Specification , Analysis and Estimate on

Road Works in Odisha

Er. A.K. Sahoo,

Assistant Executive Engineer(Civil)
Mob: 9938177044
Email: akshay.sahoo@gmail.com
Contents:

• Introduction :
• What to do with Engineering Specification ?
• Functions and composition of layers/ components
• Road/ Building Construction Equipments
• How you do analysis of Rate
• How to measure an Item
• Estimate framework
• Example
• Q&A Session
Introduction:

• Different Layers of a Road/ Highways

• Suitable Road Materials as per MoRT&H, MORD
-Property of individual road materials like Aggregate, Sand, Bitumen,
Earth
-Properties of Mix/ Layers / components in Road

• Road Machineries- MoRT&H/ MORD

- For different activities/ Road Components
• Manpower requirements
- MoRT&H Data Book/ SOR/AoR(State Govt.)
• Supervision and Measurement : Engineer-in-Charge / IS code
• Other overhead expenses/ Miscellaneous Expenses, Road Safety aspects
 Types of Road and Governing Codes/ Specifications
Road Classification
• Flexible/ Back-Top Pavement:
• Rigid/ Concrete Pavement
• Semi-Rigid Pavement
The roads are again grouped as :
Single lane (3.5 m),
intermediate lane (5.5 m),
Double lane (7m with kerb or 7.5 m without kerb) and
multiple lanes (addl. 3.5 m for each lane) depending upon the width of
Carriageway.
On village roads, the width may be restricted to 3 m.
Roads are broadly classified as Rural Roads and Urban Roads.
Rural Roads - National Highways, SHs, MDRs, ODRs, VRs
 Types of Road and Governing Codes/ Specifications
• To design and construction of the roads, Standards prescribed in Indian
Road Congress (IRC) Specifications and Ministry of Road Transport and
Highways (MORT&H) specification are to be observed. Some of the IRC
Specifications frequently used for road construction are :
• IRC 37:2012 –Guidelines for the design of Flexible Pavement
• IRC: SP-20:2002: Rural Roads Manual
• IRC 81:1997 & 81:2001- Guidelines for Strengthening Road pavements
using Benkelman Bean Deflection Technique.
• IRC 58:2011 - Guidelines for the Design of Rigid Pavements for Highways
• IRC 15:2002- Standard Specification and code of Practices for construction
of concrete roads
• IRC 86:1983 – Geometric Design Standards for Urban Roads in Plains
• IRC 73:1980 – Geometric Design Standards for Rural (Non-urban)-
Highways
• IRC 64:1990 - Guidelines for capacity of Roads in Rural Areas
 Types of Road and Governing Codes/ Specifications

• IRC : SP-20:2002 is to be adopted for formation of road,

construction of culvert and minor bridge in village Roads
and ODR having projected traffic intensity less than 450
commercial vehicle per day (CVPD).
• The input and parameter for appropriate design of the
pavement is based on traffic and soil strength.
• IRC 37:2012 specification is used for designing flexible
pavements which includes bituminous surfacing,
granular base and granular base with sub base courses
conforming to IRC Standards or to Section 500 and 400
of the Specification for Roads and Bridge Works,
Ministry of Road Transport and Highways.
Cross Section of a Road
 Layers of Flexible
Pavement(Bituminous Road)
Typical layers of a conventional flexible pavement includes
seal coat, surface course, tack coat, binder course, prime
coat, base course, sub-base course, compacted sub-grade,
and natural sub-grade 
 Factors governing Thickness of the BT Road
• Strength of S/G Soil : Soaked CBR value
• Traffic Loading: CVD-> MSA [ use formula in IRC : 37]
• Design Life of Pavement 15 Yrs for NH/SH -20 Years for Urban/ Expressway
• Properties of Layers/ Mix  response to fatigue and rutting / cracking if s.t. ply
loadings
 Sub grade
• The sub-grade is the foundation of the pavement structure, on which the 
subbase is laid. In transport engineering, sub grade is the native material
underneath a constructed road, pavement or railway track. It is also
called formation level.

