EXPLORING

POLARITY OF
MOLECULES AND
ITS PROPERTIES
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Quarter 3 Module 2

MARICAR P. DIMAS - TEACHER 2

02
INTRODUCTION
“Three things about water affect almost all
of cooking. First are the hydrogen bonds,
that is why it has an incredibly high boiling
point. Another is that it’s a polar molecule,
so that it dissolves a lot of things, and there
are things that won’t mix with it…”
–Nathan Myhrvold
03
OBJECTIVES
The learners will be able to :
• Determine if the molecule is
polar or non-polar;
• Relate the polarity of a
molecules to its properties.
 Investigate the solubility and
miscibility of sugar using different
solvents such as water, alcohol and
cooking oil.

ACTIVITY 1 SOLUBLE OR
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MISCIBLE?
 WHAT I KNOW
1. WHICH OF THE
FOLLOWING STATEMENT IS
TRUE ABOUT WATER?
a. It is a polar molecule
b. It is a non-polar molecule
c. It is both polar & non-polar
d. It has no polarity
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 WHAT I KNOW
2. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WILL BE THE
SOLVENT IF A NON-POLAR SUBSTANCE
DISSOLVES IN AN UNKNOWN LIQUID?

a. Non-polar
b. Polar
c. Water
d. All of the above
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 WHAT I KNOW
3. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING
SHAPES IS MOST LIKELY FORM OF A
NON-POLAR MOLECULE?
a. Asymmetric linear
b. Bent
c. Square planar
d. Pyramidal
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WHAT I KNOW
4. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS AN
EXAMPLE OF A NON-POLAR
MOLECULE?
a. CO2
b. H2O
c. NH3
d. SO2
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WHAT I KNOW
5. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS AN
EXAMPLE OF A POLAR MOLECULE?

a. HCl
b. BF3
c. CCl4
d. XeF4
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ACTIVITY 2

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POLARITY OF
MOLECULES
 DEFINITION
POLARITY
- is a physical aspect of a molecule that affects and influences the behavior of a
molecule ;
- refers to having a dipole, that is, a positive and a negative end.
- is dictated by the distribution of electrons in the molecule; either the electrons are
equally distributed or unevenly scattered throughout the molecule.
- It is a separation of electric charges in the molecule due to the electric dipole
moment. Such separation of charges leads to the positively charged end of a molecule
and the negatively charged end. These two polar ends act as electric poles that differ
in electric charges. This property of the molecule having different electric charges is
termed polarity.
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How to determine
Molecular Polarity?

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 HOW TO DETERMINE
POLARITY?

The geometrical shape of the

The polarity of the molecule which can be
bonds between atoms predicted via the valence shell
which can be studied electron
based on pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory

electronegativity,

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 polar or non polar?
Electro negativity (EN)
- Measure of the relative tendency of an atom to attract electrons to itself when
chemically combined with another atom. The higher the value of electronegativity, the
more it tends to attract electrons toward itself

Polar covalent bonds occur when electron

pairs are unequally shared. The difference in Non-polar covalent bonds occur when
electronegativity between atoms is
significant. electron pairs are shared equally or the
HCl difference in
EN of H = 2.1 EN of Cl = 3.0 ΔEN = 0.9 electronegativity between atoms is less
HF than 0.5.
EN of H = 2.1 EN of F = 4.0 ΔEN = 1.9
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 MOLECULAR SHAPES
The valence shell electron pair repulsion theory or VSEPR theory helps predict
the spatial arrangement of atoms in a polyatomic molecule. The shapes are
designed to minimize the repulsion within a molecule.
THANK
YOU!
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ELEMENTS