Prepared by Mohd Hafizuddin bin Ibrahim

Day 1 – Topic # 3
TOPICS TIME
3.0 OSH Management System
3.1 The concepts of Safety Management
3.2 The Roles of The Management
3 hours
3.3 The Establishment of SHC

The TIME stated is just an indicator. Some topics may be longer or shorter.

2
OSH MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Ask yourselves the following questions :-

Do you know what hazards are in your workplace?

How likely is it for an incident to happen?
What are you doing to prevent those incidents?
Are you making the best use of the time, money and specialist
knowledge that is available?
Does everyone know the approach to OSH in your business?
Will your OSH system continue if key safety people leave your
business?

3
The concepts of Safety Management
INTRODUCTION TO OSH MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Since the 90s, safety and health practitioners has initiated to
circulate and implement the OSH management system based on
system approach.

The idea of using the system approach in managing OSH was not
something new. Its initial proposal made by Heinrich, a safety and
health expert in 1930. Heinrich’s Theory of Loss Causation
explained that the caused of accident was not due only to the
immediate causes such as unsafe act and unsafe condition, but also
by the underlying causes often because of loss in the management
control.

4
Heinrich The Domino Theory

5
 SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT
AND ANCESTRY

FAULT OF
PERSON

UNSAFE ACT
MECHANICAL OR
PHYSICAL HAZARD
Heinrich five factors in the accident sequence

ACCIDENT

INJURY
6
 SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT
AND ANCESTRY
accident sequence

FAULT OF
PERSON

UNSAFE ACT
MECHANICAL OR
PHYSICAL HAZARD

ACCIDENT

INJURY
7
Unsafe act and mechanical hazard constitute the central factor in the
Removal of the central
factor makes the action
of preceding factors

PHYSICAL HAZARD
ineffective

MECHANICAL OR
UNSAFE ACT

ACCIDENT

INJURY
8
CONSEQUENCES OF ACCIDENTS
DAMAGE –
to plant and machinery
DISORGANIZATION to the
company
DISABILITY, DISEASE, or DEATH
to the worker
DISTRESS - to the family

9
10
Accident at The Kitchen

11
 The Vicious Circle

OSH UNSAFE
ACCIDENT
MS WORKPLACE

SAFE GET DOCTOR

WORKPLACE WELL

MAS : Mesti Ada Sistem 12

What Is An OSH Management System (OSH-MS)?

(General definition)
An OSH-MS is a planned, documented and verifiable method of
managing hazards and associated risks.

An OSH-MS can be simple or complex, it can be highly documented

or sparingly described and it can be home grown or based on an
available model.

13
Objectives of OSH-MS
Contribute to the protection of workers from
hazards, and elimination of work related
accidents and diseases
At organizational level : to motivate all
members to apply appropriate management
principles and methods to continually improve
OSH performance
Provide guidance regarding the integration of
OSH management system elements as a
component of business policy and management
arrangements

14
4 Steps to OSH Management
Step 1 -- Commitment to a safe workplace

 OSH Policy
Step 2 -- Recognizing and removing or
minimizing dangers
 HIRARC
Step 3 -- Maintaining safe workplace
Safe worker, safe environment,
 OSH Program, safety
procedures
Step 4 -- OSH Records and Information
 Compliance with standards
15
 T E
R A
ST
O N
EM TY
D FE LE
SA AMP
E X
BY

16
The Roles of The Management
1. Ensure that OSH is a line-management responsibility, which is
known and accepted at all levels;
2. Define and communicate to the members of the organisation the
responsibility, accountability and authority of persons who
identify, evaluate or control OSH hazards and risks;
3. Provide effective supervision, as necessary, to ensure the
protection of employees' safety and health;
4. Promote cooperation and communication among members of
the organisation, including workers and their representatives, to
implement the elements of the organisation's OSH management
system;

17
The Roles of The Management….continued
5. fulfil the principles of OSH management systems contained in
relevant national guidelines or voluntary programmes, as
appropriate, to which the organisation subscribes;
6. establish and implement a clear OSH policy and measurable
objectives;
7. establish effective arrangements to identify and eliminate or
control work-related hazards and risks, and promote health at
work;
8. establish prevention and health promotion programmes;
9. ensure effective arrangements for the full participation of
employees and their representatives in the fulfilment of the OSH
policy;

18
The Roles of The Management….continued
11. provide appropriate resources to ensure that persons
responsible for OSH, including the safety and health committee,
can perform their functions properly; and
12. ensure effective arrangements for the full participation of
workers and their representatives in safety and health
committees, where they exist.

