FERTILIZER MATERIALS

& CALCULATION

Maria Nenita D.
Campo
 What is Integrated Nutrient
Management (INM)?

1. Basically the skillful handling of combination of

organic & inorganic fertilizers accompanied by
sound cultural practice in crop production.
2. Include the use of appropriate varieties, good
water mgt, effective pest mgt and crop rotation.
3. Assessment of soil fertility and crop yield is an
important consideration.
 Why is Integrated Nutrient
Management (INM) important?

1. Seeks to increase agricultural productivity

2. Safeguard the environment
3. Decrease nutrient loss through efficient
fertilizer use.
4. The incorporation of organic fertilizer
supplements plant nutrients, reduces the use of
inorganic fertilizer to some extent and improves
the physical and biological properties of the soil
 What are the essential elements for
rice?

There are 16 elements needed by rice plant to

complete its life cycle.
• 9 macro-elements-requires relatively high
amount
• 7 micro-elements- small amount
• The Most important nutrients are N,P,K,S,Zn
and Fe.
16 essential elements for rice

Macro elements Microelements

Name Symbol Name Symbol
Carbon C Zinc Zn
Hydrogen H Iron Fe
Oxygen O Copper Cu
Nitrogen N Molybdenum Mo
Phosphorus P Manganese Mn
Potassium K Boron B
Calcium Ca Chlorine Cl
Magnesium Mg
Sulfur S
 Sources of Inorganic/Chemical Fertilizers:
N P K S
Triple Carrier
Complete 14 14 14 14
17 7 17 -
Double Carrier
Ammo. Phos. 16 20 0 -
18 46 0 -
17 0 17 -
Single Carrier
Urea 46 0 0 -
Ammo. Sul. 21 0 0 12
MOP 0 0 60 -
Solophos 0 18 0 -
 Sources of Organic Fertilizer

• Farm manures (rice straw & stubbles,

grasses, etc)
• Green manures
• Animal/Farmyard manures
• Compost (Homemade Commercial)
• Urban and industrial waste
Importance of Organic Matter
 It is a source of complete plant nutrients
(P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe)
 Major Source of Nitrogen
(Almost all N in non-fertilized soils tied up in
OM)
 It improves the condition of soils microbial
activity
 Enhances soil water-holding capacity
 Enhances soil physical properties such as texture,
color and structure
 Organic vs. Inorganic Fertilizers
ORGANIC
• Slow breakdown and release of
nutrients which prevents
leaching
• Lower nutrient content
• Less danger of over-
fertilization
INORGANIC
• Nutrients absorbed by the
plant immediately (quick
release)
– Available and water soluble
form
- Easily leached out
• Plants get high and exact
amount of nutrients
• It can burn the plants (direct
application to plants or over-
fertilized)
 Organic vs. Inorganic Fertilizers
ORGANIC
• Supply, large amount
needed, bulky and more
laborious to apply
(sometimes expensive)
• Contains organic matter
naturally which improves
soil structure, and water
(nutrient)-holding capacity
(carbon in nature)
• Encourage microbial
activity (breakdown of
nutrients)
INORGANIC
• Widely available and quick
to apply (sometimes
cheaper)
•Contains macro (NPK) and
some micro (S & Zn)
nutrients only
• Easily leached out
• Can kill microorganisms &
earthworm
Organic vs. Inorganic Fertilizers

ORGANIC INORGANIC

• May contain pathogens • Can build-up salts and

from plant or animal other toxins in the soil
matter (if not properly (acidity)
decomposed)
• Focus on: • Focus on:
SOIL STRUCTURE IMPROVING YIELD
 Assess Soil Nutrient Status
 Laboratory analysis
 Soil test kit (STK)
 Nutrient omission plot technique (NOPT)
 Minus-one element technique (MOET)
 Leaf color chart (LCC)
“KNOW YOUR SOIL”
NUTRIENT REMOVAL EVERY
CROPPING
Average Nutrient Removal of Modern Irrigated Rice
Variety (1T Grain Yield)
Yield – HI of 0.5)
Target Nutrient Removal/Requirement (kg/ha)
Yield

N P K Zn S Si
Grain 10.5 2.0 2.5 0.02 1.0 15
Straw 7.0 1.0 14.5 0.03 0.8 65
Total 17.5 3.0 17.0 0.05 1.8 80
5 t/ha 87.5 15.0 85.0 0.25 9.0 400
6 t/ha 105.0 18.0 102.0 0.3 10.8 480
 Fertilizer Recommendation bags/ha) for soils
deficient in nitrogen, phosphorus & potassium based
on MOET test results
Deficient Wet season Dry season
Nutrient (5t/ha target yield) (7t/ha target yield)
 Fertilizer Recommendation bags/ha) for soils
deficient in nitrogen, phosphorus & potassium based
on MOET test results
Deficient Wet season Dry season
Nutrient (5t/ha target yield) (7t/ha target yield)
 Fertilizer Calculation:
Example:
I was told to apply 120-30-90 kg NPK fertilizer per
hectare. What kind of fertilizers and how many
bags should I apply?
The weight of nutrients (kgs) in a bag of commercial inorganic fertilizer is
only ½ of the percentage indicated in the bag. For example, 14-14-14 means there are
14% each of N, P and K that are equivalent to 7 kg each N,P and K per bag.
To satisfy the above recommendations, apply 4.75 bags 14-14-14, 4 bags 46-
0-0, and 2 bags 0-0-60.

