RURAL AGRICULTURAL WORK EXPERIENCE

(RAWE) 2020
“INDUSTRIAL TRAINING”
RAWE Co-ordinator: Dr. Alok Kumar
Under the Guidance of: Prof. Sushma Priya
i
 GROUP MEMBERS
NAME ENROLLMENT NO.

SWATI KIRAN (BA/16/068)

SHAMBHAVI ANAND (BA/16/065)

SONI KUMARI (BA/16/080)

RANI KUMARI (BA/16/055)

MADHU KUMARI (BA/16/036)

 INDEX

1. Introduction- Agricultural 11. Human resource

Industrial Training 12. Culturedd species
2. Objectivea of Agricultural 13. Practices/culture of culture
Industrial Training
14. Contributionn to economy
3. Trends in production, productivity
15. Trends
and export of fish from India
16. Trends in production of fish
4. Introduction of Fisheries in India
17. Trends in export of fish
5. India’s share in world fish
production 18. Top 5 productive state in fisheries
in India
6. Production of fish in India
19. Conclusion
7. Productivity of fisheries in India
8. System of production
9. Brackish water aquaculture
10.Marine culture
INTRODUCTION

AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRIAL ATTACHMENT

– Agriculture education is an important tool in insuring increased agricultural productivity.
– Sustainability and environmental and ecological security, profitability, job security and equity.
– It is a programme mainly aimed for preparing agricultural graduates for better carrier in
agriculture. Providing agricultural graduates oriented education to face the challenges by
acquiring knowledge and skill through the hands on experience. Learning by doing is the
basic aim and theme of the programme.
– Agricultural Industrial Attachment Programme is a programme for importing quality,
practical and production oriented for agricultural degree.
– The most important achievement of this Agricultural Industrial Attachment Programme is that
it builds entrepreneurship development skills and acquaint with new technologies and make
us learn about different methods of commercial agriculture and marketing channels.
OBJECTIVES

– To expose the students to industrial environment, which cannot be simulated in the university.
– To familiarized the students with various materials, machines, processes, products and their
applications along with relevant aspects of shop management.
– To make the students understand the psychology of the workers and approach to problems along
with the practices followed at factory.
– To make the students understand the scope, functions and job responsibilities in various
departments of an organizations.
– Exposure to various aspects of entrepreneurship during the programme period.

viii
TRENDS IN PRODUCTION, PRODUCTIVITY AND
EXPORT OF FISH FROM INDIA

ix
INTRODUCTION OF FISHERIES IN INDIA
 In recent years, Fishing Industry has emerged as a dynamic sector and is being considered as a strategic sub-
sector for promoting agricultural diversification.
 The fisheries sector plays an indispensable role in the economy of India contributing around 1 percent of the

GDP and 5 percent in the agricultural GDP.

 Consumption per capita per annum is still at 9 kg with the fish-eating population estimated at 56percent in
India. Per capita fish consumption in India is very low when compared with most of the countries in Asia.
 It is expected that the fish requirement by 2025 would be of the order of16 million tonnes.
 Diversification of production by introducing a new commercial species, adoption of new technologies like
cage culture and introduction of processing units for value added products could add new dimensions to the
sector.
 India has vast water resources and there is huge scope to utilise these resources. Among the commonwealth
nations India possesses the first position in fish production and she is the second highest producer of inland
fishes. Among the leading fish producing countries India’s rank is eighth

1
 The global supply of fishery products has steadily grown at an average annual rate of 3.2 per cent in the last
five decades

 The growth in fish production has been sustained by the rapid expansion of aquaculture; over the last three
decades, global aquaculture production has tripled, growing at an average annual rate of 8.3 per cent

 In 2008-2012, employment in fish farming increased by 5.5 per cent annually, in contrast to the 0.8 per cent
recorded for both marine and inland capture fisheries

 The production of equipment and technology for vessels, handling, processing and shipping constitute
support services. The primary sector alone generated employment for 56.6million people in 2018
India’s Share in World Fish Production

Year Rank % Share

1951 7 3.2

1961 9 2.2

1971 7 2.8

1981 7 2.3

1991 8 3.3

2
Nutritional Value of Various Fishes (per gram)

Name of
Fish Calorie Protein(mg.) Fat(mg.) Carbo(mg.) .(pg)
Ca
g
P(m )
Iron(mg)