• The top soil or sub-grade is a layer of natural soil prepared to receive the
stresses from the layers above. It is essential that at no time soil sub-grade is
overstressed. It should be compacted to the desirable density, near the optimum
moisture content.

• The load-bearing strength of subgrade by California Bearing Ratio (CBR)

test , falling weight deflectometer (FWD) backcalculations and other methods.

• The sub grade should be compacted to 97% of the dry density achieved with
heavy compaction modified proctor density as per IS:2720 (Part 8) .
• For Expressways, National Highways and State Highways, the material used for
sub grade construction should have the dry density of not less than 1.75 gm/cc.
 Sub-Base
• Sub-base is often the main load-bearing layer of the pavement.
Its role is to spread the load evenly over the subgrade.
• The materials used may be either unbound granular, or cement
-bound. The quality of sub-base is very important for the useful life
of the road.
• Material comprise natural sand, moorum, gravel, metal, laterite
crushed stone etc. and
• Should have liquid limit and plasticity index of not more than 25
and 6 respectively
• Should have CBR value minimum of 20% for cumulative traffic
upto 2 msa and 30% exceeding 2 msa.
• Where stage construction is adopted for pavements, the thickness
of sub-base shall be provided for ultimate pavement section for
the full design life.
 Sub-Base….
• The sub-base course is the layer of material beneath the base course and
the primary functions are to provide structural support, improve
drainage, and reduce the intrusion of fines from the sub-grade in the
pavement structure.If the base course is open graded, then the sub-base
course with more fines can serve as a filler between sub-grade and the
base course .
• A sub-base course is not always needed or used. For example, a
pavement constructed over a high quality, stiff sub-grade may not be
needed.
• For drainage consideration the granular sub base should be extended
over entire formation width in case of the sub grade soil is of relatively
low permeability.
• The thickness of sub base in the extended portion should not be less than
150 mm for traffic less than 10 msa and 200 mm for design traffic of 10
msa & above.
• To achieve the stipulated CBR value jobmix formula (using gravel, gravel
with sand, quarry dust etc) adopt MORTH specification 5th revision
 GSB Specifications
• Granular Sub-base (GSB) materials conforming to
clause 401 of MORT&H specifications for road and
bridge works is recommended.

• The sub-base material should have minimum CBR of

20% for cumulative traffic up to 2 msa and 30% for
traffic exceeding 2 msa.

• The material should be tested for CBR at the dry

density and moisture content expected in the field.

• The thickness of sub-base should not be less than 150

mm for design traffic less than 10 msa and 200 mm for
design traffic of 10 msa and above.
 WMM/WBM- Base Course
 The base course is the layer of material immediately beneath the
surface of binder course and it provides additional load
distribution and contributes to the sub-surface drainage It may be
composed of crushed stone, crushed slag, and other untreated or
stabilized materials.
 The recommended minimum thickness of granular base is 225 mm
for traffic upto 2 msa and 250 mm for traffic exceeding 2 msa.
 For heavily trafficked roads, use of WMM base laid by paver
finisher or motor grader is recommended.
 Where WBM construction should be adopted in the base course
for roads carrying traffic more than 10 msa, the thickness of WBM
shall be increased from 250 mm to 300 mm.
 This course/ layer must not crack under influence of traffic
loadings.
 Base Course- WBM/WMM
Granular base comprises water bound macadam (WBM), wet mix
macadam (WMM) or other equivalent granular construction

open graded mix: low fine content but after compaction , the
voids content remain fairly high @ 15-20 %.

where road carrying traffic more than 10 msa, the thickness of WBM
base shall be increased from 250 mm to 300 mm (i.e. 4 layers of WBM
grade II and III each of 75 mm compacted thickness) with corresponding
reduction in the sub base thickness keeping the overall pavement
thickness unchanged

For heavy traffic road use WMM

WBM in layers of 75 mm thick of grade II & III used

Built up spray grout (BUSG) shall also be used for base in a single course
in pavement
 Binder Course :BM/DBM
• Lower part of road surfacing s.t. higher shear stress & tensile stress from
action of traffic load.

