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Birefringence Analysis of Octagonal

Photonic Crystal fiber
Paper ID:1579
R.HEMALATHA
S.REVATHI
Vellore Institute of Technology
 Outline
Abstract

Photonic Crystal Fiber

Birefringence
Highly Birefringent Fiber
PCF design
Solid Core
Hollow Core
Elliptical single and elliptical core design parameter
Triangular single and elliptical core design parameter
Light Confinement in all design
Birefringence Comparison Table
Birefringence Graph
Conclusion
Reference
Abstract

 Explanation of birefringence variation due to change in structure of

core lattice of Photonic crystal fiber.

Solid core, Hollow core, elliptical and rectangular single core versus
tri-core analysis is performed in this work.

Based on the results, higher birefringence is noticed in elliptical core

structure.
Photonic Crystal Fiber
• PCF are composed of a periodic array of air holes running along their
entire length and confining light in desired region
Highly Birefringent fiber
• Polarization maintained
• Reduce coupling between orthogonal states of the fundamental mode

• B=|neff  – neff |
y x

• Typical Value - High birefringence

Low Birefringence
PCF Design

• The PCF is designed using COMSOL Multiphysics.

• Pitch is ʌ= 2nm

• d= 2*p

• d1= d/2µm.

• Four ring of air hole is structured in cladding region

Solid core
 The core is solid
 Positive refractive index
 ncore> nclad
 Works on Total internal reflection
mechanism
Hollow core
The is core is of air hole

Negative refractive index

ncore< nclad

Works on Photonic bandgap guidance

Elliptical single and Tri core design
parameter
 

• The parametric analyses of elliptical core are given by 3.5µm in one semi axis and 2

µm in other semi axis.

• The rotation of 30 ͦ is given to make light confinement easier.

• For tri elliptical core the value used for designing is given by 3 & 0.8 µm in two

cores and 3.9 & 0.8 µm for central core.

Rectangular Single and Tri core design
parameter
• The design parameters used for the construction are 5.8 & 2 µm in
single rectangular core.

• 6 & 1.8µm for two rectangular core and

• Third core is designed by 5.6 & 1.2 µm

Single Core Vs Tri Core

(b)
(a)

(c) (d)
Light Confinement in all design

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(a) Solid core light confinement

(b) Hollow core light confinement
(c) Elliptical core light confinement
(d) Tri elliptical core light confinement
(e) Rectangular core light confinement

(e) (f) (f) Tri rectangular core light confinement

Birefringence Comparison Table
Wavelength Solid Core Hollow Core Elliptical single Elliptical Tri core Rectangular Rectangular Tri core
core Single core

1300 5.37E-07
3.85E-07 9.33E-03 7.71E-03 5.03E-05 5.57E-06

1350
3.82E-07 5.15E-07 1.20E-05 3.64E-06 3.30E-05 3.99E-06

1400 3.79E-07 9.06E-03 2.40E-06

1.04E-05 3.77E-05 2.60E-06

1450 3.75E-07 8.88E-06 0.00E+00

4.80E-07 2.48E-05 1.41E-06

1500
3.71E-07 4.66E-07 7.54E-06 5.62E-07 2.70E-05 4.64E-07

1550 3.66E-07 6.31E-06 6.72E-07

4.53E-07 2.23E-05 4.36E-07
Birefringence in Solid core and Hollow
core

Solid core Hollow core

Elliptical Core Birefringence

Single Elliptical core Tri Elliptical core

Rectangular Core Birefringene

Single Rectangular core Tri Elliptical core

Conclusion

 In this work, we analyzed the type of core used in phonic crystal

fiber with octagonal cladding lattice.

Among solid, circular hollow, rectangular, elliptical core has higher

birefringence.

Based on the operating wavelength, varied confinement loss is

obtained for different core lattice.
Reference
 
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Thank You