Hilsa 273 27.8 2.9 29.4 0.018 0.020 0.0021

Catta 106 18.6 3.7 1.9 0.051 0.021 0.008
Climbing
70 14.8 4.4 8.8 0.041 0.031 0.0014
Fish
Fry 106 18.1 3.1 2.4 0.012 0.096 0.001
Singi 96 22.8 0.0 6 0.067 0.065 0.0022
Mrigel 98 19.5 3.2 8 0.035 0.028 0.0019
Prawn 122 19.1 8.0 1.0 0.032 0.027 0.0053

3
 Indian fisheries can be
divided into two broad
categories:
i) Inland Fisheries
a) Capture
b) Culture
ii) Marine Fisheries

Marine Fisheries
4
Capture fisheries consist of rivers, lakes canals etc. where farmers do not cultivate fishes.
Natural breeding process is the common phenomenon there. On the other hand, culture fisheries
consist of ponds, tanks, swamps, marshes etc. In this case, farmers have to sow fish seeds, nurse
it and tend it to proper size before harvesting. Marine fisheries are confined to the coastal
waters (Malabar coast in the West, north and south, and Coromondal coast in the east) of India
spread over narrow belt of continental shelf and slopes running into 5,500 km. with a total
fishable area of about 2,81,600 sq. km. lying between the coast and 200 nautical miles. It is rich
in marine resources in the form of fish and edible animals like shark, perfects, sardine. Bombay
duck, Indian salmon, ribbon fish etc.

5
 Production of Fish in India

 In India, Fishery is a very important economic activity and a flourishing sector with varied resources and
potentials. Only after the Indian Independence, has fisheries together with agriculture been recognized as an
important sector. The vibrancy of the sector can be visualized by the 11-fold increase that India achieved in
fish production in just six decades, i.e. from 0.75 million tonnes in 1950-51 to 9.6 million tonnes during
2012-13.This resulted in an unparalleled average annual growth rate of over 4.5 percent over the years
which has placed the country on the forefront of global fish production, only after China. Besides meeting
the domestic needs, the dependence of over 14.5 million people on fisheries activities for their livelihood
and foreign exchange earnings to the tune of US$ 3.51 billion (2012-13) from fish and fisheries products,
amply justifies the importance of the sector on the country's economy.
7
 Aquaculture in India has evolved as a viable commercial farming practice from the level of traditionally backyard
activity over last three decades with considerable diversification in terms of species and systems, and has been
showing an impressive annual growth rate of 6-7 percent. While the carp-based freshwater aquaculture, mainly
constituted by the Indian major carps, such as, catla, rohu and mrigal, has been contributing over 90 percent of the
aquaculture production satisfying the domestic need, the shrimp-based coastal aquaculture contributes to only about 5
percent of the export earnings. Induced breeding of carps and catfishes, hatcheries for mass-scale spawning, seed
rearing and carp polyculture are some of the epoch-making technologies actually guided by the freshwater aquaculture
development.

 The sector has also shown considerable diversification in recent years with the adoption of other species such as
catfishes and freshwater prawns, due to their higher market demand and economic values. Development of improved
rohu (Jayanti) through selective breeding with a record of 17 percent higher growth response per generation after seven
generations is a major achievement. Almost five-fold growth in mean national pond productivity in last four decades,
i.e. from about 600 kg in 1970s to 2900 kg/ha today is proof of the sector's vibrancy. As the second largest aquaculture
producer in the world, aquaculture in India is also considered as a thriving sector for meeting the increasing fish
demand in the coming years. 8
Productivity of Fisheries in India

The All India Coordinated Research Projects (AICRP) on composite fish culture and fish seed production,
launched by ICAR through CIFRI, Barrackpore, operated in 12 centres throughout the country until 1984,
which virtually laid the foundation of scientific fish culture in India. Carp culture, thereupon, during the late
1980s has expanded its dimensions in terms of area coverage and intensity of operation, with Andhra Pradesh,
Punjab, Haryana, Maharashtra, etc., taking up fish culture as a commercial farming enterprise. The research
and development efforts during the last six decades have placed carp farming as an important economic
enterprise as a fast-growing industry.