• Contributes to the strength of pavement. Also provides an even and well

regulated surface upon which the wearing course can be laid.

• This layer provides the bulk of the asphalt concrete structure hence dense
graded mix are used. Fine content is high compared to open graded
macadamgood load spreading characteristics & high resistance to
deformation.
• It's chief purpose is to distribute load to the base course.
• The binder course generally consists of aggregates having less asphalt and
doesn't require quality as high as the surface course, so replacing a part of
the surface course by the binder course results in more economical
design.
• For traffic load < 5 MSA, BM may be used.
 Dense Bituminous Macadam(DBM)
• DBM is recommended for road designed to carry more than 5
msa.

• DBM binder course may be preceded by a 75 mm thick BM

layer. when this is done, the thickness of DBM layer will be
suitably reduced.

• 10mm BM can be taken as equivalent to 7 mm DBM .

• DBM shall be constructed in two layers when it is more than

100 mm
 Wearing/ Surface Course : BC/ SDBC/open grade
premix carpet, surface dressing
• Surface course is the layer directly in contact with traffic loads (running surface of
road) and generally contains superior quality materials.
• They are usually constructed with dense graded asphalt concrete(AC) for traffic > 5
msa.
• If open graded coarse aggregate mix to be used in wearing course, in order to make
the surface water proof, a surface dressing is required.
• Design to withstand the direct effect of the traffic loading.
• Provides an even and weather resistant (durable) surface to minimize uneven
settlement.
• The functions and requirements of this layer are:
 It provides characteristics such as friction, smoothness, drainage, etc.
 Also it will prevent the entrance of excessive quantities of surface water into
the underlying base, sub-base and sub-grade.
 It must be tough to resist the distortion under traffic and provide a smooth
and skid- resistant riding surface.
 It must be water proof to protect the entire base and sub-grade from the
weakening effect of water.
• Mastic asphalt maybe used at bus-stops and intersections.
• Seal Coat:
Seal coat is a thin surface treatment used to water-proof the
surface and to provide skid resistance.
• Tack Coat:
Tack coat is a very light application of asphalt, usually asphalt
emulsion diluted with water. It provides proper bonding between
two layer of binder course and must be thin, uniformly cover the
entire surface, and set very fast.
• Prime Coat:
Prime coat is an application of low viscous cutback bitumen to an
absorbent surface like granular bases on which binder layer is
placed. It provides bonding between two layers. Unlike tack coat,
prime coat penetrates into the layer below, plugs the voids, and
forms a water tight surface.
 Design concepts of IRC 37 – Flexible Pavement

The IRC: 37-2001 based on a Mechanistic Empirical approach,

the design life of pavement …. is, till
the fatigue cracking in bituminous surface extended to 20 per
cent of the pavement surface area
or
rutting in the pavement reached the terminal rutting of 20 mm,
whichever happened earlier.

The IRC: 37-2012 based on a Scientific cum Mechanical

approach,
the design life of pavement …. Is, the same approach
except that the cracking and rutting have been restricted to
10 per cent of the area for design traffic exceeding 30 MSA
 Design concepts of IRC 37 – Flexible Pavement

These revised guidelines aim at

Pavement design by including alternate materials like
cementitious and reclaimed asphalt materials

Analysis using the software IITPAVE, a modified version

of FPAVE developed under the Research Scheme R-56
 SCOPE OF THE GUIDELINES – IRC 37-2012

Flexible pavements include pavements with Bituminous

surfacing over:

(i) Granular base and sub-base

(ii) Cementitious bases and sub-bases with a crack relief layer of aggregate
interlayer below the bituminous surfacing
(iii) Cementitious bases and sub-bases with SAMI in-between bituminous
surfacing and the cementitious base layer for retarding the reflection
cracks into the bituminous layer
(iv) Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) with or without addition of fresh
aggregates treated with foamed bitumen/bitumen emulsion
(v) Use of deep strength long life bituminous pavement
 New elements of IRC 37 – 2912

(i) Incorporation of design period of more than fifteen years.

