SDM INSTITUTE OF

NURSINGSCIENCES
SATTUR,DHARWAD
• SUBJECT : NURSING EDUCATION

• TOPIC : LESSION PLAN ON PROBLEM SOLVING METHOD

• VENUE : 1ST YEAR MSc. (N) CLASS

• UNIT NO : 3RD UNIT

• NO OF STUDENTS : 5 STUDENTS

• CLASS : 1ST YEAR MSc. (N) STUDENTS

• DURATION : 45 MIN

• TIME AND DATE :

PROBLEM SOLVING
METHOD
PRESENT BY:
Miss. Savita Hanamsagar
1st year MSc.(N) student
 INTRODUCTION

• Problem solving is an instructional method or technique

where by the teacher and pupils attempt in a conscious,
planned and purposeful effort to arrive of some explanation
or solution to some educationally significant difficulty for the
purpose of finding a solution.
• Students are presented with problems which require them to
find either a scientific or technological solution. It is a
student-cantered strategy which require students to become
active participants in the learning process.
DEFINITION
• According to skinner, Problem solving is a process of
overcoming difficulties that appears to interfere. In a
problem solving the entire subject matter is organized in
such a manner that it can be dealt with through the
problems identified during the study. 
DEFINITION

•  According to Gates “A problem exists for an individual

when he has a definite goal, he cannot reach by the
behaviour pattern which he already has available.
 The problem solving is a process of overcoming
difficulties that appears to interfere with the attainment of
goal. It is a procedure of making adjustment in spite of
interferences or obstructing .

 
PURPOSE OF PROBLEM SOLVING
METHOD

• Train the students in the act of reasoning (logical thinking).

• Gain and improve the knowledge.
• Solve puzzling question.
• Overcome the obstacles in the attainment of objectives.
• Problem solving method makes the student feel confident in
facing problems not only in class but also in real life.
• It provides valuable opportunities for the proper
development of cognitive abilities of the student.
• It makes the task of learning quit interesting and purposeful.
STEPS OF PROBLEM-SOLVING METHOD

1. Formation of specific problem or question:-

The nature of the problem should be made very clear to the
students so that they can understand the actual solution for the
problem.
2. COLLECTION OF RELEVANT DATA AND
INFORMATION:-

The students Collection be stimulated to collect data in a

systematic manner full co- operation of the students should be
secured. The teacher may suggest many points to them. Like
extra books for read, organize a few educational trips together
the relevant information.
3. ORGANIZATION, COMPARING AND ANALYSE
DATA :-

The students should be asked to sift the relevant material

from the superficial one put in a scientific way and Campari
regarding information and analyse.
4. ESTABLISH CRITERIA DRAWING OF CONCLUSION
AND SUGGEST POSSIBLE SOLUTION:-

After the organizing data discussions should be arranged

collectively and individual with each student so that
essential thing is done by the students themselves and that
their educative process provides the particular solutions.
“Care should be taken that judgement is made only when
sufficient data is collected.”
5. IMPLEMENTATION OF SOLUTION AND TESTING
CONCLUSION:-

No conclusion should be accepted without being properly

verified. The corrections of the conclusion must be proved
and take the feedback.
CHARACTERISTICS OF A PROBLEM
IN A LEARNING SITUATION

1. Clear and definite.

2. Challenging and hence interest generating.
3. Suitable to the age, needs and physical & mental capability
of pupils.
4. Related to actual life situations.
5. Understandable to the learners who face it.
 Leaflets on
essential features
ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF THE PROBLEM-
SOLVING METHOD

• Interesting, and worthwhile for children.

• It should have some correlation with life.
• It should have some correlation with other subjects if
possible.
• It should arise out of the real needs of the students.
• The problem should be clearly defined.
• The solution of problem should be found out by the student
themselves working under the guidance and supervision of
the teacher.
 PROBLEM-SOLVING SKILLS

 Clarify what is the problem

 .Brainstorm out ideas
 Plan out what you are going to do
 Try out your plan Does it solve the problem?
 .Clarify what the problem is about
 .Try another plan.
MAJOR APPROACHES IN
PROBLEM SOLVING

1. Inductive approach
2. Deductive approach
3. Analytical approach
4. Synthetic approach
1.Inductive Approach:
• In this the learner is abled to arrive at general conclusion,
establish laws through observation of particular facts.
• Example: Brainstorming, Buzz Sessions, and experiments .
2.Deductive approach:
• The Lerner proceeds from general to particular and formula .
• For example: The formula is explained to the students and they
asked to solve the problem with the help of formula.
• Deductive teaching (also called direct instruction) is much less
“constructively” and is based on the idea that a highly structured
presentation of content creates optimal learning for students.
• Example:
when teaching a new grammar concept, the teacher will
introduce the concept, explain the rules related to its use,
and finally the students will practice using the concept in a
variety of different ways.
3.Analytical Approach:
• It means the breaking of the problem in hand so that it
ultimately gets connected with something obvious or
already known to us.
• An analytical approach is the use of an appropriate
process to break a problem down into the
elements necessary to solve it.
Example: Working in a customer environment and
resolving complaints, particularly in situations where
there is no protocol.
4.SYNTHETIC APPROACH:

• We proceed from known too unknown. It begins from

something already known and connects it with the unknown
part of the statement. It being with the data available or
known and connects them with the unknown means we are
going through from known to unknown.
• Example: One in which the child first learns to recognize
written letters and understand their associated sounds
before learning to combine letters into syllables and
words
 TEACHER ROLE IN PROBLEM
SOLVING

• Define the problem clearly.

• Got them to make many suggestions by encouraging them.
• To analyses the situation in parts.
• To recall previously known similar cases and general rules
that apply.
• Get them to evaluate each suggestion carefully by
encouraging them.
• To maintain a state of doubt or suspended conclusion.
• Get them to organize the material by proceeding.
• To build on outline on the board.
• To use diagrams and graphs.
• To formulate concise statement of the net outcome of
discussion Problem solving.
• A teacher who has an ability to see problem clearly, the
power of analyze with a keen observation and the faculty to
synthesize and draw conclusion with an accuracy.”
 USES OF PROBLEM SOLVING IN
NURSING
• Develop ability to analyze the problem and to take proper solution in the
critical condition that encounter in the clinical setting.
• Problem solving method also helps the students to solve this problem in
real life situation without much stress.
• It helps the student to solve the similar problem in future with
confidence.
• It develops critical thinking of pupil.
• In the class/group it will develop mutual understanding
among the group members.
• It helps the care giver/nurse to develop a skill to help the
patient .
• Develop ability in nurse to select the problem-solving
strategy according to patients abilities and life style.
 ADVANTAGES PROBLEM
SOLVING METHOD

• This approach is most effective in developing skill in

employing the science processes.
• The student’s active involvement resulting in meaningful
experiences serves as a strong motivation
• Problem-solving develops higher level thinking skills.
• The students become appreciative and grateful for the
achievement of scientists.
• A keen sense of responsibility, originality and
resourcefulness are developed, which are much-needed
ingredients for independent study.
• It develop Critical thinking, open-mindedness and wise
judgment are among scientific attitudes and values .
• The students learn to accept the opinions and evidence
shared by others.
 DISADVANTAGES PROBLEM SOLVING
METHOD
• Generally speaking, problem – solving involves mental
activity only.
• Small children do not possess sufficient background
information & therefore they fail to participation in
discussion.
• Students may not have adequate reference and sources
books.
• It involves lot of times.
• -It needs very capable teacher to provide effective
guidance and knowledge to students.
• - It is a time-consuming process; teacher may find it
difficult to complete the syllabus.
 LIMITATIONS

The limitations are mainly due to ineffective use of the

problem-solving method:
• When a classroom is completely teacher dominated then in
such a classroom the problem-solving method will fail.
• Difficult to organize e- contents of syllabus according to
this method.
• Time consuming method.
• All topics and areas cannot be covered by this method.
• There is a lack of suitable books and references for the
students.
• Method does not suit students of lower classes.
• Mental activity dominates this method. Hence there is
neglect of physical and practical experiences.
 SUMMERY
Today We Discussed Regarding the Problem-Solving Method in
That We Seen Definition, Purposes, Steps of Problem-Solving
Method, Essential Features of Problem-Solving Method, Steps of
Problem-Solving Process, Teacher Role in Problem Solving, Uses of
Problem Solving in Nursing, Approaches in Problem Solving,
Advantages Of Problem-Solving Method and Disadvantages of
Problem-Solving Method.
 CONCLUSION

Problem solving approach is meaningful, developmental and

sequential based on the discovery of generalization. It involves the
thought process that involves drought or a problem it is important
contribution to learning.
 REFRENCES

 Bhaskar Nima & Bhaskar “Text Book of Nursing

Education” First Edition (2013), Published by Emmess
Medical Publishers.
 KP Neerja “Text Book of Communication and Education
Technology for Nurses” First Edition (2011), Published by
Jaypee Medical Publishers, Page no. 277 to 280.
 Jaspreet Kaur Sodhi “Comprehensive Text Book of Nursing
Education” Edition (2017), published by Jaypee Medical
Publishers, Page no.68 to 73
 Website
https://www.slideshare.net/jalpaJalpa/problem-solving-meth
od-70785955
 R Sudhdha “Nursing Education Principles and Concepts”
First Edition (2013), Published by Jaypee Medical
Publishers