9
Major Fish Producing states of India
SYSYTEM OF PRODUCTION
Low-input System
 The natural productivity of this system is increased by using low-cost inputs such as organic and
inorganic fertilizers, aquatic weeds etc.

 In this system a fish production of around 2-3 tonnes/ha/year is achieved without any supplementary
feeding. Slurry from biogas also can be used as good organic manure and fish culture with application of
bio-gas slurry at fortnightly splits recorded fish production around 2 to 3 tonnes/ha/year without any
supplementary feeding.

 Weed based system of carp culture at stocking density of 4000-5000 fingerlings/ha with grass carp as
main component (40-50 percent) demonstrated production yields of around 3-4 tonnes/ha/year with no
supplementary feed.

10
Medium-input System

 In this system, supplementary feeding is provided apart from additional elements of fertilization for
enhancing the fish production.
 The main features of this technology also include proper pond preparation, proper stocking density,
periodic fertilization and regular feeding with oil-cake-bran mixture (protein 25-27 percent) coupled with
water quality and fish health monitoring.
 Further, this technology has the scope for diversification through integration of other agricultural activities
for increasing production and income, besides maximizing resource utilization. Livestock-based
aquaculture utilizes wastes (both leftover feed and excreta) from poultry birds, ducks, rabbits, pigs or
sheep/goats. Production rates ranging from 3000 to 6500 kg/ha/year were registered under different
systems, with duck-cum-fish farming being the least and pig-cum-fish farming being the most productive.
High-input System
 Higher stocking density combined with higher feed inputs is the typical characteristics of intensive culture
system aimed at higher fish production from unit area.

 Such high input-based culture system uses balanced diet together intensive aeration and water replenishment
apart from other inputs as medicines, probiotics etc. for health monitoring.

 The contribution of fertilizers to fish production is comparatively low. Water exchange and aeration helps in
reducing metabolite load from ponds.

 Production levels of around over10-15 tonnes/ha/year have been possible and it is evident that while high
production is not difficult from not drainable static ponds, increased water replenishment may be vital factor
for maintaining higher growth and production.

11
BRACKISH WATER AQUACULTURE

Brackish water aquaculture in India, though a traditional practice in bheries (manmade impoundments in coastal
wetlands) of West Bengal and pokkali (salt resistant deep-water paddy) fields along the Kerala coast, the scientific
farming in the country has been initiated only in early 1990s. In the traditional system of culture, tidal water is
impounded in the intertidal mudflats by raising bunds. Tidal water with all assorted fish and shrimp seed is allowed
to enter through sluice-gates during spring tides. Harvesting of marketable sized fish and shrimp is done regularly
during spring tides through traps placed near the sluice gates. Thus, with no additional input, except that of
trapping the naturally bred juvenile fish and shrimp seed, these systems have been sustaining production levels
between 500-750 kg/ha/year with shrimp contributing 20-25 percent of the total production.

13
The shrimp production in different states during 2012-13
Sl State Total 2011-12 Total 2012-13
No Area(ha) Production Area(ha) Production Productivity
(MT) Productivity (MT) (MT/ha/yr.)
(MT/ha/yr.)
1 West 48558 45999 0.95 48410 52581 1.09
Bengal
2 Orissa 8597 10901 1.27 6256 14096 2.25
Andhra
3 35274 51081 1.45 15925 25948 1.63
Pradesh

4 TamilNadu 5360 12097 2.26 6293 17220 2.74

5 Kerala 12800 8138 0.64 12917 5175 0.4
Karnatak
6 650 609 0.94 240 180 0.75
a
7 Goa 53 51 0.96 30 48 1.61
Maharash
8 1098 1721 1.57 1047 2010 1.92
tra
9 Gujarat 1971 4809 2.47 1992 6045 3.03
Total 114370 135465 1.18 93110 123303 1.32
14
MARINE CULTURE

The earliest attempt at marine culture in India was made at the Mandapam centre of CMFRI in1958-1959 with
the culture of milkfish (Chanoschanos). Over the last three decades, CMFRI has developed various
technologies for a number of species including oysters, mussels and clams among sedentary species, as well
as for shrimps and finfish. Investigation of the culture possibilities for mussels was initiated in early 1970s by
the CMFRI which resulted in the development of a range of practices for the culture of these species.

15
Ratio of Inland and Marine fisheries production in recent year
Human Resources
 A database with details of human resources in aquaculture and allied sectors is lacking due to the dispersed
nature of aquaculture resources and non-availability of a suitable mechanism for data collection. In a study
conducted in six major aquaculture producing Indian States (Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Karnataka, Orissa,
Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal), Bhatta (2003) reported the age of fish farmers ranged from 38 years in
Andhra Pradesh to 58years in Haryana, with a national average of 47 years.

 This study also inferred that fish farming, though a part-time activity, contributes a major share of the
income of these fish farmers, ranging from 14.98 percent in Orissa to 95.26 percent in Andhra Pradesh,
with an average of 79.66 percent. With the development of shrimp farming, the employment opportunities
in coastal areas have increased greatly.

17
Manpower involved in fishing from sea Fish market

19
.CULTURED SPECIES

While carp form the most important species farmed in freshwater in India, it is the shrimp from the brackish
water sector which contributes the bulk of the production. The three Indian major carps, namely, catla, rohu
(Labeo rohita) and mrigal carp (Cirrhinus mrigala) contribute over 90 percent of the total Indian aquaculture
production. Introduced during the 1970s into the carp polyculture system in the country, three exotic carps,
namely, silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix); grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) and common carp
(Cyprinus carpio) now form a second important group.

Among Chinese carps, however, no significant advantages have been able to be established from these
hybrids. Selective breeding programmes in roho labeo based on the combined selection method taken by
CIFA at Bhubaneswar in collaboration with AKVAFORSK (Institute for Aquaculture Research from Norway)
during the last ten years has led to the production of a genetically improved strain (known as Jayanti) which
has shown over 50 percent higher growth rates in three generations. This improved strain has already become
available in different parts of the country.

20
PRACTICES/SYSTEMS OF CULTURE
Freshwater aquaculture
Culture of carp:

Carp culture is based around the 'polyculture' of the three Indian major carps (catla, roho labeo and mrigal
carp), as well as 'composite carp culture' of the three Indian major carps with the three exotic carps (silver,
grass and common carp). Standard practices in carp culture include:

1. The stocking of carp at combined densities varies depending on the system of culture as detailed in the
above paragraphs.
2. Pond fertilization with organic manures from cattle or poultry, as well as inorganic fertilizers like urea
and single super phosphate.
3. Provision of supplementary feeds mainly in the form of a mixture of rice bran/wheat bran and
groundnut/mustard oilcake in equal ratio.

21
Culture of catfish:
 The aerial respiration in the larvae starts 10-12 days post hatch. They are obligate air breathers and hence
need atmospheric oxygen irrespective of dissolved oxygen.
 Initially, a water depth of 8-10 cm is kept in the larval tank to avoid loss of energy spent for making
vertical trips. The depth in gradually increased with the increase in rearing period.
 The Hatchlings are stocked @ 2000 - 3000 / m2 in well aerated rearing tanks. They subsist on yolk for
about 3 days. Subsequently they are fed with live plankton or Artemia nauplii. 50% of the water is
exchanged on alternate days.
 They are reared for 12-14 days when they reach a size of 10-12mm size (30-40mm). They are harvested
and transferred to outdoor rearing tanks and stocked @ 200-300 Nos./m2.

22
Culture of giant river prawn:

 The giant river prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) is the largest and fastest growing species being farmed
and possesses considerable demand both in domestic and international markets.
 The monoculture of giant river prawn is mostly confined to ponds with supplementary feeding.
 Mahua oilcake is applied to kill the unwanted fishes @ 2,500 kg/ha.
 In prawn farming Calcium form an important component in moulting process. Therefore, after a heavy shower
calcium level in the water may decrease which is signalled by lowering of water pH.
 As soon as the post larvae becomes juveniles, they should be reared in low saline water of 3-7%.
 During these period provision of shell strings has to be made so that they can hide while moulting.
 For better growth in semi-intensive, stocking rates vary between 4 and 20 PL/m2 (40000-200000/ha).

23
Brackish water aquaculture

 Brackish water aquaculture in India is restricted to shrimp farming utilizing semi-intensive culture practices
mainly with giant tiger prawn at stocking densities of 0.1-0.3 million/ha.