(ii) Computation of effective CBR of subgrade for pavement
design.
(iii) Use of rut resistant surface layer.
(iv) Use of fatigue resistant bottom bituminous layer.
(v) Selection of surface layer to prevent top down cracking.
(vi) Use of bitumen emulsion/foamed bitumen treated
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavements in base course.
 New elements of IRC 37 – 2912

(vii) Consideration of stabilized sub-base and base with

locally available soil and aggregates.
(viii) Design of drainage layer.
(ix) Computation of equivalent single axle load considering
(a) single axle with single wheels (b) single axle with dual
wheels (c) tandem axle and (d) tridem axles.
(x) Design of perpetual pavements with deep strength
bituminous layer.
 Design life
• Expressways Design life is 20 Years
• NH and SH, Design life is 15 Years
• For MDR, design life of 10 to 15 Years
• For ODR, Design life is 10 Years
• For Concrete Pavement Design Life is 30 years
Stage Construction
Reason : Cost constrains
a) Base and Sub base are designed for Full design life
b) Bituminous layers for Less years,
but not less than 5 years in any case
27
Clarifications: (based on MORTH Rev. 5, 2013 and IRC 37, 2012
1.Wearing course: SDBC shall not be used as per MORTH Rev.V 2013
2.Thickness of Bituminous base shall not be less than 50mm
3.BC shall be used in 30mm, 40mm, 50mm based on the design requirement
Clarifications: (based on MORTH Rev. 5, 2013 and IRC 37, 2012)

1.Wearing course: SDBC shall not be used as per MORTH Rev.V 2013
2.Thickness of Bituminous base shall not be less than 50mm
3.BC shall be used in 30mm, 40mm, 50mm based on the design requirement
2 to 5 msa : 30 BC
5 to 10 msa : 30 /40 BC
10 to 100 msa : 40 BC
>100 msa : 50 BC
4.Wherever 30mm BC is provided instead of 25mm SDBC, 5mm shall be
reduced in DBM thickness provided the thickness of DBM is more than 50mm
Clarifications: (based on MORTH Rev. 5, 2013 and IRC 37, 2012)

5. For widening / formation / strengthening using CBR method, BM shall

not be used.
6. Interpolation of layer thickness from the design catalogue is not
permitted
7. For all the design IITPAVE software should be run and output should
be enclosed
8. For new formation/ rebuilding GSB shall be laid in two layers
1. Filter layer at bottom
2. Drainage layer at top
9. CBR of select subgrade shall be 8 or more
 Shoulder Construction
• Structural support to various layers of the pavement
besides providing additional space for overtaking
maneouvers , parking disabled vehicles and movement
of slow moving vehicle (Scooter, three & two wheelers)

• Earthen and paved shoulders

• 1.5 m wide paved shoulders may be provided on either
side of two lane road and
• for 4 lane it was the policy of Government of India to
construct paved shoulder in conjunction with four
laning.
Paved Shoulder
Pavement along the slope
 Special care for flexible pavement on expansive soils
Expansive soils swell very little when compacted at low densities and high moisture
but swell greatly when compacted at high densities and low moisture. Hence, where
the probability of moisture variation in the subgrade is high, it is expedient to
compact the soil slightly wet of the field optimum moisture content (+2 per cent)
determined on the basis of a field trial.

Experience shows that generally, it is not practicable to compact expansive soils at

OMC determined by Laboratory Proctor Test. It is, therefore, necessary to study its
field moisture density relationship through compacting the soil at different moisture
contents and under the same number of roller passes.

