Time-division Multiplexing (TDM)

by:
Morteza Abbas
Outline:

• Multiplexing
• Time Division Multiplexing (TDM)
• Synchronous Time Division Multiplexing
• Asynchronous Time Division Multiplexing
• The GSM frame structure
Multiplexing:

• Multiplexing is the set of techniques that allows the

simultaneous transmission of multiple signals across a
single data link.
• A Multiplexer (MUX) is a device that combines several
signals into a single signal.
• A Demultiplexer (DEMUX) is a device that performs
the inverse operation.
Categories of Multiplexing:

Frequency Wave-length
Time Division Multiplexing (TDM):

• Sharing of the signal is accomplished by dividing

available transmission time on a medium among users.

• Digital signaling is used exclusively.

• Time division multiplexing comes in two basic forms:

1. Synchronous time division multiplexing
2. Statistical, or asynchronous time division
multiplexing.
Time Division Multiplexing (TDM):

• Time-division multiplexing (TDM) is a digital process used

when the data rate capacity of the transmission medium >
data rate required by the sending and receiving devices.
 TDM:

TDM is a digital multiplexing technique to combine

data
Synchronous Time Division Multiplexing:
Framing bits:
Asynchronous Time Division Multiplexing:
• Asynchronous TDM is a more flexible method of TDM.
With Asynchronous TDM the length of time allocated
is not fixed for each device but time is given to devices
that have data to transmit.

• This version of TDM works by tagging each frame with

an identification number to note which device it
belongs to. This may require more processing by the
multiplexor and take longer, however, the time saved
by efficient and effective bandwidth utilization makes
it worthwhile.
Asynchronous Time Division Multiplexing :
• Asynchronous TDM allows more devices than there is
physical bandwidth for
The GSM frame structure: