Emerging Research Area in

Computer Science and The

Future of Artificial
Intelligence

By
Dr J FARITHA BANU
SRMIST, RAMAPURAM
• Introduction to AI
• History of AI
• Applications of AI & ML
• Research problems in AI & ML
• Skills for success in AI & ML
I . Introduction to
AI

• AI is a branch of Science that assist machines to find

solutions to complex problems in a more human-like
fashion.

• Artificial Intelligence is the future of Next Generation

Technology.

• It encompasses variety of disciplines like Medical, Finance,

Engineering.
AI , ML, DL and Data Science

• AI is an umbrella discipline that covers everything related to making

machines smarter. AI is trained final output machine which mimic like
human brain
• Ex: Amazon Alexa

• Machine Learning (ML) is a subset of AI. ML is an AI algorithm which

allows system to learn from data.

• DL is a ML algorithm that uses deep(more than one layer) neural

networks to analyze data and provide output accordingly. Deep
Learning (DL) is a machine learning (ML) applied to large data sets.

• Data science uses AI, ML, DL to gain insights from both structured &
unstructured data.
• Ex: Companies are using data science to build recommendation
engines, and predicting user behaviour, Identification and prediction of
disease, Optimizing shipping and logistics routes in real-time, detection
of frauds, healthcare recommendations..
History of AI • AI Artificial Intelligence is not a
new word and not a new
technology for researchers. This
technology is much older than
you would imagine.

• The word "Artificial Intelligence"

first adopted by American
Computer scientist John
McCarthy at the Dartmouth
Conference in 1956,
• John McCarthy was known as the
fathers of AI.
• During 1st, AI winters, an interest
of publicity on artificial
intelligence was decreased
• Expert systems were
programmed that emulate the
decision-making ability of a
human expert. It is Boom of AI
 History of AI
• Again Investors and government
stopped in funding for AI
research as due to high cost but
not efficient result. The expert
system such as XCON was very
cost effective.
• BOOM in AI
• In the year 1997, IBM Deep Blue
beats world chess champion that
• Watson had proved that it could understand natural language beat Kasparov.
and can solve tricky questions (riddles) quickly.. • 2002, for the first time, AI
• 2012: Google has launched an Android app feature "Google entered the home in the form of
now", which was able to provide information to the user as a Roomba, a vacuum cleaner.
prediction. • AI came in the Business world till
• 2016, AlphaGo is the first computer program to defeat a the year 2006. Companies like
professional human Go player. AlphaGo software developed Facebook, Twitter, and Netflix
by Google's sister company Deepmind. In 2016, Lee Se-dol also started using AI.
took part in a five-match against AlphaGo, losing four times
but beating the computer once
AI is the main tool behind new-age Generalized AI is worth thinking about
innovation and discoveries like because it stretches our imaginations and it
driverless cars or disease detecting gets us to think about our core values and
algorithm issues of choice

Artificial Intelligence will be ‘vastly We are now solving problems with

smarter’ than any human and would machine learning and AI that were…in
overtake us by 2025. the realm of science fiction for the last
several decades
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Industry 4.0

Breakdowns of industrial development and the great changes in related categories

Industry Industry Industry Industry

1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0

1760-1830 1870-1914 1970-2000 2015 -2050?

Mechanization, stream Mass production Electronic and IT systems, Artificial intelligence

and water power and Electricity Automation
 • Diseases are more quickly and accurately diagnosed, drug
1. Healthcare discovery is sped up and streamlined, virtual nursing
assistants monitor patients helps to create a more
personalized patient experience In the AI healthcare.

• AI-enabled workflow assistants are aiding doctors free up

their schedules, reducing time and cost by streamlining
processes and opening up new avenues for the industry.

• In addition, AI-powered technology helps pathologists in

analyzing tissue samples and thus, in turn, making more
accurate diagnosis.
2. Smart Cars and Drones
• Although it could take a decade or more to perfect them,
autonomous cars will one day ferry us from place to place.

