AR8521

BUILDING MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION - IV

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO CEMENT

AND CONCRETE (12)
 INTRODUCTION TO CEMENT AND CONCRETE

Cement and concrete as building materials. Brief history of their

use through examples. Composition, manufacture, properties,
types and uses of cement. Tests for cement. Introduction to
cement mortar and plastering and their composition. Concrete
and its composition. Mix design. Nature of aggregates for mix
including classification, sources, shape, size, grading, sampling
and analysis. Proportioning, water-cement ratio, workability.
Stages in concrete construction- formwork, mixing, placing,
curing. Cement and concrete finishes including roughcast, dry
dash, textured, stucco. Water proofing and damp proofing of
concrete.
 AGGREGATES: GRADING

• Grading-distribution of various sizes of aggregates in

total volume of aggregates
• Example: in M 15 concrete – 1:2:4 ratio – 6 mm to 20
mm sized aggregate is 33 % and 20 mm to 40 mm is 67
% of total volume of coarse aggregates
• Same for fine aggregates
• Grading: very important in strength of concrete –
provides proper interlocking and gap-filling – properly
graded aggregates gives good strength concrete
• Grading is tested by Sieve Analysis
SIEVES

SIEVING MACHINE
 AGGREGATES: SAMPLING & ANALYSIS

• Sieve Analysis is done by taking a certain weight of

aggregates and sieving with standard set of sieves (as
per is codes)
• Biggest size at top and smallest size at bottom –
arranged in decreasing order
• Cover at top and collecting pan at bottom
• Machine sieving – all sieves together – total 2 minutes
• Hand sieving – one sieve at a time – each 2 minutes
• Fineness Modulus: Bigger the number, coarser the
aggregates
• Sample: 10 kg for bigger sizes – 1 kg for smaller sizes
 ATTENDANCE LINK

https://meet.google.com/afp-axtf-jpt