OCCUPATIONAL HEATH AND SAFETY ( OHS )

 Relates to health, safety, and welfare issues in

the workplace. OHS includes the laws (RA
11058), standards, and programs that are
aimed at making the workplace better for
workers.
 Is a multidisciplinary field concerned with the
safety, health, and welfare of people at work.
Occupational health and safety (OHS)
 HAZARD  Is an act or a condition in the workplace that has the potential to
cause injury, illness, or death to a person and/or damage to company
property, equipment and materials.

 RISK  is the chance, high or low, that any hazard will actually cause
somebody harm.
 Occupational health and safety (OHS)

SAFETY HAZARDS HEALTH HAZARDS

• The harm results in some kind of • Working conditions which result

injury to the workers in an illness
• Working conditions where harm • Often, latency between exposure
to workers is of an immediate & & disease
violent nature
Occupational health and safety (OHS)
 COMMON WORKPLACE HAZARDS

 P – Physical

 E – Electrical

 M – Mechanical

 E – Ergonomics
 B – Biological

 C – Chemical
Occupational health and safety (OHS)
 PHYSICAL HAZARD

 The environmental factors that can harm  Noise

an employee without necessarily touching  Vibration
them, including heights, noise, radiation
 Illumination
and pressure.
 Extreme Pressure
 Radiation
Occupational health and safety (OHS)
 ELECTRICAL HAZARD

 Is a dangerous condition where a

worker can or does make electrical
contact with energized equipment or
a conductor.
 Occupational health and safety (OHS)
 ELECTRICAL INJURIES

 The most common types of electric injuries are:

 Electrical shock
 Electrocution ( death due to electrical shock )
 Burns
 Falls
Occupational health and safety (OHS)
 MECHANICAL HAZARD

 Associated with power-driven machine,

whether automated or manually
operated. In an industry, people interact
with machines that are designed to drill,
cut, shear, punch and etc.
Occupational health and safety (OHS)
 MECHANICAL INJURIES

 The most common types of mechanical injuries are:

 Fracture
 Puncturing/stabbling
 Straining and spraining
 Impact
 Friction and abrasion
 Crushing
 Shear
 High Pressure Injection
 Cut
Occupational health and safety (OHS)
 ERGONOMICS HAZARD

 A result of physical factors that can

result in musculoskeletal injuries.
Occupational health and safety (OHS)
 BIOLOGICAL HAZARD  Bacteria
 Virus
 Include viruses, bacterial, insects, animals,  Fungi
etc., that can cause adverse health impacts.  Parasites
 Insects
 Occupational health and safety (OHS)
 CHEMICAL HAZARD
 Inhalation
These hazards can result in
 Ingestion
both health and physical  Skin Absorption
impacts.  Injection
Occupational health and safety (OHS)

HIERARCY OF CONTROLS

• Is a system for controlling

and eliminate risks in
the workplace.
Occupational health and safety (OHS)
 5 HIERARCHY OF CONTROL

 Elimination
 Substitution
 Engineering Controls
 Administrative Control
 Personal Protective Equipment
 Occupational health and safety (OHS)
 ELIMINATION

 Eliminating the hazard and the risk it creates is

the most effective control measures.

 SUBSTITUTION

 The risks with lesser risk

 ENGINEERING CONTROLS
 Reduce the risks through engineering changes
or changes to systems of work.
Occupational health and safety (OHS)
 ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS

 Use administrative actions to minimise exposure to

hazards and to reduce the level of harm.

 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

 Use personal protective equipment to protect

people from harm.
THE END