Let’s Review

1. It is a sudden calamitous
event, bringing great
damage, loss, destruction
and devastation.

DISASTE
RTAIESSD
 Let’s Review

2. A path along the pacific

ocean characterized by
active volcanoes and
earthquake.
RING OF
FIREFO IREF
INGR
 Let’s Review
3. A natural phenomena is
caused by natural forces,
such as earthquake, typhoon,
volcanic eruptions,
hurricanes, fires, tornados,
NATURAL
and extreme temperature.
 Let’s Review
4. Disasters caused by man
are those in which major
direct causes are identifiable
intentional or non-intentional
human actions.
MAN MADE
 Let’s Review
5. The word disaster is derived
from the Greek pejorative prefix
“dus” and “aster” which means
____________.
BAD STAR
DBA RTAS
Disaster
risk
 Disaster Risk
DISASTER RISK
⮚ is the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
health status, livelihood, and/or assets and
services, which could occur to a particular
community or a society over some specified
is thefuture time period.
potential It signifies
disaster the possibility
losses in termsof
greater adverse effects when it happens, as these
of lives, health
are often status,
difficult livelihood, and/or
to quantify.
assets and services, which could occur
to a particular community or a society
over some specified future time period.
 CATEGORIES
Disaster Risk OF
⮚ isDISASTER RISK
the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
health status, livelihood, and/or assets and
1.community
Intensive Risks
services, which could occur to a particular
or a society over some specified
2.greater
Extensive Risks
future time period. It signifies the possibility of
adverse effects when it happens, as these
are often difficult to quantify.
 INTENSIVE RISK
Disaster Risk
⮚ is the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
health status, livelihood, and/or assets and
Involve thewhich
services, exposure
could occur of tolarge
a particular
amount of people
community in over
or a society a specific
some specified
future time period. It signifies the possibility of
geographic area
greater adverse effectsto extreme
when it happens, events
as these
that are
can further
often difficult tolead to catastrophic
quantify.

disaster impacts involving high

mortality rate and asset lose.
 EXTENSIVE RISK
Disaster Risk
⮚ is the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
health status, livelihood, and/or assets and
Is concerned
services, whichmore on the
could occur to aexposure
particular
of dispersed
community orpopulation
a society over someto various
specified
future time period. It signifies the possibility of
hazard ofadverse
greater low effects
or moderate intensity.
when it happens, as these
are often difficult to quantify.
 ELEMENTS
Disaster Risk OF
⮚ isDISASTER RISK
the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
health status, livelihood, and/or assets and
services, which could occur to a particular
community or a society over some specified
future time period. It signifies the possibility of
greater adverse effects when it happens, as these
are often difficult to quantify.