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 Purpose of OSH MS
Be used to establish a framework for OSH management system;
Provide for the development of arrangements to comply with regulations
and standards;
Provide requirements on OSH management system to respond according
to their size and nature of activities;
Provide requirements regarding the integration of OSH management
system elements in the organisation as a component of policy and
management arrangements; and
Provide a means to motivate all members of the organisation,
particularly employers, managerial staff, employees and their
representatives, in applying appropriate OSH management principles
and methods to continually improve OSH performance.

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Main Elements Of Malaysian OSH-MS
(MS 1722:2003)
• Adapted from ILO-OSH 2001,
• Based on the OSH Act 1994,
• Has five main elements of Deming Wheel (PDCA),
• These elements are namely;
i. Policy,
ii. Organizing,
iii. Planning and implementation,
iv. Evaluation, and
v. Action for improvement

21
Deming Wheel

22
 Main Elements of OSH MS

Policy

Organizing

Action for
Improvement
Planning &
Implementation

Evaluation

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 MS OSH MS 1722:2003
CLAUSE ELEMENTS
3.1 POLICY
3.1.1 Occupational Safety and Health Policy
3.1.2 Employee participation
3.2 ORGANISING
3.2.1 Responsibility and accountability
3.2.2 Competence and training
3.2.3 OSH MS documentation
3.2.4 Communication
3.3 PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTATION
3.3.1 Initial review
3.3.2 System planning, development & implementation
3.3.3 OSH objectives
3.3.4 Hazard prevention
3.4 EVALUATION
3.4.1 Performance monitoring & measurement
3.4.2 Investigation of work related injuries, disabilities, illhealth, diseases & near
misses, and their impact on safety and health performance
3.4.3 Audit
3.4.4 Management Review
3.5 ACTION FOR IMPROVEMENT
3.5.1 Preventive and corrective action
OSH Management
3.5.2 Continual improvement
Zulhisyam Salleh 24
 1. Developing an OSH Policy

1. Effective policy sets a clear direction for the

organization to follow
2. Protection of safety and health of all members
3. Compliance with all OSH legal requirements
4. Continual improvement of OSH
5. Integration of OSH-MS into business activities
6. Promotion of worker participation
7. One-page, easy-to-understand
8. Posted, distributed and explained
to workers and customers

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 ABC INDUSTRIES SDN BHD
(Company No. 84330-K)
SAFETY AND HEALTH POLICY AND OBJECTIVES

ABC Industries Sdn Bhd is committed to provide and maintain a high standard of Safety and Health for all its
employees in line with the requirements under the current national legal requirements on Occupational
Safety and Health and the company rules and procedures.

To support the company’s commitment to provide and maintain a high standard of Safety and Health for all its
employees, the company has formulated the following objectives :-

1. To provide and maintain safe and healthy working conditions, equipment and working procedures for all
employees;
2. To provide appropriate safety training, information and equipment for all employees;
3. To recognize and accept our responsibilities for the safety and health of the public that are likely to be
affected by our activities, including visitors, contractors and their employees;
4. To ensure that all our employees and contractors and their employees, visitors, customers and the general
public co-operate with us in our effort to achieve and maintain a safe and healthy workplace and to observe
the company’s safety and health policy
5. To comply with ordinances, regulations and codes of practice relevant to the workplace and to act positively
to enhance the safety and health of our employees engaged in all our activities;
6. To ensure the safety and health committees are active and guidance and instruction is provided in such
activities as accident prevention and investigation, and to ensure the involvement of management,
operating personnel and contractors in those activities;
7. To ensure that all employees are aware of their responsibilities such as reporting of unsafe acts and
conditions, and to act immediately on any safety and health related matters whenever and where ever
possible;
8. To secure a healthy place of work by providing an effective health program to protect our employees against
risks to their health;
9. To achieve an accident free working environment by reviewing all our safe work practices/systems regularly
and to identify potential hazards and develop appropriate safety precautionary measures;
10. To ensure appropriate contingency plans are in place to deal with any possible emergency; and
11. To ensure continuous improvement in all the objectives stated above.

“SAFETY AND HEALTH AWARENESS IS OUR CULTURE”

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 PETRONAS CORPORATE POLICY
PETRONAS' Corporate Policy is to strive for excellence in all its activities including health, safety
and environmental matters.

PETRONAS is committed to give priority to Health, Safety and Environment, wherever

PETRONAS operates and shall endeavour to take every reasonable and practicable step to prevent
and eliminate the risk of injuries, health hazards and damage to properties. PETRONAS shall also
take proactive steps towards the conservation and preservation of the environment.

To achieve these objectives, PETRONAS shall ensure that the facilities it designs, builds and
operates, the products it manufactures and the services it provides are in accordance with
appropriate legal requirements, industry standards and best practices.

PETRONAS shall provide the necessary resources, Organisation, system and training and shall
communicate with employees, contractors, customers, suppliers and the public with regard to
appropriate matters on health, safety and environment.

