Flooring Materials

3.04 understand materials and finishes of residential design

 Soft Flooring
• Carpet
• Cut Pile- Loops are all cut

• Loop Pile- Loops remain uncut

• When loops are at multiple heights you can create

various patterns

• Patterned Loop Pile - When the loops remain uncut and the
loops have multiple heights, the result is a patterned loop carpet.

• Cut and Loop- Combined to create wide range

of patterns
 Soft Flooring: Cut Pile
• Cut Pile
 Soft Flooring: Loop Pile
• Loop Pile
 Soft Flooring: Patterned Loop Pile
• Patterned Loop Pile
 Soft Flooring: Cut and Loop
• Cut and loop
 Resilient Flooring

•Vinyl
•Sheet Vinyl
•Luxury Vinyl Tile (LVT)
•Cork
 Resilient Flooring: Sheet Vinyl
• Sheet vinyl flooring is vinyl flooring that comes in
large, continuous, flexible sheets. A vinyl sheet
floor is completely impermeable to water, unlike
vinyl floor tile, which comes in stiff tiles, and vinyl
planks, which come in interlocking strips. It is
sometimes called linoleum after a similar product
of different (oiled linen) chemical composition.
• Vinyl flooring is extensively used because it is
water-impervious, fairly durable, adjustably
resilient and insulating, easy to install, available
with a variety of appearances, and cheap.
 Resilient Flooring: Luxury Vinyl Tile
• LVT is a luxury vinyl product
that looks like stone or ceramic
tile, complete with gorgeous
natural colors and surface texture
that feels like the real thing.
Some styles are even made to be
installed with grout.
 Resilient Flooring: Cork
• Cork flooring is one of the most beautiful
and comfortable floor material options
available.
• Cork flooring is environmentally friendly
and cork is considered a renewable and
sustainable natural resource. These floors
can be a little expensive and their
installed cost per square foot can be close
to a good quality ceramic tile floor.
 Hard Flooring

•Wood
•Solid
•Engineered
•Reclaimed
 Hard Flooring: Wood
• Solid hardwood floors are made
of planks milled from a single
piece of timber.
• Solid wood floors have a thicker
wear surface and can be sanded
and finished more times than an
engineered wood floor.
 Hard Flooring: Engineered
• Engineered hardwood floors are made up of a top layer of a real
hardwood species and a core, typically consisting of multiple
plywood layers laminated together to form a durable plank, or in
some cases HDF (high density fiberboard).
• The stacking of the layers is designed to counteract the natural
tendency of hardwoods to expand, contract, warp, or cup when
exposed to different environmental factors. This makes engineered
hardwood flooring an excellent alternative in geographical areas
that have excessive moisture, or in building spaces otherwise
unsuited for solid hardwood. Also, many engineered floors offer a
floating floor option, allowing installation on a concrete subfloor,
as long as the subfloor is clean, dry, and level.
 Hard Flooring: Reclaimed
• Reclaimed lumber is processed wood retrieved
from its original application for purposes of
subsequent use. Most reclaimed lumber comes
from timbers and decking rescued from old
barns, factories and warehouses, although some
companies use wood from less traditional
structures such as boxcars, coal mines and wine
barrels. Reclaimed or antique lumber is used
primarily for decoration and home building, for
example for siding, architectural details,
cabinetry, furniture and flooring.
 Hard Flooring

•Laminate
•Bamboo
•Stone
•Ceramic Tile
 Hard Flooring
• Laminate flooring (also called
floating wood tile in the United
States) is a multi-layer synthetic
flooring product fused together with a
lamination process. Laminate flooring
simulates wood (or sometimes stone)
with a photographic applique layer
under a clear protective layer. The
inner core layer is usually composed
of melamine resin and fiber board
materials
 Hard flooring
• A bamboo floor is a type of
flooring manufactured from the
bamboo plant.
• Bamboo is an eco-friendly, highly
renewable source of material.
• Like most hardwood floors,
bamboo floors should be treated
carefully. 
 Hard Flooring
• Many different natural stones are cut into a variety of sizes,
shapes, and thicknesses for use as flooring. Stone flooring
uses a similar installation method to ceramic tile. Slate and
marble are popular types of stone flooring that requires
polishing and sealing. Stone aggregates, like Terrazzo, can
also be used instead of raw cut stone and are available as
either preformed tiles or to be constructed in-place using a
cement binder.
• Porcelain stoneware can be used instead of natural stone. It is
a ceramic material like a tile; however, it is typically 20 mm
(0.79 in) thick and often comes in squares of 60 cm (24 in).
 Hard Flooring
• Clay-base ceramic tiles are an ideal choice
for kitchens, baths, basements, porches,
laundry rooms, and other moisture-prone
areas. Floor tiles are extremely durable;
water-, stain-, and wear-resistant; and easy to
care for. An array of colors, patterns, shapes,
and sizes is available. Tiles larger than 12
inches square are currently the most popular
choice.