Disaster risk is the result of Hazard,

Vulnerability and Exposure.
 Disaster Risk
HAZARD
⮚ is the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
health status, livelihood, and/or assets and
services, which could occur to a particular
• Iscommunity
potentially damaging physical
or a society over some specified
event, phenomenon,
future time period. It signifiesorthehuman
possibility of
greater adverse
activity that mayeffects cause
when it happens, as these
the loss of
are often difficult to quantify.
lives, injury, property damage, social
and economic disruption or
environmental damage.
 Disaster Risk
VULNERABILITY
⮚ is the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
health status, livelihood, and/or assets and
• services,
State which could
of being occur to a particular
at risk.
community or a society over some specified
• asfuture
the time
characteristics
period. It signifiesand
the possibility of
circumstances of when
greater adverse effects a community,
it happens, as these
are often difficult to quantify.
system or resource that make it
susceptible to the damaging effects
of a hazard
 Disaster Risk
EXPOSURE
⮚ is the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
health status, livelihood, and/or assets and
• services,
It is which could
the degree occur toa a particular
to which
community or a society over some specified
community is likely
future time period. to experience
It signifies the possibility of
hazard events
greater adverse of when
effects different
it happens, as these
are often difficult to quantify.
magnitude.
• It refers to those people or
properties which are directly affected
by natural or man-made disasters.
 Disaster Risk
EXPOSURE
⮚ is the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
health status, livelihood, and/or assets and
services, which could occur to a particular
Example
community or a society over some specified
• People living
future time inItthe
period. area
signifies the that getsof
possibility
flooded easily
greater adverse during
effects when ittyphoon.
happens, as these
• are often difficult to quantify.
People living in the foot of the
mountain where landslide is a
common thing.
 Disaster Risk
CAPACITY
⮚ is the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
health status, livelihood, and/or assets and
• Is services, which could
the capability andoccur to a particular
coping ability of
community or a society over some specified
schools,
future timehouseholds,
period. It signifiesand
the possibility of
communities to manage
greater adverse effects when
when it happens, as these
are often difficult to quantify.
disaster hits.
In the conceptDisaster of DRRRRisk is no longer a
disaster
⮚ is the but a natural
potential hazards.
disaster losses in terms of lives,
• Earthquake
health status, livelihood, and/or assets and
• Floods
services, which could occur to a particular
community or a society over some specified
• Volcanic
future timeeruption
period. It signifies the possibility of
• Landslide
greater adverse effects when it happens, as these
are often difficult to quantify.
• Drought
• Tsunami
• Forest fire
 Disaster
Disaster Risk risk
equation
⮚ is the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
health status, livelihood, and/or assets and
services, which could occur to a particular
community or a society over some specified
future time period. It signifies the possibility of
greater adverse effects when it happens, as these
are often difficult to quantify.
 Disaster Risk
Disaster risk factors
⮚ is the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
health status, livelihood, and/or assets and
services, which
Are variables thatcould occurworsen
either to a particular
or
community or a society over some specified
lessen thetime
future effects
period. Itofsignifies
hazards, affecting
the possibility of
the degree or scope
greater adverse of ait disaster.
effects when happens, as these
are often difficult to quantify.
 Disaster Risk
Disaster risk factors
⮚ is the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
health status, livelihood, and/or assets and
1. Physical factors
services, which could occur to a particular
•community or a society over some specified
Includes visible or tangible
future time period. It signifies the possibility of
materials
greater or infrastructure.
adverse effects when it happens, as these
•are often
Example:
difficult toavailability
quantify. of the fire
exits, sturdiness of the building.
2. Psychological factors
• RefersDisasterto the stateRiskof mental
capacity
⮚ is the and losses
potential disaster health.
in terms of lives,
health status, livelihood, and/or assets and
services, which could occur to a particular
3. Socio-cultural
community or a society factorsover some specified
•futureReligion
time period. It signifies the possibility of
greater adverse effects when it happens, as these
•are often
Social status
difficult to quantify.
• Traditions
• Perception by society
4. Economic factors
• Focus Disaster Risk of
on the disruption
economic
⮚ is the activities
potential disaster in the
losses in terms of lives,
health status, livelihood, and/or assets and
community.
services, which could occur to a particular
•community
Assets or and liabilities
a society over some specified
•futureIncome
time period. It signifies the possibility of
greater adverse effects when it happens, as these
•are often
Social and economic
difficult to quantify.
class
5. Political factors
• Deals with government
services are used to reduce
loss or damage by preparing
 Disaster Risk
⮚ is the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
6. Biological
health status,factors
livelihood, and/or assets and
•services,
Health which could occur to a particular
issues
community or a society over some specified
•futureInjuries
time period. It signifies the possibility of
•greater
Diseases
adverse effects when it happens, as these
are often difficult to quantify.
 Disaster Risk
Take
⮚ is note that disaster losses in terms of lives,
the potential
health status, livelihood, and/or assets and
services, which could occur to a particular
Disaster – isorana event
community thatsome
society over hasspecified
happened
future timealready
period. It signifies the possibility of
greater adverse effects when it happens, as these
are often difficult to quantify.
Disaster risk – is an event that has the
potential to occur.
 Risk factors underlying
Disaster Risk
Disasters
Secondary factors
⮚ is the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
health status, livelihood, and/or assets and
1. Climate change
services, which could occur to a particular
2. Environmental
community or a society degradation
over some specified
3. Globalized economic
future time period. development
It signifies the possibility of
greater adverse effects when it happens, as these
4. Poverty and inequality
are often difficult to quantify.
5. Poorly planned and managed urban
development
6. Weak governance
 Risk factors underlying
Disaster Risk
Disasters
1. Climate change – climate change
⮚ is the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
health status, livelihood, and/or assets and
can increase disaster risk in
services, which could occur to a particular
a
variety
communityoforways – by
a society overaltering the
some specified
frequency andIt signifies
future time period. intensity of hazards
the possibility of
greater adverse effects when it happens, as these
events, affecting vulnerability
are often difficult to quantify.
to
hazards, and changing exposure
patterns.
2. Environmental degradation– It is
both a driver and consequence of
 Risk factors underlying
Disaster Risk
Disasters
3. Globalized Economic
⮚ is the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
health status, livelihood, and/or assets and
Development – It resulted
services, which could occur to a particular
in
increased
community or polarization
a society over somebetween
specifiedthe
rich
futureand poor Iton
time period. a global
signifies scale.of
the possibility
greater adverse effects when it happens, as these
4. Poverty and Inequality
are often difficult to quantify.
-Poverty is
both a driver and consequence of
disasters, and the processes that
further disaster risk related poverty
are permeated with inequality.
 Risk factors underlyin
Disasters
Disaster
5. Poorly-planned and RiskManaged
Urban
⮚ is theDevelopment
potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
▪ health
A new wave
status, of urbanization
livelihood, and/or assets is and
services, which could occur to a particular
unfolding in hazard-exposed
community or a society over some specified
countries
future and
time period. with it,thenew
It signifies possibility of
greater adverse effectsfor
opportunities when it happens, as these
resilient
are often difficult to quantify.
investment emerge.
6. Weak Governance
▪ Weak governance zones are
investment environments in which
 Effects of
Disaster Risk
The effectsDisasters
of disasters vary, mostly
⮚ is the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
depending on the
health status, severity
livelihood, and/orof assets
the and
exposure
services, of life,could
which property,
occur toand the
a particular
community ortoa the
environment society over some
hazard. specifiedthe
Usually,
future time period. It signifies the possibility of
severity
greaterof the effects
adverse effects when ofit ahappens,
disaster is
as these
higher in the
are often community
difficult to quantify. directly
affected by the hazard. According to
measurable severity, the effects of
disasters are :
1. Primary Effects
 Primary Effects
Disaster Risk
▪ are direct situations arising from
⮚ is the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
the
disaster itself.
health status, For example,
livelihood, and/or assetswhen and a
strong
services,typhoon
which could hitsoccur
the tovillage, it can
a particular
community or a society over some specified
cause primary
future time effects
period. It signifies such as of
the possibility
flooding, destruction
greater adverse effects when of houses,
it happens, as these
are often difficult to quantify.
damage to property and loss of life.
 Secondary
Disaster Risk
▪ are
⮚
Effects
situations resulting from the
is the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
primary effects.
health status, Among
livelihood, theassets and
and/or
secondary
services, which effects
could of a strong
occur to a particular
community or a society over some specified
typhoon
future timethat has
period. hits athevillage
It signifies is ofthe
possibility
disruption ofeffects
greater adverse electrical and water
when it happens, as these
are often difficult to quantify.
services because of damage to
power and water lines.
 Tertiary Risk
Disaster Effects
⮚ is the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
▪ are those
health that
status, are notand/or
livelihood, experienced
assets and
asservices,
a disasterwhich iscould occur place
taking to a particular
but can
community or a society over some specified
befuture
felttime
some time
period. after the
It signifies thepossibility
disaster of
occurred. They
greater adverse effectsmay
when also develop
it happens, as these
are often difficult to quantify.
from primary or secondary effects
that have become permanent and
may change natural process in the
community.
 Tertiary Effects
Disaster Risk
▪ In⮚ isthethe same
potentialexample,
disaster lossesof in the
termsruined
of lives,
health status, livelihood, and/or assets and
village, flooding is a primary
services, which could occur to a particular
effect
that may become
community or a societytertiary
over someeffect when
specified
thefuture
location of the
time period. village’s
It signifies river of
the possibility
greater adverse effects when it happens, as these
channel
are often changes as the result of
difficult to quantify.
flooding, leaving the old channel dry.
This in turn, can give rise to other
effects such as lack of water for
crops grown in the village and lack of
 Disaster Risk
⮚ is the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
health status, livelihood, and/or assets and
services, which could occur to a particular

TYPES OF
community or a society over some specified
future time period. It signifies the possibility of
greater adverse effects when it happens, as these
DISASTER
are often difficult to quantify.
The types of disasters are classified
according to the hazards that caused
Disaster
them to happen. There are Risk two main
types
⮚ isof
thedisasters: Natural
potential disaster losses inand
termsman-
of lives,
made.health status, livelihood, and/or assets and
services, which could occur to a particular
⮚ Natural
community disasters
or a society overaresome
devastating
specified
outcomes thatIt result
future time period. signifies from natural
the possibility of
greater adverse effects when it happens, as these
hazards.
are often difficult to quantify.
⮚ Man-made disasters, also called
technological disaster, are
destructions from man-made
hazards.
 Natural
Disaster Risk
Disaster
Landslides - sliding
⮚ is the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
downhealth status, oflivelihood,
of a mass earth and/or assets and
services, which could occur to a particular
or rock from a mountain
community or a society over some specified
or cliff.
future time period. It signifies the possibility of
greater adverse effects when it happens, as these
Drought - a difficult
are often deficiencyto quantify.
of rainfall over an
extended period. Lack of
rainfall leads to
inadequate water supply
Fire - an occurrence in
which something burns,
Disaster
the event of something
Risk
burning such
⮚ is the as adisaster losses in terms of lives,
potential
health
building often status, livelihood, and/or assets and
services, which could occur to a particular
destructive.
community or a society over some specified
Volcanic
futureEruption
time period.- Itthe
signifies the possibility of
sudden occurrence
greater of awhen it happens, as these
adverse effects
violentaredischarge ofto quantify.
often difficult
steam and volcanic
material.
Flood - an overflowing
of a large amount of
Cyclones –Disaster
strong Risk
winds
⮚ isthat are formed
the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
over the oceans.
health status, livelihood, and/or assets and
services, which could occur to a particular
community or a society over some specified
future time period. It signifies the possibility of
Tsunami
greater– adverse
a series of when it happens, as these
effects
wavesareinoften
a body of to quantify.
difficult
water caused by the
displacement of a large
volume of water,
generally in an ocean or
Heavy rains – liquid
water in the form of
droplets which Disaster
become Risk
heavy ⮚ isenough to fall
the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
under health
gravity. status, livelihood, and/or assets and
Pest infestation
services, which – any
could occur to a particular
community
organisms or a society over some specified
that damages
future time period. It signifies the possibility of
crops, greater
injuries or irritates
adverse effects when it happens, as these
livestock or man,
are often orto quantify.
difficult
reduces the fertility of
land.
Tornadoes – a violent
rotating column of air
 Man-made
Disasters
Disaster
Epidemics – an acute Risk
infectious
⮚ is thedisease
potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
causedhealth
by astatus,
virus. livelihood, and/or assets and
War – services,
a state which could occur to a particular
of usually
community or a society over some specified
open and declared
future time period. It signifies the possibility of
armedgreater
hostile conflict
adverse effects when it happens, as these
between states
are often or to quantify.
difficult
nations.
Oil spill – is the release
of a liquid petroleum into
the environment,
Road accidents – an
undesirable or
unfortunate Disaster
happening Risk
that occurs
⮚ is the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
unintentionally andlivelihood, and/or assets and
health status,
usuallyservices,
resultswhich
in harm,
could occur to a particular
injury, community
damage, or or aloss;
society over some specified
future time period. It signifies the possibility of
casualty.
greater adverse effects when it happens, as these
Armedareconflicts – to
often difficult a quantify.
contested incompatibility
which concerns
government and/or
territory where the use of
Industrial and
Chemical Hazards – are
situations that Disaster
posses Risk
threat⮚ istothe
life, health,
potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
property,
healthor environment.
status, livelihood, and/or assets and
Any real or potential
services, which could occur to a particular
community
conditions or a society
produced by over some specified
future time period. It signifies the possibility of
industries that can cause
greater adverse effects when it happens, as these
injuriesareoroften
death to to quantify.
difficult
personnel or loss of
product or property.
Sea mishaps/ Maritime
accidents – an event
Explosions – a release
of mechanical, Disaster
chemical, Risk
or nuclear energy in a
⮚ is the potential disaster losses in terms of lives,
sudden and often violent
health status, livelihood, and/or assets and
manner with the
services, which could occur to a particular
generation of high
community or a society over some specified
temperature and
future time usually
period. It signifies the possibility of
greater
with the adverseofeffects when it happens, as these
release
are often difficult to quantify.
gases.
Terrorist attack – a
surprise attack involving
the deliberate use of
violence against civilians