 With the provision of a high protein diet, water exchange, aeration and improved health management,
production levels of 4-6 tonnes/ha have been demonstrated in a production period of 4-5 months.

 The adoption of a more cautious approach including moderate stocking densities and good management
practices has helped in the revival of the sector and in sustaining shrimp production of the country.

 Furthermore, with the recent introduction of Penaeus vannamei, the shrimp culture is again regaining its
glory of export earner at large.

24
Production

 Aquaculture contributed over one third of the

country's total fish production of 9.06 million
tonnes during2012-2013.
 The total aquaculture production of 4.43 million
tonnes was valued at US$ 3.5 billion of which
carp alone was responsible for as much as 4.18
million tonnes.
 Almost the total quantity of finfish produced by
aquaculture is consumed on the domestic market,
while shrimps and freshwater prawns are mainly Brackish water aquaculture
exported.

25
Contribution to the economy

 Government of India, the value of GDP from fisheries sector at current prices during 2011-2012 was Rs 65541
crores, which is 4.47 percent of the total GDP of agriculture and allied sectors. Fish contributes substantially
to the domestic food security of India which has a per capita consumption of more than 6.00 kg per annum.

 Worldwide about 38 million people are estimated to be fishers and fish-farmers, about 95 percent (36 million)
of whom are from Africa, Asia and Latin America.17 Of these around 68 percent (26 million) are estimated to
be involved in marine and inland small-scale capture fisheries (ibid.).

 Over 78 million people depend on small-scale fishing and directly related activities (processing, trading,
ancillary services, etc.) for their livelihoods in developing countries. If on average there are two additional
dependents for each job, then it can be estimated that there would be some 234 million people are dependent
on fisheries in developing countries.

26
Contribution and growth of fisheries sector in India, 1950-51 to 2001-02
Period % Contribution to % annual growth
GDP AgGDP Fisheries GDP AgGDP
1950-51 0.46 0.84
1960-61 0.54 1.18 5.63 2.68
1970-71 0.61 1.37 3.92 1.5
1980-81 0.73 1.98 2.86 1.72
1990-91 0.93 3.00 5.11 2.89
2001-02 1.03 4.01 4.71 3.00
Overall Growth 4.31 2.65

27
Also, the fisheries sector is contributing to Indian economy mainly through following ways:
i) Raising Nutritional standards
 Fish is considered rightly as the “poor-man’s diet”. Fish is a rich source of protein, vitamins and minerals
with approximate composition as crude protein 14.2-22.8%, fat 0.6-2.4% and energy 76-161 Kcal/100 gm.
 A special feature of fish flesh food is content of vitamin B12 which is absent in plant food and also a good
source of calcium and vitamin A.
 The monthly per capita consumption of fish in India was highest in Lakshadweep (3.38 kg) followed by
Kerala (1.59 kg) and Goa (1.38 kg). It can be noted that per capita requirement is 12 kg as recommended by
ICMR (Indian Council of Medical Research).
 Assuming India’s fish eating population till 2025 to be around 6.90 million, the requirement of fish will be
around 8.2 million tonnes.

28
ii) Income Generation
 The average gross income for all categories of farmers is Rs. 13,944/ha and Rs. 16,554/ha for small, Rs.
18,270/ha for medium and Rs. 19,049/ha for large scale farmers.
 For the country as a whole, the average net income is Rs. 9,076/ha.
 Several externally aided projects are under-way which may provide employment to shrimp farmers and allied
workers.
 It is worth mentioning that, fish farmers, artisanal fishermen and fisherwomen engaged in fish culture,
collection of fish seed from natural resources, fishing in closed and open inland and coastal waters,
processing, transport and marketing etc. are the primary producers of the fisheries sector and as such they are
the focal objects for sectoral development and welfare schemes.
TRENDS
The study of trend in production and productivity is very important because of the following developments in
this sector: -

 Aquaculture in the past ten years has witnessed both horizontal and vertical expansion, with total production
increasing from 0.37 million tonnes in 1980 to 4.43 million tonnes during 2012-2013, an increase of over
12-fold.

 Freshwater aquaculture has witnessed diversification through the incorporation of high valued species like
freshwater prawn and has increased its production from 455 tonnes in 1992 to over 30000 tonnes in 2003.

