ENE 303 Engineering Thermodynamics - II

Lecture – II_Application

Air is compressed by a 15-kW compressor from P1 to P2. The air

temperature is maintained constant at 25oC during this process as a
result of heat transfer to the surrounding medium at 20oC. Determine
the rate of entropy change of the air. State the assumptions made in
solving this problem.

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 ENE 303 Engineering Thermodynamics - II
Lecture – II_Application

Assumptions:
1. This is a steady-flow process since there is no change with time.
2. Kinetic and potential energy changes are negligible.
3. Air is an ideal gas.
4. The process involves no internal irreversibilities such as friction, and thus
it is an isothermal, internally reversible process.

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 ENE 303 Engineering Thermodynamics - II
Lecture – II_Application

Based on 1st Law;

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 ENE 303 Engineering Thermodynamics - II
Lecture – II_Application

Based on 2nd Law;

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 ENE 303 Engineering Thermodynamics - II
Lecture – II_Application

A completely reversible heat pump produces heat at a rate of 300 kW to warm a house
maintained at 24oC. The exterior air, which is at 7oC, serves as the sink.

Calculate the rate of entropy change of the two reservoirs and determine if this heat
pump satisfies the second law according to the increase of entropy principle.

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 ENE 303 Engineering Thermodynamics - II
Lecture – II_Application

If heat pump completely reversible;

• We can use thermodynamical temp. scale rather then heat transfer terms.

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 ENE 303 Engineering Thermodynamics - II
Lecture – II_Application

If we determined COPHP;

COPHP = desired output / required input

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 ENE 303 Engineering Thermodynamics - II
Lecture – II_Application

From 1st Law;

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 ENE 303 Engineering Thermodynamics - II
Lecture – II_Application

From 2nd Law;

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 ENE 303 Engineering Thermodynamics - II
Lecture – II_Application

A well-insulated rigid tank contains 3 kg of a saturated liquid–vapor mixture of water at

200 kPa. Initially, three-quarters of the mass is in the liquid phase. An electric resistance
heater placed in the tank is now turned on and kept on until all the liquid in the tank is
vaporized. Determine the entropy change of the steam during this process.

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 ENE 303 Engineering Thermodynamics - II
Lecture – II_Application

A well-insulated rigid tank contains 3 kg of a saturated liquid–vapor mixture of water at

200 kPa. Initially, three-quarters of the mass is in the liquid phase. An electric resistance
heater placed in the tank is now turned on and kept on until all the liquid in the tank is
vaporized. Determine the entropy change of the steam during this process.

We have water in liquid and vapour form;

• Use steam table (A4-A6)

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 ENE 303 Engineering Thermodynamics - II
Lecture – II_Application

An isentropic steam turbine processes 2 kg/s of steam at 3 MPa, which is

exhausted at 50 kPa and 100oC. 5 percent of this flow is diverted for feedwater
heating at 500 kPa.

Determine the power produced by this turbine, in kW.

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 ENE 303 Engineering Thermodynamics - II
Lecture – II_Application

Assumptions:
1. This is a steady-flow process since there is no change with time.
2. Kinetic and potential energy changes are negligible.
3. Process operates under isentropic conditions.

4. From 1st Law;

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ENE 303 Engineering Thermodynamics - II
Lecture – II_Application
1

2 3

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ENE 303 Engineering Thermodynamics - II
Lecture – II_Application
1

2 3

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