PETRONAS shall also ensure that contingency plans are in place and maintained to deal with
emergencies and shall periodically review the health, safety and environment management system
and practices to ensure their continual improvement.

PETRONAS expects all its employees and contractors to strictly adhere to this policy at all times.

TAN SRI DATO' SRI MOHD HASSAN

MARICAN
President, PETRONAS
24 February, 1997 27
2. Organising
Effective management structure with
responsibility and accountability for delivering
the OSH Policy : Organising the Organisation
Competence and training of employees
Procedures should be established and
maintained for communications externally,
internally
Cooperation on OSH aspects between the
employer, management and workers
Workers participation & Safety Committee
Management System documentation should be
established and maintained

28
3. Planning & Implementation
Review existing OSH conditions,
carry out hazard identification, risk
assessment and risk control
Review legal OSH requirements
For every problem, check out its
frequency and severity  priority
Set workable OSH objectives and
targets
Form Strategies and Action Plans

29
4. EVALUATION

If you can’t measure it, you can’t manage it.

Peter Drucker
Management will usually attach an increased
dimension of importance to anything that is
quantified.
Frank E. Bird, Jr
What gets measured gets done.
Thomas J Peters
 Observation : One of the biggest roadblocks to progress in OSH
Management is establishing the required measurement tools

30
EVALUATION
Establish performance
standards
Assess action to control risks
through:
 Monitoring of hardware
(premises, plant, substances)
 Monitoring of software
(people, procedures, systems)
 Investigation of accidents and
ill-health or incidents
Management to review
performance

31
5. Actions for Improvement
Arrangements to improve the relevant elements
of the OSH management system as a whole,
taking into account :
hazards and risks identification and assessment
performance monitoring and measurement
investigation of work related injuries, diseases, ill-
health and incidents, and recommendations
outcome of management review
recommendations for improvement
changes in laws and regulations
result of health protection programs
new relevant information, comparison with peers

32
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
YES !
SAFETY & HEALTH
 A great concern to company
 A greater concern to the employees

SO ….Employees should share in the work of

ACCIDENT PREVENTION….

OSH Management
Zulhisyam Salleh 35
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
WHY SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
ESSENTIAL ?
Management give their best effort to correct
unsafe condition/practices but employees in a
good position to observe the HAZARDS

• An important source of help would be

overlooked if employee Safety &
Health committee were not included
in the organisation

OSH Management
Zulhisyam Salleh 36
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
 SECTION 30 ( 1 )
Every employer shall establish a Safety &
Health Committee (SHC) at the place of
work in accordance with this section if :-
 40 or more persons employed at the
place of work or
 The Director General directs the
establishment of such a committee at
the place of work

37
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
To fulfil the requirement of OSHA 1994
To promote consultation and
cooperation between management and
workers in upgrading safety & health at
work
To provide a two-way communication
channel or dissemination of information
on safety & health issues
To enhance interest and motivation
of all groups of management and workers
at place of work in safety & health.

38
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
 Chairman :
Employer or his authorised manager
 Secretary :
Safety & Health Officer
 Management Representatives
: Manager/Director/Supervisors
 Workers Representatives :
From section or process

39
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
Chairman
 Employer or Authorised Manager shall
be chairman.

Secretary
 Person employed as Safety & Health
Officer
 If no SHO,chairman may appoint
another person
 or SHC may appoint by ballots ( sulit )
from members.

40
Management Representatives :
 Appointed by Employer
 Min 2 persons ( < 100 employees )
 Min 4 persons ( > 100 employees )

Workers Representatives :
 Selected by workers
 Appointed by employer
 Min 2 persons ( < 100 employees )
 Min 4 persons ( > 100 employees )

OSH Management
Zulhisyam Salleh 41
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
Employees Representatives
 Nominated from employees
 If number exceeded the vacancies…. ballot
 If no representatives, employer shall appoint
 Shall represent various section of work place
 Any vacancy shall be replaced in the same
manner as the previous member.
 Do not penalise workers who absent due to
their duties as SHC members

42
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
Removal of Committee member
 Fail to attend 3 consecutive meetings
 Unsound mind
 Bankrupt
 No longer employed (employee rep)
 Convicted on a charge of:
 Fraud, dishonesty or moral turpitude
 offence under law relating to OSH
 Other criminal offence
 Incapable to carry duty as member

43
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
Function of SHC
Part III ( OSHA 1994 )
 Assist in development of Safety & Health rules
and safe system of work

 Review the effectiveness of Safety & Health

Programmes

 To investigate any safety & health matter

brought to attention of employer.

 Review Safety & Health policies and

recommend to employer for revision of such
policies.

