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Brain Gate: Name:Tejas .P.Bhandari Seat No:77 T.Y.B.C.A Sem-6
Brain Gate: Name:Tejas .P.Bhandari Seat No:77 T.Y.B.C.A Sem-6
Name:Tejas .P.Bhandari
Seat No:77
Guided by: Sindhu Pandya
T.Y.B.C.A Sem-6
CONTENT
• Introduction
• Development
• Working principle
• Components in this system
• Software behind brain gate
• Application
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
• Conclusion
INTRODUCTION
What is brain gate technology?
• Brain gate is neuroprosthetic devices that converts brain activity
into computer commands
• It is designed to help those who have lost control of their limbs or
other bodily function, such as patients with Amyotropic Lateral
Scleroris (ALS) or spinal cord injury
• The mind-to-movement system that allows a handicaped man to
control a computer using only his thoughts is done by using BRAIN
GATE SYSTEM
What It Is?
• The sensor consists of a tiny
chip with one hundred
electrode sensors each thinner
than a hair that detect brain
cell electrical activity.
DEVELOPMENT
• Brain gate is a brain implant System developed by the bio-tech
company Cyberkinetics in 2003 in conjunction with the
Department of Neuroscience at Brown University.
• The brain gate is the culmination of 10
years of research in the laboratory of
Dr.John Donoghue, who is the chair man of
the Neuroscience Department at Brown
University and chief scientific officer for
cyberkinetics.
• He studied the functioning of brain gate in
monkeys and proved that they were able to
control a curser on a computer monitor Dr.John Donoghue
with their thoughts.
Cont…
• In July 2009, a second clinical trail (dubbed “Brain Gate2”)
was initiated by researchers at Massachusetts General
Hospital, Brown University.
• The Principle of Operation behind the brain gate System is that with
intact brain function, brain signals are generated even though they are
not sent to the arms, hands and legs.
• Neuroprosthetic device
BRAIN CONTROL MOTOR FUNCTION
• The brain is "hardwired" with connections,
which are made by billions of neurons that
make electricity whenever they are
stimulated.
• The electrical patterns are called brain
waves.
• Muscles in the body's limbs contain
embedded sensors called muscle spindles
that measure the length and speed of the
muscles as they stretch and contract as you
move. Other sensors in the skin respond to
stretching and pressure.
NEURO FEEDBACK
• A technique called neuro feedback
uses connecting sensors on the scalp
to translate brain waves into
information a person can learn from.
• The sensors register different
frequencies of the signals produced
in the brain.
• These changes in brain wave
patterns indicate whether someone is
concentrating or suppressing his
impulses, or whether he is relaxed or
tense.
NEUROPROTHETIC DEVICE
• A neuroprosthetic device
converts brain activity into
computer commands.
NON-INVASIVE
• No break in the skin is made.
Activities are carried out on the scalp.
COMPONENTS
o NEUROCHIP
o CONNECTOR
o PREPROCESSING SECTION
o COMPUTER
o EXERNAL DEVICES
SOFTWARE BEHIND BRAIN GATE
• The computer translate brain activity
and create the communication output
using custom decoding software.
• System uses translation algorithm in
which a linear equation translate mu-
rhythm or 10 time/s, adaptive
algorithms and pattern-matching
techniques to facilitate communication.
• The algorithms are written in C, JAVA
and MATLAB.
BRAIN GATE RESEARCH IN ANIMALS
• At first , Rat were implanted with Brain Computer Interface.
• Signals Recorded from the cerebral cortex of rat to operate Brain
Computer Interface to carry out the movement.
Cont…
• Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh had demonstrated on a
monkey that can feed itself with a robotic arm simply by using
signals from its brain. Using only its mind the monkey was able to
control a cursor on computer monitor via Brain Gate.
APPLICATION
• In Fox borough , a 25-year old paralyzed patient sits in wheelchair
with wires coming out of a bottle-cap-size connector stuck in his
skull.The wires run from 100 tiny sensors implanted in his brain and
out to a computer.Using just his thoughts, he was playing the
computer game pong.
Statement Of Nagle