Computations:

Kg of fertilizer needed = recommendation for 1 hectare

Per hectare % of element in the fertilizer
 Fertilizer Calculation:
Steps in computation:
1. In a fertilizer recommendation (120-30-90 kg NPK per hectare), satisfy first
the lowest nutrient requirement \. In the case, 30 kg P/ha.
2. Use the fertilizer containing the most of nutrients
3. With the use of 14-14-14 fertilizer
kg P per hectare = 30 divided by 0.14 =214.3 kg
214.3 kg of 14-14-14 equals 4 1/3 bags.
This also gives 30 kg N per ha and 30 K per ha.
4. Additional N (120-30=90 kg) is required.
with the use of urea (46-0-0):
kg N per ha=90 divided by 0.46 =195.7 kg
195.7 kg of urea is about 4 bags
5. Additional k (90-30=60kgs) is required.
Use muriate of potash (0-0-60)
kg K per ha=60 divided by 0.60 =100 kg
100 kg of muriate of potash equals 2 bags
 Our Creedo
We believe the FARMER is the
MOST IMPORTANT VISITOR
in our premises
He is not dependent on us.
WE ARE DEPENDENT ON HIM.
He is not an interruption in our work.
HE IS THE PURPOSE OF IT.
We are not doing him a favor
by serving him,
HE IS DOING US A FAVOR BY
GIVING US THE OPPORTUNITY
TO DO SO.
 Exam:
1. Lorna has a target yield of 5tons/hectare and to meet
the target yield the fertilizer recommended rate is
96-20-85 and fertilizer available are 0-0-60, 46-0-0
and 14-14-14. How many bags of fertilizers are
needed for 1 hectare area?
2. Mang Juan has 2 has. rice farm, he wants to harvest
a 7tons/hectare and in order to meet the target yield
the fertilizer recommended rate for 1ton target yield
is 17.5-3-17(NPK). How many bags of fertilizers are
needed for a grain yield target of 7tons/ha?fertilizer
available 46-0-0, 16-20-0 and 0-0-60.
3. Rudy has 2 has. rice farm with 2 parcels (1.25
and .75), the fertilizer recommended rate is 90-25-80
for 2 has. How many bags of fertilizers are needed for
every parcel? with available fertilizer 14-14-14, 46-0-
0 and 0-0-60.
4. Mang Jose uses 2.5 bags 46-0-0, 1.25 bags 14-14-14
and .75 bag 0-0-60. What is the recommended rate of
Mang Jose’s rice farm?
 Answers:
1. Recommended Rate: (96-20-85)
= 96-20-85
20-20-20 =142.86 kls or 2.857 Bags 14-14-14
76- 0-65
76- 0- 0 =165.21 kls or 3.304 bags 46-0-0
0- 0- 65
0- 0- 65 =108.33 kls or 2.17 bags 0-0-60
0- 0- 0

 20/.14=142.86 kls or 2.857 bags 14-14-14

 76/.46=165.21 kls or 3.304 bags 46-0-0
 65/.60= 108.33 kls or 2.17 bags 0-0-60
 Answers:
2. Recommended Rate: (17.5-3-17)* 7 tons target yield
= 122.5-21-119
16.8 -21- 0 =105 kls or 2.1 Bags 16-20-0
105.7-0 -119
105.7-0- 0 =229.78 kls or 4.6 bags 46-0-0
0- 0- 119
0- 0- 119 =198.33 kls or 3.97 bags 0-0-60
0- 0- 0

21/.20=105 kls or 2.1 bags 16-20-0 X 2 has.=4.2

bags
105.7/.46=229.78 kls or 4.6 bags 46-0-0 X 2 has.=9.2 bags
119/.60= 198.33 kls or 3.97 bags 0-0-60 X 2 has.=7.94 bags
 Answers:
3. Recommended Rate: (90-25-80) for 2 has. area
= 90-25-80
25-25-25 =178.57 kls or 3.57 Bags 14-14-14
65- 0- 55
65- 0- 0 =141.30 kls or 2.83 bags 46-0-0
0- 0- 55
0- 0- 55 =91.67 kls or 1.83 bags 0-0-60
0- 0- 0

 25/.14=178.57 kls or 3.57 bags 14-14-14

 65/.46=141.3 kls or 2.83 bags 46-0-0
 55/.60=91.67 kls or 1.83 bags 0-0-60
 Answers:
3. Recommended Rate: (90-25-80) for 2 has. area
 For 1.25 has.

1.25/2=.625
3.57 (.625) =2.33 bags 14-14-14
2.83 (.625) =1.77 bags 46-0-0
1.83 (.625) =1.146 bags 0-0-60
 For .75 ha.

.75/2=. 375
3.57 (.375) =1.34 bags 14-14-14
2.83 (.375) =1.061 bags 46-0-0
1.83 (.375) =0.687 bags 0-0-60
 Answers:
4. Given: 2.5 bags 46-0-0
1.25 bags 14-14-14
.75 bag 0-0-60

2.5 (50kls) = (125)*(.46) = 57.5 -0 -0

1.25 (50kls)=(62.5)*(.14) = 8.75 -8.75 -8.75
.75 (50kls) = (37.5)*(.6) = 0 -0 -22.5
66.25 -8.75 -31.25

66.25-8.75-31.25
08.75-8.75-08.75 = 62.5kls/50kls=1.25 bags 14-14-14
57.50-00.00-22.5
57.50-00.00-00.0 = 125 kls/50kls=2.50 bags 46-0-0
00.00-00.00-22.5
00.00-00.00-22.5 = 37.5kls/50kls=0.75 bag 0-0-60
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