44
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
 Assist in development of rules and
systems

 Assist in development and review of

safety & health programmes

 Perform analysis of incident trends and

statistics

 Review and recommend amendments to

safety & health policies.
45
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
 Perform inspections at work place and
recommend preventive and corrective
measures

 Perform immediate investigation of

accidents, near-miss accident, dangerous
occurrence, occupational poisoning or
occupational diseases occurred at
workplace.

46
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
Investigates complaints of unsafe or
unhealthy practices and report to
employer with recommendations for
corrective actions.
Assists in the development of
promotional and education programmes
Discusses reports and matters from the
safety officer, enforcement officer, etc
Advises the employer on safety and
health matters

47
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
INSPECTION OF WORKPLACE
 Inspect at least once in every three
months
 Discuss the observation of the members
during inspection
 Record the details of such circumstances
in a report kept for such purpose
 Make recommendations to the employer
on the remedial measures to be taken on
any matter.
 Record the recommendations in the
report

48
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
Investigation into any accident
(According to SHC Regulation)
To inspect the place of work as soon as it is
safe to do so.
SHO shall furnish the chairman of
committee with a report of his findings.
Chairman shall as soon as practicable (ASAP)
convene a meeting of the committee to
discuss the report.
If no SHO, employer or authorised manager
shall inform the chairman or the secretary.

49
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
Investigating an accident
Chairman/secretary shall ASAP after the
committee has inspected the place of work
convene a meeting to investigate into such
incident.

In the meeting, the committee shall discuss

the cause of accident…. And make
recommendations to the employer to prevent
the reoccurrence of such incident

50
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
Investigating an accident
 SHO or Chairman ( if no SHO ) shall furnish
the employer or his authorised manager
on the recommendations.

 Employer or authorised manager shall ASAP

discuss the report or recommendations
with SHO or Chairman.

 SHO or Chairman shall record the decision

of the employer or his authorised manager

51
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
Investigating an accident
Employer or authorised manager shall direct
any person employed to take such action…..

Employer shall keep a copy of the report for a

minimum period of SEVEN years.

52
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
 Formulate own meeting procedures and terms
of references

 Frequency of meetings:
 Depends on nature of risk at workplace
 At least once a month for high risk workplace
 Once in three month for other workplaces
 More frequent meetings during initial period of
formation.

 In the event of an accident or any other situations

which calls for immediate attentions, meeting
should be held immediately.

53
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
 Agenda and minutes :
 Early notice in writing and circulation of
agenda attached.
 Only matters pertaining to Safety & Health to
be discussed.
 Minutes circulated soon, not later than two
weeks after meeting

54
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
Meeting Facilities :
EMPLOYER SHOULD :
Provide suitable meeting room at the place of
work.
Permit member to attend meeting during
working hours.

55
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
 Quorum
 Half of total number of members

 Non member may attend

 May invite any person to discuss pertaining to
OSH matters or related to any accident
occurred in the plant.

56
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
Safety and Health matters only
 Strictly for Safety & Health matters in
workplace .

Minutes
 Copy of every meeting shall be furnished to
every member and the employer within TWO
WEEKS after the meeting.

57
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
 Minutes
 Shall be kept at place of work for minimum
period of SEVEN years.
 The employer should furnished the DOSH with
a copy of minutes if required.

58
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
TRAINING & INFORMATION
Employer to ensure
 Committee members have basic understanding
and knowledge on the function of the
committee.
 Provide training to the committee member.
 Availabilityof an adequate document &
information for SHC
 Act & Legislation
 Code of Practices
 Technical Informations
 Operational Information etc

59
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
EMPLOYER SHOULD NOT :
Disclose any information which would be
prejudicial to national security.
Disclosure of information which contravene with
any law
Disclose individual matters unless consented to
its disclosure
Provide any information other than for Safety &
Health or welfare at work.
Any information obtained by the employer for
legal matters.
60
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
 PENALTY
Any person who contravene any of the
provision of these regulation shall be guilty of
an offence and shall be liable to a fine not
exceeding FIVE THOUSAND RINGGIT
or imprisonment for a term not exceeding
SIX MONTHS or to BOTH

61
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
STRUCTURE OF COMMITEE
Joint management-worker committee at
workplace
Company may form other committee to
supplement work of joint committee such
as :
 Management committee to oversee work of
joint committee or subcommittee (permanent
or ad-hoc)
 Must have clear communication channel
between joint committee and other committee.

62
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
IN SUMMARY
ENSURING EFFECTIVE COMMITEE
Basic knowledge and interest of members
On going training and education of members
Availability of relevant information to members
Regularity and frequency of meetings
Fast decision making and follow-up action
Wide publicity of committee activities
Recognition of members
Leadership of chairman
Stick to safety and health only
63
SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE
Any question…..????

64