clientSocket =
serverSocket = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM)
socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM)
Create datagram with serverIP address
And port=x; send datagram via
read datagram from clientSocket
serverSocket

write reply to
serverSocket read datagram from
specifying clientSocket
client address,
port number close
clientSocket
 Example app: UDP client
create UDP socket for
sending to server
attach server name, port to message; send into socket
read reply characters from socket into string
print out received string and close socket
UDPClient based on C# Socket
1. Socket socket
= new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Dgram,
ProtocolType.Udp);
2. IPEndPoint ep = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("192.168.2.255"),
11000);
3. byte[] send_buffer = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(“Text to send”);
4. socket.SendTo(send_buffer, ep);
5. Byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
6. socket.Receive(buffer);
7. String data = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(buffer);
Example app: UDP server
create UDP socket
bind socket to local port number 11000
loop forever
Read from UDP socket into message, getting
client’s address (client IP and port)
UDPServer based on c#
1. UdpClient listener = new UdpClient(11000);
2. IPEndPoint groupEP = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, listenPort);
3. string received_data;
4. byte[] receive_byte_array;
5. while (true)
{
receive_byte_array = listener.Receive(ref groupEP);
received_data = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(receive_byte_array, 0,
receive_byte_array.Length);
}
6. listener.Close();
 Socket programming with TCP
Client must contact server
• server process must first be running
• server must have created socket
(door) that welcomes client’s
contact
Client contacts server by:
• Creating TCP socket, specifying IP
address, port number of server
process
• when client creates socket: client
TCP establishes connection to
server TCP
 when contacted by client, server
TCP creates new socket for server
process to communicate with that
particular client
• allows server to talk with multiple
clients
• source port numbers used to
distinguish clients (more in Chap 3)
Application viewpoint
TCP provides reliable, in-order
byte-stream transfer (“pipe”)
between client and server
processes
Client/server socket interaction: TCP
server (running on hostid) client
create socket,
port=x, for incoming
request:
serverSocket = socket()

wait for incoming create socket,

connection request
TCP connect to hostid, port=x
connectionSocket = connection setup clientSocket = socket()
serverSocket.accept()

send request using

read request from clientSocket
connectionSocket

write reply to
connectionSocket read reply from
clientSocket
close
connectionSocket close
clientSocket
 Example app: TCP client
create TCP socket for server,
remote port 11000
No need to attach server name, port
TCPClient based on C# Socket
1. IPEndPoint remoteEP = new IPEndPoint(ipAddress,11000);
2. Socket sender = new Socket(ipAddress.AddressFamily,
SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp );
3. sender.Connect(remoteEP);
4. sender.RemoteEndPoint.ToString());
5. byte[] msg = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("This is a
test<EOF>"); int bytesSent = sender.Send(msg);
6. int bytesRec = sender.Receive(bytes);
sender.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both); sender.Close();
Example app: TCP server
TCPServer based on C# Socket
1. byte[] bytes = new Byte[1024];
2. IPEndPoint localEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(ipAddress, 11000);
create TCP welcoming socket 3. Socket listener = new Socket(ipAddress.AddressFamily,
SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp );
server begins listening for 4. listener.Bind(localEndPoint);
incoming TCP requests 5. listener.Listen(10);
loop forever 6. while (true) {
server waits on accept() for incoming 7. Socket handler = listener.Accept();
requests, new socket created on return 8. String data = null;
9. while (true) {
read bytes from socket (but 10. int bytesRec = handler.Receive(bytes);
not address as in UDP) 11. data += Encoding.ASCII.GetString(bytes,0,bytesRec);
12. if (data.IndexOf("<EOF>") > -1) { break; }
13. }
14. byte[] msg = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data);
15. handler.Send(msg);
close connection to this client (but not 16. handler.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
welcoming socket) 17. handler.Close();
References
1. Socket: https://docs.microsoft.com/vi-vn/dotnet/framework/network-programming/synchronous-client-socket-
example
2. https://www.c-sharpcorner.com/article/a-simple-multi-threaded-tcpudp-server-and-client-v2/
Assignment week #4
• UDP Chat client-server:
• Client side: student should use C# Socket class
• Server side: student should use C# UdpClient class