A minimum density corresponding to 95 per cent of the standard proctor density

should be attained in the field and recommended moisture content should be. 1-2 per
cent wet of optimum moisture content.

Blanket Course

• An impermeable blanket course of at least 225 mm thickness and composed of

coarse/medium sand or non-plastic moorum having PI less than five should be
provided on the expansive soil subgrade as a sub-base to serve as an effective
intrusion barrier. It must have very low permeability. The blanket course should
extend over the entire formation width.

• Alternatively, lime-stabilized black cotton sub-base extending over the entire

formation width may be provided together with measures for efficient drainage of
the pavement section.
 Rigid Pavement : Concrete Road
• Rigid pavements have sufficient flexural strength to transmit the wheel load
stresses to a wider area below.
• Compared to flexible pavement, rigid pavements are placed either directly on
the prepared sub-grade or on a single layer of granular or stabilized material.
Since there is only one layer of material between the concrete and the sub-
grade, this layer can be called as base or sub-base course.
• In rigid pavement, load is distributed by the slab action, and the pavement
behaves like an elastic plate resting on a viscous medium.
• Rigid pavements are constructed by Portland cement concrete (PCC) and
should be analyzed by plate theory instead of layer theory, assuming an elastic
plate resting on viscous foundation.
• Plate theory is a simplified version of layer theory that assumes the concrete
slab as a medium thick plate which is plane before loading and to remain plane
after loading. Bending of the slab due to wheel load and temperature variation
and the resulting tensile and flexural stress.
Layers of Concrete Pavement
Road Machineries/ Equipments
 Earthmoving Operations : Graders
Motor Grader:
• A grader, also commonly referred to as a road grader, a blade, a maintainer,
or a motor grader, is a construction machine with a long blade used to create a
flat surface during the grading process.
• In civil engineering, the grader's purpose is to "finish grade" (to refine or set
precisely) the "rough grading" performed by heavy equipment or engineering
vehicles such as scrapers and bulldozers.
• Graders are commonly used in the construction and maintenance of dirt roads
and gravel roads. In the construction of paved roads they are used to prepare
the base course to create a wide flat surface for the asphalt to be placed on.
Graders are also used to set native soil foundation pads to finish grade prior to
the construction of large buildings. Graders can produce inclined surfaces, to
give cant (camber) to roads.
• In some countries they are used to produce drainage ditches with shallow V-
shaped cross-sections on either side of highways.
 Earth Moving Operations : Bull Dozers/ Dozers

• A bulldozer is a crawler (continuous tracked tractor) equipped with

a substantial metal plate (known as a blade) used to push large
quantities of soil, sand, rubble, or other such material during
construction or conversion work and typically equipped at the rear
with a claw-like device (known as a ripper) to loosen densely
compacted materials.

• Bulldozers can be found on a wide range of sites, mines and

quarries, military bases, heavy industry factories, engineering
projects and farms.

• The term "bulldozer" is often used erroneously to mean any

heavy equipment (sometimes a loader and sometimes an excavator
), but precisely, the term refers only to a tractor (usually tracked)
fitted with a dozer blade.
Earth Moving Operations : Excavators
• Excavators are heavy construction equipment
consisting of a boom, stick, bucket and cab on
a rotating platform (known as the "house")
Earth Moving Operations : Tractors
A tractor is an engineering vehicle specifically designed to deliver a high
tractive effort (or torque) at slow speeds, for the purposes of hauling a trailer
or machinery used in agriculture or construction.
 Compactors / Rollers : Embankments and Sub-Grade

• A road roller (sometimes called a roller-compactor, or just

roller) is a compactor type engineering vehicle used to
compact soil, gravel, concrete, or asphalt in the construction
of roads and foundation
Chip Spreaders
 Bitumen Pressure Distributors
Gives uniform, unbroken and prescribed quantity of hot bitumen or
emulsion. These units can be supplied as a module to suit mounting on
customer's truck chassis or can be supplied completely along with
standard truck chassis.
 Hot Mix Plant
• Hot mix asphalt (HMA) paving materials are a
mixture of size-graded, high quality aggregate
(which can include reclaimed asphalt
pavement [RAP]), and liquid asphalt cement,
which is heated and mixed in measured
quantities to produce HMA.

