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Intellectual Revolution That Defined Society: By: Jesza Mei F. Ganiron
Intellectual Revolution That Defined Society: By: Jesza Mei F. Ganiron
Intellectual Revolution That Defined Society: By: Jesza Mei F. Ganiron
Defined Society
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-worldhistory/chapter/the-scientific-revolution/
Variables that influence the development of Science Ideas,
Science Discoveries, and Technology:
Passion to SCIENCE.
Curiosity Know DISCOVERIES
Critical Passion to
Discover
TECHNOLOGY
Thinking
Paradigm shift
an important change that happens when the usual
way of thinking about or doing something is
replaced by a new and different way.
Image source:
https://hekint.org/2017/01/22/objections-to-
by Thomas Kuhn kuhns-theory-of-scientific-progression/
The duck-rabbit ambiguous image, which Thomas Kuhn famously used as a gestalt
demonstration in his scientific philosophy of paradigm shifts, where existing
premises are seen in a previously unseen way during a “revolution”.
https://www.npr.org/sections/13.7/2016/07/18/486487713/what-is-a-paradigm-shift-anyway
https://hekint.org/2017/01/22/objections-to-kuhns-theory-of-scientific-progression/
COPERNICAN REVOLUTION
Nicolaus Copernicus
• “sun as the center of the universe.”
• 1543- his book “De revolutionibus orbium
coelestium” (On the Revolution of the Heavenly
Spheres) is often cited as the start of scientific
revolution
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Copernican-Revolution
DARWINIAN REVOLUTION
Charles Darwin
• Theory of Evolution
• “all species of organisms arise and develop through the natural
selection of small, inherited variations that increase the individual's
ability to compete, survive, and reproduce.”
• Published his book “On the Origin of Species” in 1859
2 main points:
Evolution
Natural Selection
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Copernican-Revolution
https://www.google.com/search?
q=darwinian+revolution&rlz=1C1UEAD_enPH974PH974&oq=darwinian+re&aqs=chrome.0.0i131i355i433i512j46i131i433i512j0i512j69i57j0i512l6.7146j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
FREUDIAN REVOLUTION
Sigmund Freud
• psychoanalytic theory
https://opentextbc.ca/psychologyopenstax/chapter/freud-and-the-psychodynamic-perspective/
https://www.verywellmind.com/the-id-ego-and-superego-2795951
Defense Mechanisms
When we use defense
mechanisms, we are unaware
that we are using them. Further,
they operate in various ways that
distort reality. According to
Freud, we all use ego defense
mechanisms.
https://opentextbc.ca/psychologyopenstax/chapter/freud-and-the-psychodynamic-perspective/
Cradles of Early Science
Mesoamerica
Asia
Middle East
Africa
DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCE IN MESOAMERICA
MAYA CIVILIZATION
The Maya civilization developed in an area that
encompasses southeastern Mexico, all
of Guatemala and Belize, and the western portions
of Honduras and El Salvador.
Known for:
tumpline or mecapal Mayan Art
rubber Mayan Medicine
chocolate
https://interestingengineering.com/9-incredible-mayan-inventions-and-achievements-and-one-they-surprisingly-missed
https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2017/08/tumplines/537306/
Image source: http://blackorchidresort.blogspot.com/2012/12/mayan-calendar-
and-anniversary-of.html
INCA CIVILIZATION
Known for:
Roads paved with stones First suspension bridge
Stone buildings Quipu
Irrigation system Inca textiles
Calendar with 12 months Mita system
https://www.worldhistory.org/Inca_Civilization/
https://www.fcusd.org/cms/lib/CA01001934/Centricity/Domain/1168/inca%20achievements%20placards.pdf
AZTEC CIVILIZATION
Known for:
Mandatory Education Aztec calendar
Antispasmodic medication Canoe
Chinampa
Image soure:
https://www.mexicolore.co.uk/images-
5/593_15_2.jpg
https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/aztec-civilization/
DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCE IN ASIA
India
Manufacturing irons and metallurgical works Mohenjodaro ruler
Medicine: Aryabhata
Ayurveda Brahmagupta
Sushruta Samhita Madhava of Sangamagrama
Siddhata Shiromani
https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/saint-paul-university-philippines/bsnursing/cradles-of-early-science/7779065
China
• Traditional medicine
Ibn Sina
Book of Healing
https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/saint-paul-university-philippines/bsnursing/cradles-of-early-science/7779065
DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCE IN AFRICA
Geometry
Alchemy
Astronomy
Metallurgy
https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/saint-paul-university-philippines/bsnursing/cradles-of-early-science/7779065
INFORMATION REVOLUTION
• Alan Turing’s machine introduced the idea that thinking and being
conscious could be attributed to nonhuman entities
• Today, computers, laptops, and smartphones are used widely and became
even easier with the help of the internet.