 A cautious approach and the adoption of good management practices subsequently, helped the sector to
reach a record production of 270819 tonnes during 2012-2013 from approximately 115826 ha area under
production.

32
 A high export potential backed by an assured supply of quality seed through the establishment of large
numbers of shrimp hatcheries, the availability of other critical inputs like formulated feed, easily accessed
institutional finance, increased entrepreneurial involvement, the entry of several privately owned large
companies and above all higher profit margins were the guiding force behind such high growth during last
decade.

 With freshwater aquaculture being compatible with other farming systems, it is largely environmentally
friendly and provides for recycling and utilization of several types of organic wastes.

 Global production of fish, crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic animals has continued to grow and
reached 172.6 million tonnes in 2017, with an increase of 4.1 percent compared with 2016. There is a
growing gap between the supply of fish and demand, due in part to world population growth.

33
Trends in production of fish
Cl Nn F^h production (In Lakh tonnes) Annua] Average Growth Rate (Percent)
■JJ. -1U. irdi 1 Murine Inland 1 Total 1 Marine Inland 1 All India 1
l 1950-51 5.34 2.18 7.52 - - -
2 1950-51 15.55 8.87 24.42 - - -
3 1951-52 14.45 9.99 24.44 -7.07 12.63 008
4 1952-53 14.27 9.40 23.67 -1.25 -5.91 -3.15
5 1953-54 15.19 9.87 25.06 6.45 5.00 5.87
6 1954-55 16.95 11.03 25.01 11.78 11.75 11.77
7 1955-56 17.16 11.60 28.76 1.06 5.17 2.68
8 1956-87 17 13 12.29 29.42 -0.17 5.95 2.29
9 1957-88 16.55 13.01 29.59 -3.21 5 86 058
to 1955-89 18.17 13.35 31.52 9.59 2.61 6.52
11 1959-90 22.75 14.02 36.77 25.21 5.02 16.66
12 1990-91 23.00 15.36 35.36 1.10 9.56 4.32
13 1991-92 24.47 17 10 41.57 6.39 11.33 8.37
14 1992-93 25.76 17.59 43.65 5.27 4.62 5.00
15 1993-94 26.49 19.95 46.44 2.83 11.51 6.39
16 1994-95 26.92 20.97 47.89 1.62 5.11 3.12
17 1995-96 27.07 22.42 49.49 0.56 6.91 3.34
18 1996-97 29.67 23.51 53.48 9.60 6.20 8.06
19 1997-98 29.50 24.35 53.88 -0.57 2.39 0.75
20 1995-99 26.96 26.02 52.98 -8.61 6.73 -1.67
21 1999-00 28.52 28.23 56.75 5.79 8.49 7.12
22 2000-01 25.11 28.45 56.56 -1.44 0.78 -0.33
23 2001-02 28.30 31.26 59.56 0.68 9.88 5.30
24 2002-03 29.90 32 10 62.00 5.65 2.69 4.10
25 2003-04 29.41 34.55 63.99 -1.64 7.73 3.21
26 2004-05 27.79 35.26 63.05 -5.51 1.97 -1.47
27 2005-06 28.16 37.56 65.72 1.33 6.52 4.23
28 2006-07 3024 38.45 68.69 7.39 2.37 4.52
29 2007-08 29 20 42.07 71.27 -3.44 9.41 3.76
30 2008-09 29.75 46.35 76.16 1.99 10.24 6.86
31 2009-10 3104 45.94 79.98 4.23 5.52 5.02
32 2010-11 32.50 49.51 82.31 4.70 1.78 2.91
33 2011-12 33.72 52.94 86.66 3.75 6.28 5.28
34 2012-13 33.21 5719 90.40 -1.51 8.03 4.32
35 2013-14 34.43 61.36 95.79 3.67 7.29 5.96
36 2014-15 35.69 66.91 102.60 3.66 9.04 7.11
35
37 2015-16 3600 71.62 107.62 0.87 7.04 4.89
35 2016-17 36.25 75.06 114.31 0.70 8.99 6.21
39 2017-18 36.55 59.02 125.90 1.73 14.05 10.14
Trends in export of fish
Value Unit value Annual growth
Year Quantity (Tonne s) Unit value (^/tonnes) rat<K%)
v.lUlrl Quantity 1 Value 1
1990-91 137667 00 856.00 62179.03 2495.41 2420 34.81
1991-92 169875 00 1311 60 77209.71 3098.63 23.40 53.22
1992-93 206673 00 1713 70 82918.43 3327.74 21 66 30 66
1993-94 242505 00 2461 00 101482 44 4072.76 1734 43 61
1994-95 307337 00 3575.30 116331.58 4668.70 26.73 45.28
1995-96 296277.26 3501.11 118169.95 4742.47 -3.60 -2.08
1996-07 37819880 4121 36 10897349 4373 40 27.65 17.72
1997-98 385818 15 4697 48 121753.61 4886 30 2.01 13.98
1998-99 302933.85 4626 86 152735.10 6129 66 -2148 -1.50
1999-00 343030.53 5116.67 149160 83 598622 13.24 10.59
2000-01 44047300 6443 89 146294.78 5871.20 28.41 25.94
2001-02 424470 00 5957.05 140340 90 5632.25 -3.63 -7.56
2002-03 467297 00 6881.31 147257.74 5909 84 10.09 15.52
2003-04 41201700 6091 95 14785676 5933 88 -11.83 -11.47