• Statutory requirements for setting HMP may

be followed.
 WMM Plant
This central mixing plant for granular base and sub base production provides
higher productivity with close control on quality of mix and production costs.
Dust Suppression System : Water
Sprinkler
 Paver Finisher
A paver (paver finisher, asphalt finisher, paving machine) is a piece of
construction equipment used to lay asphalt on roads, bridges, parking lots
and other such places. It lays the asphalt flat and provides minor compaction
before it is compacted by a roller.
 Batching Plant for Concrete Roads,
Culverts, Bridges and RMC
• A concrete plant, also known as a batch plant or batching
plant, is a device that combines various ingredients to form
concrete. Some of these inputs include sand, water,
aggregate (rocks, gravel, etc.), fly ash, potash, and cement.

• There are two types of concrete plants: ready mix plants

and central mix plants.

• The center of the concrete batching plant is the mixer.

There are three types of mixer: Tilt, pan, and twin shaft
mixer. The twin shaft mixer can ensure an even mixture of
concrete and large output, while the tilt mixer offers a
consistent mix with much less maintenance labor and cost.
RMC for Road Work
 Other Equipments
• Dowel Bar inserter
• Stone Crusher Unit
• Concrete cutter
• Transit Mixer
• Bitumen Boiler
• Trucks
• Texturing Machine
Tentative output of road
machinery
 Specification :Road Proper

• Cleaning and grubbing road land as per approved Drawing & Technical
Specifications and as per Clause - 201 of MoSRT&H Specifications for
Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
• Scarifying the existing bituminous road surface as per Technical
Specifications and as per Clause 501.8.3.2 of MoSRT&H Specifications for
Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
• Re-working of scarified bituminous surface suitably after supplementing
base materials with sand and compacting finished surface as per Technical
Specifications and as per Clause - 501.8.3.2 of MoSRT&H Specifications for
Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
• Excavation for road work in soil with hydraulic excavator of 0.9cum
bucket capacity including cutting and loading in tippers, trimming bottom
and side slopes in accordance with requirements of lines, grades and cross
sections and transporting to the embankment locations with all lifts &
leads up to 1000m.as per approved Drawing & Technical Specifications
and as per Clause - 301 of MoSRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge
works (Latest Revision).
 Specifications: Road Proper
• Excavation for road way in ordinary rock with hydraulic excavator of 0.9cum bucket capacity
including cutting and loading in tippers, trimming bottom and side slopes in accordance with
requirements of lines, grades and cross sections and transporting to the embankment locations
with all lifts & leads up to 1000m.as per approved Drawing & Technical Specifications and as per
Clause - 301 of MoSRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
• Excavation for road way in hard rock (requiring blasting) by drilling, blasting and breaking,
trimming bottom and side slopes in accordance with requirements of lines, grades and cross
sections and transporting to the embankment locations with all lifts & leads up to 1000m.as per
approved Drawing & Technical Specifications and as per Clause - 301 of MoSRT&H Specifications
for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
• Compacting the original ground supporting to embankment / sub grade as per Technical
Specifications and as per Clause - 305.3.4 of MoSRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works
(Latest Revision).
• Sand filling in Road work & foundation of structure as per approved Drawing & Technical
Specifications and as per Section - 2100 of MoSRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works
(Latest Revision).
• Providing G.S.B. with Coarse graded Gr-i stone screaning materials & coarse sand (for bellow
2.36mm size) as per approved Drawing & Technical Specifications and as per Clause - 401 of
MoSRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
• Providing G.S.B. with Coarse graded Gr-ii stone screaning materials & coarse sand (for bellow
2.36mm size) as per approved Drawing & Technical Specifications and as per Clause - 401 of
MoSRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
 Specifications: Road Proper
• Providing G.S.B. with Close graded Gr-ii stone screanming materials as
per approved Drawing & Technical Specifications and as per Clause - 401
of MoSRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
• Providing G.S.B. with Close graded Gr-iii stone screaning materials as per
approved Drawing & Technical Specifications and as per Clause - 401 of
MoSRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
• Providing Wet Mix Macadam using crushed stone aggregates as per
approved Drawing & Technical Specifications and as per Clause -406 of
MoSRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
• Providing & Laying B.U.S.G. of 37.5mm thick in one layer using tack coat
3.0kg/10 sqm 25mm to 40mm size B.H.G.C.B. metal of 0.45cum & 12.0kg
of penetration grade of bitumen with 0.12cum of 12mm size B.H.G.C.B.
chips as key stone per 10sqm and laying & spreading as per Technical
Specifications and as per Clause -506 of MoSRT&H Specifications for Road
& Bridge works (Latest Revision).
 Specifications: Road Proper
• Providing & Laying B.U.S.G. of 75mm thick in two layer using tack coat
3.0kg/10 sqm 25mm to 40mm size B.H.G.C.B. metal of 0.45cum & 12.0kg
of penetration grade of bitumen in one layer with 0.12cum of 12mm size
B.H.G.C.B. chips as key stone per 10sqm and laying & spreading as per
Technical Specifications and as per Clause -506 of MoSRT&H
Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).

