Energy:

The Enterprise Presented By; Apoorva{50009478},

Nikita Singh{500097294}
M.Tech(HSE), 1st Year
UPES , Dehradun
 CONTENT

1. Energy 4. Energy 7. Smart Grid

Consumption
2. Energy Sources 5. Green House 8. Adaptation
Gases
3. Energy Form’s 6. Energy & Utility 9. Conclusion
Solutions
ENERGY:
• Energy is a very complex and abstract idea because
there is nothing that we can call pure energy. Energy
exist in several forms such as heat ,kinetic
energy ,potential energy, light or other forms.

• When energy is used to perform work, such as to

produce electricity, heat is released in the process.
This heat can be used to heat a house or to grow
plants in a greenhouse.

• Overall, energy used in the following areas:

transportation, industrial, residential, commercial,
and electric power. Each area relies on multiple
different sources of energy.
Source of
Energy:- • There are two sources of energy: Renewable Energy Source &

Nonrenewable Energy Source.

• Renewable sources are solar energy (from the sun), wind, water,

geothermal (from the earth) and biomass (from organic materials,

plants), hydropower from flowing water.

• Non-renewable energy sources don't replenish, and are formed

when prehistoric plants and animals died and were gradually

buried by layers of soil rock like petrol,coal .

 Eletrical Energy Nuclear Energy
Energy Form’s Energy Form’s

Chemical Energy
Radiant/Light Energy

Gravitational Potential Energy

Kinetic Energy {Stored energy}
Thermal/Heat Energy
{Energy in Energy
Motion}

Elastic Energy
Sound Energy

Kinetic Mechanical
Magnetic Energy
Energy
 Energy Consumption:
 There are four end-use sectors that purchase or produce energy for their own
consumption and not for resale:

• The residential sector includes homes and apartments.

• The commercial sector includes offices, malls, stores, schools, hospitals, hotels,
warehouses, restaurants, and places of worship and public assembly.

• The industrial sector includes facilities and equipment used for manufacturing,
agriculture, mining, and construction.

• The transportation sector includes vehicles that transport people or goods,

such as cars, trucks, buses, motorcycles, trains, aircraft, boats, barges, and
ships.
Continued……
 These end-use sectors consume primary energy and also
purchase and use most of the electricity (a secondary
energy source) the electric power sector produces and
sells. The electric power sector consumes primary energy
to generate electricity for sale to the other four sectors.
The end-use sectors also produce some electricity for
their own use, which in the industrial and commercial
sectors is called direct use.

 Total energy consumption in the end-use sectors includes

their primary energy use, purchased electricity, and
electrical system energy losses the generation,
transmission, and distribution of purchased electricity)
and other energy losses.
 Energy Consumption Renewable energy consumption
Renewable
energy Geothermal
Coal
17% energy
30% Biomass 0.4%
energy
1.6% Hydro
Nuclear energy
energy 7.5%
20%
Wind
Natural energy
gas 6.3%
32%
 Green House Gases:
 The sun heats objects, which causes them to give off infrared radiation.
Instead of being released into space, this infrared radiation is reflected back
to the earth by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, which causes global
warming.

 Greenhouse gases are measured on two parameters:

a. The ability of the gas to reflect infrared light back to earth.
b. The amount of time that the gas spends in the atmosphere

 These two parameters together make up a greenhouse gas's global warming

potential (GWP). Some examples of greenhouse gases include: methane,
carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and water vapor.

 Methane has a higher GWP than carbon dioxide, even though it stays in the
atmosphere for less time, because it has a much higher ability to reflect
infrared energy back to earth. Methane is produced from growing rice, cattle
flatulence, and naturally in bogs/ swamps.
Energy & Utility Solutions:
 The Energy and utilities globally covers electric
generation, transmission, distribution and retailing of
natural gas and water service provision.

 It also supports the smart grid and is relied upon as

reliable energy source.

 Utility of renewable energy resources increasingly being

exploited as energy source because of its low cost
operation and able to meet environmental regulations.

 A possibility for future energy supply would be to utilize

solar panels to provide us energy during the day, while
also storing excess energy in the batteries of our cars that
could be used at night when the sun is not out.
Smart Grid:
 A smart grid is an electrical grid which includes a variety of operation
and energy measures including: Advanced metering infrastructure
Smart distribution boards and circuit breakers integrated with home
control and demand response

 Smart grids are fitted with sensors that gather and transmit data.
This information makes it possible to automatically adjust electricity
flows.
 This grid can communicate with any smart meters , for example, turn
on consumers' home appliances automatically when there is a lot of
electricity in the grid and prices are therefore lower.
 Adaptation:
 New technologies in the energy industry are

creating new job opportunities.

 Companies are trying to increase sustainability

by reducing their use of resources, decreasing

fuel consumption, analyzing and improving

packaging, and utilizing sustainable energy

sources.
 Conclusion
 To increase sustainability we have to include : having sufficient home insulation, making
efficient lifestyle choices, living in smaller homes, reducing consumption, etc.
.
 Safety is the primary objective for the utility industry.

 We need to have a much more market-driven approach to the energy industry. In the future,
the consumer will control the outcome based on their needs. Innovative technologies will
allow the consumer to produce its own energy.

 Predictive analytics are starting to become prevalent to decrease damage and increase
safety. The future generation of data analytics for utility services is artificial intelligence (AI).