2004-05 461328.51 6646.69 144077.12 5782.20 11.97 9.11

2005-06 51216356 7245 30 141464.52 5677.35 11.02 9.01
2006-07 612641 50 8363 53 136515 83 5478 74 19.62 15.43
2007-08 541700 83 762092 14068500 5646 06 -11 58 -8.88
2008-09 602835.34 8607.94 142790.92 5730.58 11.29 12.95
2009-10 678436.07 10048.53 148113.14 5944.17 12.54 16.74
2010-11 81309085 1290147 158671 89 6367 92 19.85 28.39
2011-12 862021 41 16597.23 192538 46 7727 08 6.02 28.65
2012-13 928214.67 18856.26 203145.42 8152.76 7.68 13.61
2013-14 983755.56 30213.26 307121.60 12325.60 5.98 60.23
2014-15 105124349 3344161 318114.75 12766.79 6.86 10.69
2015-16 945891 90 30420 83 321609 99 12907.06 -10.02 -9.03
2016-17 1134948 09 37870.90 36 333679.62 13391.45 19.99 24.49
2017-18 1377243.70 45106.89 327515.69 13144.07 21.35 19.11
Top five productive state in fisheries
Top five fisheries states in India in 2017-2018 ( in lakh tonnes )

States Inland Marine Total

Andhra Pradesh 28.45 6.05 34.5

West Bengal 15.57 1.85 17.42

Gujarat 1.34 7.01 8.35

Kerala 5.34 1.51 6.85

Tamil Nadu 1.85 4.97 6.82

Total 89.02 35.88 125.9

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CONCLUSION
 India is one of the major fish producing nation of the world with a count line of about 7517 KMS a self-area
of about 4.5-inch sq. des. exclusive economic zone about 2 million sq. km. and fisherman population of
about 8 million.

 Achieving growth rate of about 8% annually on a sustainable basis over a period of five years would be
possible only if production is targeted at 15 million t by end of 2019-20 (as against production of 10.79
million tat the end of2015-16), of which at least 11 million t would need to come from the inland sector and
freshwater aquaculture is expected to provide over 9 million t.

 It is even more challenging that all these have to be done in the face of increased land and water scarcity,
climate change, competition from other agriculture sector, labour shortage, shortage of raw materials
besides satisfying the Code of Conduct for Responsible Aquaculture (CCRA) and Hazard Analysis at
Critical Control Points (HACCP) in farming.

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 The government can use precautionary policy to bring a total halt to increased fishing pressure and pollution load,
Upgradation of fishing harbors to international standards is must for sustaining or expanding our marine product,
As a drive to prevent illegal and unregulated fishing and regulation to obtain the catch certificate for all
consignments of Exports, Focus to address anti-dumping issues, hygienic handling of catch and better
preservation, and training on better utilization of by catch and Subsidy for installation of insulated/refrigerated
fish, Refrigerated sea water system, Ice making Machine on board fishing vessels.

 If the country has to achieve its premium goal of Blue Revolution to ensure quality fish protein, the researchers
and development machineries in the freshwater sector need to maintain pace of the aquaculture development at
sound and sustainable levels.

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THANK
YOU