• Providing Surface dressing with 60 / 70 penetration grade of bitumen

and 13mm nominal size crushed stone chipping as per Technical
Specifications and as per Clause -510 of MoSRT&H Specifications for Road
& Bridge works (Latest Revision).

• Providing and Applying Primer Coat with bitumen emulsion on prepared

surface of granular base including cleaning the road surface and spreading
primer @ 0.60kg per sqm using mechanical means as per Technical
Specifications and as per Clause 502 of MoSRT&H Specifications for Road
& Bridge works (Latest Revision).
 Specifications: Road Proper
• Providing Tack coat on prepared surface with bitumen emulsion as
per Technical Specifications and as per Clause -503 of MoSRT&H
Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).

• Providing 50mm thick Bituminous Macadam using crushed stone

Gr.-2 materials & 60 / 70 penetration grade of bitumen as per
approved Drawing & Technical Specifications and as per Clause -
504 of MoSRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest
Revision).

• Providing 25mm thick S.D.B.C. using crushed stone Gr.-2

materials & 60 / 70 penetration grade of bitumen as per approved
Drawing & Technical Specifications and as per Clause -508 of
MoSRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
 Specifications: Road Proper

• Providing dry lean cement concrete sub-base for concrete

pavement using concrete mixer placing and leveling in hand guided
semi mechanism method and finished as per approved Drawing &
Technical Specifications in accordance with section - 601 of
MoSRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
• Providing cement concrete pavement of m-30 as per approved
drawing adopting hand guided semi mechanism method including
cost of materials and as per approved Drawing, Design & Technical
Specifications complete as per clause - 602 of MoSRT&H
Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
• Providing 40mm to 90mm, size hard stone metal other than granite
in filter media including spreading in uniform thickness, hand
packing, rolling with HRR or ramming with rammer to proper level,
grade & camber with sand to fill up the interstices for finished item
of works as per direction of Engineer In Charge.
 Specfications: Road Proper
• Providing compacted granular materials in shoulder by
using moorum having required P.I. value with sand
admixture if required as per approved Drawing & Technical
Specifications and as per Clause - 407 of MoRT&H
Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
• Construction of embankment with excavated earth as per
approved Drawing & Technical Specifications and as per
Clause -305 of MoSRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge
works (Latest Revision).
• Earth work in embankment obtained from borrow pits
with carriage by mechanical means as per approved
Drawing & Technical Specifications and as per Clause -305
of MoSRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works
(Latest Revision).
 Specifications:CD Work

