SCIENCE

Grade 4
The earth is composed of three
components:

Soil Air

Water
with the interaction of the sun as the main source of
energy on earth.
More than 97% of
the earth’s water
is in the world
seas and oceans.
71% of the earth’s
surface is
composed of
water.
 Characteristics of
Different Types of Soil
What is
SOIL?
Soil is a very important
natural resource on earth
made up of tiny particles of
rocks and decayed plants
and animals.
It also contains water and
some gases found at the
uppermost layer.
Soil covers most of the land
part of earth. You find plants,
animals, and other organisms
on the soil. We live on the
soil, and it helps us in many
ways.
Different types of soil have
different physical characteristics.
Each soil type differs in color,
texture, odor and its ability to hold
water. Some soils are good for
planting while others are not.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF
SOIL
 CLAY
-this type of soil is made up of
every fine particles are packed
together tightly
-it holds much water and
becomes sticky when wet.
-clay soils remain wet and cold in
winter and dry out in summer.
- This soil can be used in making
pots.
 SAND
- Its particles are coarser
than clay and loam.
- It is loose and easy to dig
but it cannot hold water
and nutrients well. Water
can easily be a good soil
for planting selected
plants like blanket flower
and wormwood.
-
LOAM
It is a mixture of sand and clay.
- It contains large amount of
decaying plants and animals.
- It has a fine texture.
- This soil is fertile, easy to work with
and provide good drainage.
Depending on its predominant
composition, it can be either sandy
or clay loam.
- It can hold enough water and
oxygen which are good for plant
growth
 CHALKY SOIL
- It can be either light or
heavy but always
highly alkaline due to
the calcium carbonate
or lime within its
structure.
 CHALKY SOIL
- It can be either light or
heavy but always
highly alkaline due to
the calcium carbonate
or lime within its
structure.
 SILTY SOIL
- Silty soil is a light and
moisture retentive soil
type with high fertility
rating. As silt soils
compromise of
medium sized particles
they are well drained
and hold moisture well.
 PEATY SOIL
- Peat soil is high in organic
matter and retains a large
amount of moisture. This
type of soil is very rarely
found in a garden and
often imported into a
garden to provide an
optimum soil base for
planting
 QUIZ

DIRECTION: Identify the types of

soil described in each number
 PEATY
______1. A type of soil which in organic
matter and retains a large amount of
moisture.
______2.
SAND It has coarse and loose
particles.

______3.
LOAM It contains large amount of
decaying plants and animals.
 CHALK
_______4. It can be either light or heavy
but always highly alkaline due to the
calcium carbonate or lime within its
structure.

_______5.
CLAY This type of soil is made up of
very fine particle of rocks and its particles
are packed together tightly.