• With autonomous vehicles running on the roads

and autonomous drones delivering the shipments, a
significant amount of transportation and service related issues
can be resolved faster and more effectively.
3. Travel and Navigation

• With AI-enabled mapping, it scans road information and utilizes

algorithms to identify the optimal route to take, be it in a bike, car,
bus, train, or on foot.
4. Manufacturing

• Manufacturing: AI powered robots work alongside humans to

perform a limited range of tasks like assembly and stacking, and
predictive analysis sensors keep equipment running smoothly.
5. Education

• Education: Textbooks are digitized with the help of AI, early-stage

virtual tutors assist human instructors and facial analysis gauges the
emotions of students to help determine who’s struggling or bored
and better tailor the experience to their individual needs.
 6. Automated Customer Support

• Online shopping experience has been greatly enhanced

by chatbots because of the following reasons:

• They increase user retention by sending reminders

and notifications
• They offer instant answers compared to human
assistants, thus reducing response time
• Chatbots provide upselling opportunities through
personalized approach

Google is working on an AI assistant that can place human-like calls to

make appointments at, say, your neighborhood hair salon. In addition to
words, the system understands context.

•
7. Personalized Shopping Experience
• Implementation of artificial intelligence makes it
possible for online stores to use the smallest piece of
data about every followed link or hover to personalize
your experience on a deeper level.

• This personalization results into timely alerts, messages,

visuals that should be particularly interesting to you,
and dynamic content that modifies according to users’
demand and supply.
8. Finance

• Automated advisors powered by AI, are capable of

predicting the best portfolio or stock based on preferences
by scanning the market data.

• Actionable reports based on relevant financial data is also

being generated by scanning millions of key data points,
thus saving analysts numerous hours of work.
9. Social media

• Face book uses advanced machine learning to do

everything from serving content to you and to recognize
your face in photos to target users with advertising.

• Instagram (owned by Facebook) uses AI to identify visuals.

• LinkedIn uses AI to offer job recommendations, suggest

people you might like to connect with, and serving you
specific posts in your feed.
10. Smart Home Devices
• The connected devices of smart homes provide the data and
the AI learns from that data to perform certain tasks without
human intervention.
The AI Chip in Fridge incorporates visual intelligence to better recognize
and distinguish space, location, objects and users while voice
intelligence accurately recognizes voice and noise characteristics while
product intelligence enhances the capabilities of the device by
detecting physical and chemical changes in the environment

robot vacuum cleaners, washing machines, refrigerators and air

conditioners. The chip can operate without an internet connection
thanks to on-device processing, and it uses “a separate hardware-
implemented security zone” to store personal data
11. Creative Arts

• AI-powered technologies can help musicians create new

themes.
Sophia is a first AI humanoid robot developed by Hong Kong-based company Hanson Robotics

Sophia introduced herself and spoke to the students

appearing for their exams.
YouTube Link : https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=WATLfjRHySU

India welcomes Robot Sophia for the first-ever interactive session in Kolkata
 Career in AI &
ML
• There is a scope in developing the machines in game
playing, Speech recognition, language detection
machine, computer vision, expert systems, robotics,
and many more

• As per International Data Corporation (IDC)

Worldwide AI Guide, spending on AI systems will
accelerate over the next several years as
organizations deploy AI as part of their digital
transformation efforts & to remain competitive in
the digital economy

• Global spending on AI is forecast to double over the

next 4 years, $50.1 billion in 2020 to more than $110
billion in 2024.
World’s biggest companies heavily relying on AI & ML
Skills for success in AI & ML
• Working with AI requires an analytical thought process and the
ability to solve problems with cost effective and efficient
solutions.

• Professionals need technical skills to design, maintain and

repair technology and software programs.

• Those interested in becoming AI professionals need a education

qualification based on foundations of maths, technology, logic
and engineering prospective.

• Cognitive Science skills.

• As an Artificial Intelligence aspirant, you have ample of job opportunities in this field. 

• Artificial intelligence will transform the global economy, and AI jobs are in high demand.

• According to International Data Corporation (IDC), the number of AI jobs is expected to

globally grow 16 percent this year.

• AI careers are future-proof, meaning they are likely to survive well into the future.

• Getting an education in AI is challenging and requires persistence and personal initiative.

• As an Artificial Intelligence aspirant, you have ample of job opportunities in this field. 

• Artificial intelligence will transform the global economy, and AI jobs are in high demand.

• According to International Data Corporation (IDC), the number of AI jobs is expected to

globally grow 16 percent this year.

• AI careers are future-proof, meaning they are likely to survive well into the future.

• Getting an education in AI is challenging and requires persistence and personal initiative.

Questions??
THANK YOU