• Earth work in excavation in hard soil for foundation of structure as

per approved Drawing & Technical Specifications and as per Clause
- 301 & 304 of MoSRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works
(Latest Revision).
• P.C.C.M-15 Grade in foundation bed using 40mm to 10mm size
crushed stone aggregates mixed by concrete mixer, laying in layers
and compacting by vibrator & all leads and lifts as per approved
Drawing & Technical Specifications and as per Section - 1700 &
2100 of MoSRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest
Revision).
• P.C.C.M-20 Grade in Substructure of CD work using 40mm to
10mm size crushed stone aggregates mixed by concrete mixer,
laying in layers and compacting by vibrator & all leads and lifts
including frame works etc as per approved Drawing & Technical
Specifications and as per Section -1500, 1700, 2100 & 2200 of
MoSRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
 Specifications: CD Works
• Laying of NP3 Hume Pipe of 900mm dia. for pipe culverts as per approved
Drawing & Technical Specifications and as per Section -2900 of MoSRT&H
Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
• R.C.C. M-20 grade in Foundation Raft of CD work as per approved
Drawing & Technical Specifications and as per Section -1500, 1700 & 2100
of MoRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
• R.C.C. M-20 grade in Sub-structure of CD work as per approved Drawing
& Technical Specifications and as per Section -1500, 1700 & 2200 of
MoRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
• R.C.C. M-20 grade in Deck slab of C.D. Work as per approved Drawing &
Technical Specifications and as per Section -1500, 1700 & 2300 of
MoRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
• R.C.C. M-20 grade in Road Kerb / Dirt Wall / Wing wall of Culvert as per
approved Drawing & Technical Specifications and as per Section -1500,
1700 & 2200 of MoRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest
Revision).
 Specifications :CD Works
• R.C.C. M-30 grade in wearing coat including steel of C.D. work as per approved
drawing & technical specifications and as per Section -1500, 1700 & 2700 of
MoSRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).

• Steel reinforcement works using HYSD as per approved Drawing & Technical
Specifications and as per Section -1600 of MoSRT&H Specifications for Road &
Bridge works (Latest Revision).

• Providing Weep Holes as per approved Drawing & Technical Specifications and as
per Section 2700 of MoRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest
Revision).

• R.C.C. M-30 grade in Railing of Culvert / Bridge for rails panel in 2 ties as per
approved Drawing & Technical Specifications and as per Section -1500, 1700 &
2200 of MoRT&H Specifications for Road & Bridge works (Latest Revision).
 Rigid Pavement–Design Period and Strategy for 4lane
NH through PPP

Rigid pavement shall be designed for a minimum design period of 30 years.

The stage construction shall not be permitted.

 The Pavement Quality Concrete (PQC) shall rest over Dry Lean
Concrete (DLC) sub-base of 150 mm thickness.

 The DLC will meet the minimum cement and compressive

strength requirement as prescribed in IRC:SP:49. DLC will extend beyond
the PQC (including that in shoulder, if any) by 0.5 m on either side.

 Below DLC layer, a properly designed drainage layer Granular Sub

Base (GSB) of 150 mm thickness shall be provided throughout the road
width. It shall be designed to obtain a drainage coefficient of not less than
20 m per day.
 References for detailed specifications
• For specification in detail please refer MoRT&H
specification [5th Edition] Orange Book.
• Pocket book for Highway Engineers( 2nd edition),
MoRT&H.
• Pocket Book for Bridge Engineers , MoRT&H
• IRC 37-2012 for design of flexible pavement
• IRC: 58-2011 for Design of Rigid Pavement
• Many relevant IRC/ IS codes
 Any Queries ?
E-mail: akshay.sahoo@gmail.com
• We shall follow MoRT&H Guidelines / MORD
Specifications, IRC Codes for design and
construction Procedure.
• IS Codes and MoRT&H Data book for culvert
design.
• With this we shall move to Analysis and
estimate for Road works in next session.